一个非线性系统的域墙波解的扩展

 用代数方法研究一个非线性系统的域墙波解,补充了其它文献的结果.说明在行波解研究中,代数方法在一定程度上能弥补动力系统分支方法由于积分原因造成的缺陷.     

Current-induced resonance and mass determination of a single magnetic domain wall

A magnetic domain wall (DW) is a spatially localized change of magnetization configuration in a magnet. This topological object has been predicted to behave at low energy as a composite particle with finite mass. This particle will couple directly with electric currents as well as magnetic fields, and its manipulation using electric currents is of particular interest with regard to the development of high-density magnetic memories. The DW mass sets the ultimate operation speed of these devices, but has yet to be determined experimentally. Here we report the direct observation of the dynamics of a single DW in a ferromagnetic nanowire, which demonstrates that such a topological particle has a very small but finite mass of 6.6 x 10(-23) kg. This measurement was realized by preparing a tunable DW potential in the nanowire, and detecting the resonance motion of the DW induced by an oscillating current. The resonance also allows low-current operation, which is crucial in device applications; a DW displacement of 10 microm was induced by a current density of 10(10) A m(-2).     

含时Peierls方程的呼吸子近似解

呼吸子是一种广泛存在于非线性模型中的重要非线性振动模.本文给出了含时Peierls方程的近似呼吸子解,并且通过数值方法验证了呼吸子解的正确性.结果表明了动力学Peierls方程也存在呼吸子解,呼吸子可以看作是位错和反位错的束缚态.     

电子-电子相互作用对Peierls相变的影响

研究短程强电子关联对Ｐｅｉｅｒｌｓ相变的影响，研究结果表明，短程强库仑作用对Ｐｅｉｅｒｌｓ相变的影响与电子填充有在，证明了电子单占据条件使费米面的态度密ρ（εＦ）在ｎ＝１时奇异，此奇异性增强系统的二聚化，此外，研究表明，增大最近邻电子－电子相互作用Ｖ将显著压低半满足满附近的Ｐｅｉｅｒｌｓ相变温度Ｔｐ以及增高ｎ≈１／２附近的Ｐｅｉｅｒｌｓ相变温度ＴＰ；对ｎ＝１／２填充带，增大Ｖ将增进系统四聚化。     

2D掺杂大U—Hubbard模型的自旋Peierls相变研究

从Spinor与声子相互作用考虑,讨论La_(2-x)M_xCuO_4中CuO_2平面上AFS涨落诱导的Peierls失稳性,求出Spinor声子系统的自由能,计算La_2CuO_4结构相变温度与掺杂的关系,得到了随着系统温度下降,系统可能经历二次结构相变的结论,为实验结果提供了一个可能的解释。     

A potential fusion peptide and an integrin ligand domain in a protein active in sperm-egg fusion.

The union of sperm and egg is a special membrane fusion event that gives a signal to begin development. We have hypothesized that proteins mediating cell-cell fusion events resemble viral fusion proteins and have shown that PH-30, a sperm surface protein involved in sperm-egg fusion, shares biochemical characteristics with viral fusion proteins. We report here the complementary DNA and deduced amino-acid sequences of the mature alpha and beta subunits of PH-30. Both are type-I integral membrane glycoproteins. The alpha subunit contains a putative fusion peptide typical of viral fusion proteins and the beta subunit contains a domain related to a family of soluble integrin ligands found in snake venoms. Thus, the PH-30 alpha/beta complex resembles many viral fusion proteins in both its membrane topology and its predicted binding and fusion functions.     

Oscillatory dependence of current-driven magnetic domain wall motion on current pulse length

Magnetic domain walls, in which the magnetization direction varies continuously from one direction to another, have long been objects of considerable interest. New concepts for devices based on such domain walls are made possible by the direct manipulation of the walls using spin-polarized electrical current through the phenomenon of spin momentum transfer. Most experiments to date have considered the current-driven motion of domain walls under quasi-static conditions, whereas for technological applications, the walls must be moved on much shorter timescales. Here we show that the motion of domain walls under nanosecond-long current pulses is surprisingly sensitive to the pulse length. In particular, we find that the probability of dislodging a domain wall, confined to a pinning site in a permalloy nanowire, oscillates with the length of the current pulse, with a period of just a few nanoseconds. Using an analytical model and micromagnetic simulations, we show that this behaviour is connected to a current-induced oscillatory motion of the domain wall. The period is determined by the wall's mass and the slope of the confining potential. When the current is turned off during phases of the domain wall motion when it has enough momentum, the domain wall is driven out of the confining potential in the opposite direction to the flow of spin angular momentum. This dynamic amplification effect could be exploited in magnetic nanodevices based on domain wall motion.     

钨掺杂对铷蓝青铜佩尔斯相变的影响

用电解还原法制备出了铷蓝青铜及其系列钨掺杂样品,实验研究表明:钨掺杂未改变铷蓝青铜单晶的晶体结构,但在佩尔斯相变温度(181 K)附近,纯铷蓝青铜出现电阻-温度曲线宽化行为,并发生金属到半导体的转变.当x=0.001时,钨掺杂铷蓝青铜Rb0.3Mo1-xWxO3呈金属性,出现平缓的佩尔斯相变;当x=0.003和0.020时,呈半导体态,其金属行为和佩尔斯相变消失.因此,引入钨在很大程度上抑制了佩尔斯相变及电荷密度波的形成,并导致佩尔斯相变温度下降和消失.     

垂直磁化纳米线中不同对称刻痕对磁畴壁振荡行为的影响

借助微磁模拟软件(OOMMF),利用具有不同对称刻痕的垂直磁化纳米线模型研究了CoPtCr合金在电流驱动下的磁畴壁振荡行为,重点分析了振荡区间、振荡频率、振荡振幅等参数与不同对称刻痕的关系。研究结果表明,振荡区间可以通过刻痕深度和刻痕形状进行调节;振荡频率随着电流增大呈线性增大且与刻痕形状关系不大,当刻痕达到一定深度后振荡频率会保持稳定不变;在相同模拟计算条件下,三角形对称刻痕对应的振荡振幅最大,圆弧形对称刻痕相应值次之,矩形对称刻痕相应值最小。     

Negative intrinsic resistivity of an individual domain wall in epitaxial (Ga,Mn)As microdevices

Magnetic domains, and the boundaries that separate them (domain walls, DWs), play a central role in the science of magnetism. Understanding and controlling domains is important for many technological applications in spintronics, and may lead to new devices. Although theoretical efforts have elucidated several mechanisms underlying the resistance of a single DW, various experiments report conflicting results, even for the overall sign of the DW resistance. The question of whether an individual DW gives rise to an increase or decrease of the resistance therefore remains open. Here we report an approach to DW studies in a class of ferromagnetic semiconductors (as opposed to metals) that offer promise for spintronics. These experiments involve microdevices patterned from monocrystalline (Ga,Mn)As epitaxial layers. The giant planar Hall effect that we previously observed in this material enables direct, real-time observation of the propagation of an individual magnetic DW along multiprobe devices. We apply steady and pulsed magnetic fields, to trap and carefully position an individual DW within each separate device studied. This protocol reproducibly enables high-resolution magnetoresistance measurements across an individual wall. We consistently observe negative intrinsic DW resistance that scales with channel width. This appears to originate from sizeable quantum corrections to the magnetoresistance.     

Research into a theoretical mode of coherent structures in the wall region of a turbulent boundary layer induced by a wall local disturbance

The idea of applying direct numerical simulation (DNS), a theoretical mode of coherent structures in the wall region of a turbulent boundary layer, has been discussed in the literature. The various aspects of the formation mechanism of the coherent structures agree well with both DNS and experimental results. In addition, a close relationship has been found between the evolutional characteristics and factors such as the magnitude and structural distribution of the wall local impulse disturbance, and the amount of energy a local disturbance introduces into the wall region. Moreover, these parameters play key roles in the formation of coherent structures near the wall region of a turbulent boundary layer. Therefore, the wall local impulse disturbance provides a theoretical model for triggering the formation of coherent structures in the wall region of a turbulent boundary layer.     

Tracking apex marine predator movements in a dynamic ocean

Pelagic marine predators face unprecedented challenges and uncertain futures. Overexploitation and climate variability impact the abundance and distribution of top predators in ocean ecosystems. Improved understanding of ecological patterns, evolutionary constraints and ecosystem function is critical for preventing extinctions, loss of biodiversity and disruption of ecosystem services. Recent advances in electronic tagging techniques have provided the capacity to observe the movements and long-distance migrations of animals in relation to ocean processes across a range of ecological scales. Tagging of Pacific Predators, a field programme of the Census of Marine Life, deployed 4,306 tags on 23 species in the North Pacific Ocean, resulting in a tracking data set of unprecedented scale and species diversity that covers 265,386 tracking days from 2000 to 2009. Here we report migration pathways, link ocean features to multispecies hotspots and illustrate niche partitioning within and among congener guilds. Our results indicate that the California Current large marine ecosystem and the North Pacific transition zone attract and retain a diverse assemblage of marine vertebrates. Within the California Current large marine ecosystem, several predator guilds seasonally undertake north-south migrations that may be driven by oceanic processes, species-specific thermal tolerances and shifts in prey distributions. We identify critical habitats across multinational boundaries and show that top predators exploit their environment in predictable ways, providing the foundation for spatial management of large marine ecosystems.     

铁磁自旋波对介观环中持续电流的影响：Ⅱ.Peierls失稳中magnon的作用

研究在Ｔｅｘｔｕｒｅ结构中自旋波的量子涨落（ｍａｇｎｏｎ）对具有Ｐｅｉｅｒｌｓ失稳性的介观环持续电流的影响，结果表明由于能隙的出现而使持续电流进一步的减少     

关于主理想整环上的矩阵

证明了主理想整环上任一对矩阵均有右最大公因子，任一对非奇异矩阵有左最小公倍，并且证明了主理想整环上任一个非奇异不可逆的矩阵可分解成有限个素矩阵之积。     

一类血吸虫病模型Hopf分支的频域分析

运用频域上的分支理论研究了一类血吸虫病传播模型的Hopf分支动态，严格证明了Hopf分支的存在性，运用四阶调和平衡方法推导出由Hopf分支产生的周期轨的近似解析表达式、频率和振幅。研究结果表明，被感染的钉螺由潜伏期进入易传染期的几率δ对人体内寄生虫数量有重要影响。     

Structure of the dimerized hormone-binding domain of a guanylyl-cyclase-coupled receptor

The atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) hormone is secreted by the heart in response to an increase in blood pressure. ANP exhibits several potent anti-hypertensive actions in the kidney, adrenal gland and vascular system. These actions are induced by hormone binding extracellularly to the ANP receptor, thereby activating its intracellular guanylyl cyclase domain for the production of cyclic GMP. Here we present the crystal structure of the glycosylated dimerized hormone-binding domain of the ANP receptor at 2.0-A resolution. The monomer comprises two interconnected subdomains, each encompassing a central beta-sheet flanked by alpha-helices, and exhibits the type I periplasmic binding protein fold. Dimerization is mediated by the juxtaposition of four parallel helices, arranged two by two, which brings the two protruding carboxy termini into close relative proximity. From affinity labelling and mutagenesis studies, the ANP-binding site maps to the side of the dimer crevice and extends to near the dimer interface. A conserved chloride-binding site is located in the membrane distal domain, and we found that hormone binding is chloride dependent. These studies suggest mechanisms for hormone activation and the allostery of the ANP receptor.     

长城土坯墙体建造技术研究——以河西地区土坯墙体为例

通过以河西地区土坯墙体为例,对长城土坯墙体分布环境、发展历史以及建造工序的研究,系统分析了长城土坯墙体的建造技术。同时,根据现场考古调查复原了当时土坯墙体修建的场景。对长城土坯墙体建造技术进行全面梳理,对研究长城墙体建造技术具有重要意义。