PA66/纳米MgO复合材料的性能研究

通过熔融共混法制备了尼龙66(PA66)/纳米氧化镁(nano-MgO)复合材料,通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了复合材料的结晶性能,通过热重法(TG)研究了复合材料的热稳定性,通过紫外可见光谱研究了复合材料的紫外屏蔽性能,对该复合材料的力学性能进行了测试,并用扫描电镜(SEM)对纳米MgO在复合材料中的分散情况进行了观测。研究结果表明,纳米MgO的引入可以促进PA66的结晶,并可提高PA66的热分解温度。纳米MgO的引入提高了PA66的紫外屏蔽性能,并提高了PA66的拉伸强度。纳米MgO含量在3%时PA66/纳米MgO复合材料的拉伸强度比纯PA66高10%。SEM照片显示纳米MgO在复合材料中分散均匀。     

纳米TiO_2对HIPS高性能化的改性研究

为使高抗冲聚苯乙烯 (HIPS)高性能化 ,该文通过对纳米TiO2 表面预处理及选择特定的高分子分散剂和母料法制备工艺制备了HIPS/纳米TiO2 复合材料。测试结果表明 ,在纳米TiO2 含量为 2 %时 ,复合材料的缺口冲击强度、拉伸强度及弹性模量上升至最大值 ,显示出纳米TiO2 对HIPS具有同时增强增韧效果 ,且复合材料的耐热性能、阻燃性能和抗热老化性能都得到提高 ,同时复合材料的流变行为和加工性能与原HIPS相近     

纳米TiO2对HIPS高性能化的改性研究

为使高抗冲聚苯乙烯（HIPS）高性能化,该文通过对纳米TiO2表面预处理及选择特定的高分子分散剂和母料法制备工艺制备了HIPS／纳米TiO2复合材料。测试结果表明,在纳米TiO2含量为2％时,复合材料的缺口冲击强度、拉伸强度及弹性模量上升至最大值,显示出纳米TiO2对HIPS具有同时增强增韧效果,且复合材料的耐热性能、阻燃性能和抗热老化性能都得到提高,同时复合材料的流变行为和加工性能与原HIPS相近。     

尼龙-6／纳米粒子复合材料制备及其性能研究

利用原位聚合方法制备了尼龙-6／纳米SiO2、尼龙6／纳米TiO2及尼龙6／碳纳米管复合材料;对复合材料的力学性能、软化温度进行测试,并对复合材料进行了IR分析;探讨了改性纳米粒子对复合材料力学性能的影响．结果表明：经钛酸酯偶联剂表面处理的纳米TiO2、经硅烷偶联剂处理的纳米SiO2及混酸处理的碳纳米管都可以在一定程度上提高尼龙6基体的拉伸强度和冲击强度;当复合材料中纳米SiO2质量分数为3％,或纳米TiO2质量分数为3％,或碳纳米管质量分数为1％时,其复合材料有较好的力学性能．     

熔融共混法尼龙66/CaCO_3复合材料性能研究

通过熔融共混法在双螺杆挤出机上制备了尼龙66/纳米CaCO_3复合材料,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、偏光显微镜(PLM)、热失重(TGA)和差示扫描量热(DSC)的表征方法研究了纳米碳酸钙对尼龙66/纳米CaCO_3复合材料的多晶行为和热性能的影响.结果表明:纳米碳酸钙粒子在尼龙66基体中分散不均,以团聚体的形式存在;纳米碳酸钙具有异相成核作用,能够使球晶的尺寸减小;尼龙66的分解温度为400℃,纳米CaCO_3的添加使分解温度降低.同时,DSC测试表明,材料中的β晶型使材料的熔融温度降低;添加在尼龙66基体中的纳米碳酸钙会导致结晶温度的降低和吸热峰半高宽的增加;冷却速率越大,结晶温度越低,结晶温度范围越宽.     

上浆剂对碳纤维增强尼龙66复合材料结构性能的影响

纤维表面上浆剂是复合材料界面性能乃至力学性能的重要影响因素.选用表面为环氧浆料的碳纤维(ERCF)和自配聚氨酯浆料的碳纤维(PUCF),分别与尼龙66(PA66)共混制备成碳纤维增强PA66复合材料(CFRPA66),并测试其相关性能.结果表明:在碳纤维体积分数相近时,由PUCF制备的CFRPA66比ERCF制备的CFRPA66拉伸强度、弯曲强度和缺口冲击强度分别提高了18.7%,20.5%和5.7%.研究结果证明了聚氨酯上浆剂对碳纤维和PA66的界面有更好的增强效果.     

纳米SiO_2/MC尼龙复合材料的制备与性能研究

本文采用原位聚合法制备纳米SiO_2/MC尼龙复合材料,并对纳米SiO_2在MC尼龙基体中的分散问题进行了探究.通过多种分析测试手段得出,经过表面改性的纳米SiO_2在基体中能够得到较好的分散,适量加入能够提升MC尼龙复合材料的强度、韧性和热稳定性.其中,加入疏水型纳米SiO_2,质量分数为0.3%时,拉伸强度提高了13.6%,弯曲强度提高了16.2%,缺口冲击强度增加了32.0%,断裂伸长率增加了31.0%.加入KH-560处理过的纳米SiO_2,质量分数为0.3%时,拉伸强度提高了16.8%,弯曲强度提高了14.4%,缺口冲击强度增加了39.0%,断裂伸长率增加了32.3%.     

纳米AL-20-3／尼龙6复合材料的制备及性能表征

无机纳米拉子的出现为MC、尼龙的改性曩供了新途径。本研究用原位分散聚合法制备了一系列AL-20—3／MC尼龙纳米复合材料,并对其结构和力学性能进行表征进行探讨。     

纳米磷灰石晶体/聚酰胺66复合材料的制备和界面研究

作者通过溶液法制备了纳米磷灰石晶体／聚酰胺66复合材料，用燃烧法测试了纳米磷灰石晶体在复合材料中的含量及其均一性，并用红外和拉曼光谱及X－射线衍射对复合材料的界面进行了初步研究。结果表明，纳米磷灰石晶体在复合材料中呈均匀分布，且在复合材料的两相界面间有新的化学键形成。     

AMNS/尼龙6纳米复合材料热学行为

采用熔融共混法制备了氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷表面修饰纳米二氧化硅(AMNS)/尼龙6复合材料(PAMNS),并采用热重分析及差示扫描量热法对获得PAMNS进行了详细研究.结果表明:AMNS的加入能显著提高尼龙6复合材料的热稳定性能,同时会导致尼龙6的结晶尺寸发生改变,结晶温度降低,但是对尼龙6复合材料的熔融行为则几乎没有影响.含不同氨基浓度的AMNS对复合材料热学性能的影响程度也不同,因此在采用AMNS作为填料时必须考虑其表面氨基浓度的影响.     

纳米改性氢氧化铝与包覆红磷协效阻燃尼龙66的研究

文中分别研究了纳米改性氢氧化铝 (CG-ATH)单独使用以及与包覆红磷协效阻燃尼龙66(PA66 )复合体系的阻燃性能和力学性能。将纳米CG-ATH和包覆红磷以不同比例添加到PA6-6中,制得复合材料。用氧指数法测定了复合体系的阻燃性能,此外还进行了拉伸和冲击性能测试。结果表明,包覆红磷与纳米CG-ATH具有一定的协同效应,当复合材料中PA66、包覆红磷和纳米CG-ATH的质量比为100∶13∶20时,该复合体系的氧指数为33,而只PA66和纳米CG-ATH的质量比为100∶40的 PA66复合体系的氧指数29.5,但是100g PA6 6中,只添加15g包覆红磷时,该复合体系的氧指数只有27,该协效阻燃体系的拉伸强度为79.3MPa,拉伸弹性模量为2182.3MPa,断裂伸长率为5.9% ,冲击强度为4.5kJ/m² 。因此,纳米改性氢氧化铝与包覆红磷的协同效应,实现了在无机阻燃剂添加量相对较少且保证 PA66本身力学性能的前提下,大幅度改善材料阻燃性能的要求。     

乳液共沉法制备NBR/NR/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的结构与性能

选用一种能够在水中分散良好的有机改性蒙脱土（OMMT）,采用乳液共沉法制备了NBR/NR/OMMT纳米复合材料,透射电镜观察显示制得了纳米复合材料。研究了纳米复合材料的力学性能、老化性能和耐油性能。测试结果表明,当OMMT用量为8份时,300%定伸应力和拉伸强度分别为4.89MPa和9.59MPa,与NBR/NR并用胶相比分别提高了84.5%和134%。当OMMT含量为8份时,老化后的纳米复合材料力学性能和耐油性能最优。     

低热膨胀PVDF/PA11/SiC纳米复合材料的结构与性能研究

具有高度尺寸稳定性的聚合物材料在众多领域有着广泛的应用前景.文章以PVDF/PA11共混物为基体、以纳米SiC为填料制备具有低热膨胀性的三元高分子纳米复合材料,系统研究了纳米SiC对PVDF/PA11共混物结构和性能的影响.结果表明:通过熔融共混制备的该三元复合体系具有独特的阶层式构造,在PVDF和PA11这两相结构中,纳米SiC只选择性地分散在PA11相中,而PVDF相中分散有少量PA11的纳米微区;同时,SiC的加入也可引起PVDF/PA11共混物结构的变化.尤为重要的是,纳米SiC能有效的降低共混物的热膨胀性能,提高材料的拉伸强度和拉伸模量.     

PET/SiO_2纳米复合材料的力学性能和结晶性能研究

采用熔融共混法,将纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)添加到聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)中,制备出PET/SiO2纳米复合材料,并对其力学和结晶性能进行研究。结果表明,添加微量纳米SiO2能显著提高PET材料的力学性能,纳米SiO2添加量为0.2质量份数时,纳米SiO2在PET基体中分散均匀,复合材料综合力学性能最佳,与纯PET相比,PET/SiO2纳米复合材料的缺口冲击强度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量分别提高了18%,20%,11%,14%;随着纳米SiO2添加量的增加,PET/SiO2纳米复合材料的结晶度和结晶温度有明显的提高。     

碳纳米管增强环氧树脂基复合材料的制备及其力学性能

通过对多壁碳纳米管进行表面处理,用超声分散和模具浇注成型法制备了碳纳米管/环氧树脂纳米复合材料。研究了碳纳米管含量和表面处理对碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料力学性能和断面形貌的影响,分析了碳纳米管对环氧树脂的增强机理。结果表明,随着碳纳米管含量的增加,碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度及模量先增加后减小;当碳纳米管的质量分数为0.5%时,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别达到最大值69.8MPa、136.9MPa和3.72GPa,比纯环氧树脂提高了33.9%、29.3%和4.8%;当碳纳米管的质量分数为1.5%时,拉伸模量达到最大值2050.5MPa,比纯环氧树脂提高了7.3%。     

POE-g-MAH增韧改性PA6的力学性能

研究了接枝马来酸酐的乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE-g-MAH）对增韧改性尼龙6（PA6）力学性能的影响结果表明：随着POE-g-MAH含量的增加,PA6的拉伸模量和强度及弯曲模量和强度均有所下降,但冲出强度和断裂仲长率均显著提高;增韧改性后PA6断面形貌明显成韧性断裂,且其熔体流动速率随POE-g-MAH含量增加而下降;当POE-g-MAH质量分数为25％时,增韧PA6的综合性能最佳,可用作PA柔性管材专用料。     

Effect of CNTs and nano ZnO on physical and mechanical properties of polyaniline composites applicable in energy devices

Polyaniline was synthesized chemically in an acidic medium in the presence of Ammonium Peroxydisulphate (APS) as an oxidizing agent. PANI(Polyaniline) nanocomposites were prepared in the presence of various amount of carbon nanotube and zinc oxide (from 1 to 5 wt%) by solution casting method. The free-standing film of polyaniline and its nanocomposites were obtained by vaporization of solvent content. The composition, morphology and structure of the polymer and the nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FT-IR spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image and XRD pattern. In addition, thermal stability was studied by TGA analysis, electrical conductivity was measured by four-point probe technique and mechanical properties were studied by tensile strength test. The characteristic FTIR peaks of PANI were found to shift to lower wave number in nanocomposites due to the formation of H-bonding. XRD results revealed that the crystallinity of PANI was more noticeable after addition of nano-ZnO, while the intensity of the peaks increased by the addition of ZnO nanoparticles. Furthermore, TGA results showed that the decomposition of the nanocomposite was less than that of pure polyaniline which confirms the successful fabrication of products. Young''s modulus and strength at break point were increased in the case of the nanocomposite, in addition, the electrical conductivity of the PANI/ZnO nanocomposite film was found to be smaller than that of the PANI film while CNTs increase the conductivity of polyaniline.     

水分对尼龙1010/6力学性能的影响

通过研究饱和吸水的尼龙1010/6系列共聚物力学性能,并与干燥状态进行对比,发现水分对尼龙1010/6共聚物力学性能有明显影响.水分的存在可以明显降低尼龙1010/6共聚物的杨氏模量、弯曲模量、屈服应力、屈服应变,增大断裂应变,而对断裂强度、断裂能以及冲击强度的影响较为复杂.     

Synthesis of PCL/MWCNT by One-Pot with Microwave-Assistant and Its Mechanical Properties

Polycaprolactone/multi-walled carbon nanotubes nano composite (PCL/MWCNT) was synthesized by a one-pot process with microwave-assistance. The fractured structures, crystalline behaviors and thermal properties of the nanocomposites were investigated with an electronic microscope, an X-ray diffraction device, an infrared spectroscopy, and a differential scanning calorimeter, respectively. A universal testing machine was used to study the mechanical properties of the composites. The results showed that when the content of MWCNT was 0.3 % (m/m), the tensile strength and elongation at break reached the maximum values, and increased from 7.5 MPa and 125 % of neat PCL to 14.8 MPa and 387 %, respectively. With an increase of the MWCNT content, the Young’s modulus continuously increased from 121.5 MPa of PCL to 285.6 MPa. When the MWCNT content was 0.5 % (m/m), the Young’s modulus was ca. 1.4 fold over that of neat PCL, indicating that the addition of MWCNT resulted in simultaneous enhancement of strength, toughness and modulus remarkably.     

Enhancement of the thermal and mechanical properties of polyurethane/ polyvinyl chloride blend by loading single walled carbon nanotubes

Structural, thermal, and mechanical properties of pure blend and nanocomposites based on polyurethane (PU) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) doped with low different content of single walled-carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were studied. The nanocomposites at different concentration were prepared via casting technique. The interaction between PU/PVC and CNTs were examined via FT-IR studies. The changes in the structures of the nanocomposites were examined using X- Ray Diffraction (XRD), and the results indicated that the amorphous domains of nanocomposites increased with increasing SWCNTs content. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation indicated that SWCNTs surface was wrapped with the polymer with the thermal properties of nanocomposites improved. The mechanical behavior of the nanocomposites was evaluated as a function of SWCNTs content. The main enhancement in tensile properties was observed, e.g., the tensile strength and elastic modulus increased compared with the pure blend, which may be attributed to the interaction and adhesion between CNTs and the polymer matrices due to the hydrogen bonding between carbonyl groups (C=O) of polymer blend chains and carboxylic acid (COOH) groups of CNTs.