In及In-1%Cu熔体团簇的"热收缩"现象

利用液态金属X射线衍射仪对纯In熔体及In 1 %Cu熔体分别在 2 80℃、390℃、5 5 0℃、65 0℃、75 0℃进行了实验研究 ,获得了二者的衍射强度、结构因子、双体分布函数、径向分布函数以及平均最近邻原子间距、原子配位数 .结果表明 ,随温度由 2 80℃升高到 75 0℃ ,两种熔体的平均最近邻原子间距r1 和原子配位数Ns都呈现出减小的趋势 ,原子团簇都出现“热收缩”现象 ,加 1 %Cu后的熔体团簇热收缩程度较之纯In熔体大 .在整个测试温度区间内两种熔体的热收缩都不是均匀的 ,而是在某个温度区间发生突变 ,收缩明显 ,纯In熔体的突变区间为390℃～ 5 5 0℃ ,In 1 %Cu熔体的突变区间为 2 80℃～ 390℃ ,加 1 %Cu后突变区间向低温转移     

Ｉｎ及Ｉｎ—Ｃｕ合金熔体的粘度研究

利用回转振动粘度仪对纯Ｉｎ、Ｉｎ—５％Ｃｕ合金及Ｉｎ—２０％Ｃｕ合金在液相线以上不同温度进行了粘度测量，实验结果表明，随温度升高，三种熔体的粘度都呈现减小趋势，且符合指数变化规律；纯Ｉｎ在４３０℃和４７０℃左右粘度出现异常变化，Ｉｎ—５％Ｃｕ合金在６００℃附近粘度值有突变，Ｉｎ—２０％Ｃｕ合金在测试温度范围内没有明显变化，粘度的突变表明了液体结构的转变；在Ｉｎ中加入５％Ｃｕ后，熔体的粘度值减小，而加入２０％Ｃｕ后，熔体的粘度值明显升高．     

Ｉｎ熔体的结构变化与粘度变化之间的联系

利用高温液态金属X射线衍射仪在280℃、390℃、550℃、650℃、750℃研究了In熔体的结构.实验结果表明,In熔体的平均最近邻原子间距和原子配位数随温度的升高而减小,原子团簇出现热收缩现象,且收缩在390～550℃温度区间内发生突变,收缩明显.利用回转振动粘度仪对In熔体在液相线以上不同温度进行了粘度测量,结果表明,随温度升高,In熔体的粘度降低,总体上呈现指数变化规律,在430℃和470℃附近出现异常变化.粘度出现异常变化的温度与其结构发生突变的区间一致,表明熔体粘度与熔体结构之间有着密切的联系.     

Sn-60%Bi合金熔体粘滞性研究

通过对Sn-60％Bi合金熔体的粘度的系统测量和分析．研究了Sn-60％Bi合金熔体的粘度随温度变化的规律和熔体结构的变化。结果表明,Sn-60％Bi合金熔体的粘度随温度的变化呈明显的不连续性,根据粘度的变化可以将熔体状态分为高温区、中温区和低温区,各温区间存在粘度突变温度点。在低温区和高温区之间可能存在着熔体结构的变化。     

Bi熔体的密度-温度特性

密度是重要的熔体结构敏感物性之一。纯Bi熔体的密度-温度曲线表明,随着温度的升高,密度值先升高,而后不均匀下降,在高出熔点34℃左右(大概在315℃处)密度出现最大值10．002 g·cm-3。Bi熔体密度的异常变化点与粘度异常变化点基本一致,且与DSC曲线上热效应峰基本对应。     

熔体过热对Sn-Cu焊料合金凝固组织及焊接性能的影响

以Sn-5Wt%Cu无铅焊料合金为研究对象,探索了熔体过热对合金熔体结构、凝固组织和焊接性能的影响.运用四探针电阻法发现合金熔体过热至758℃附近后发生了明显的不可逆结构突变;熔体过热处理后的金相组织观察表明,该不可逆结构转变使合金凝固组织明显细化和弥散化、合金焊接接头的界面化合物层变得更薄、且界面粗糙度也得到了一定的改善.在260℃左右的铜基板铺展实验中,焊料合金的铺展面积增大了5%,润湿角减小了13%,其润湿性有较大提高.     

Cu-Sn合金熔体的结构变化

利用高温熔体黏度仪和自主研制的液态金属磁化率测量仪测量了Cu₆₅Sn₃₅合金熔体的黏度、磁化率随温度的变化规律. 结果表明, 黏度和磁化率随温度的变化曲线均存在不连续点. 经过高温X射线衍射仪研究熔体结构, 发现在物性突变温度处合金熔体的相关半径、配位数也存在明显的变化, 这说明熔体的微观结构存在变化. 经分析认为在突变温度出现了类Cu₆Sn₅相的金属间化合物结构, 从而造成了结构的突变.     

匀晶系Sb_(95)Bi_5合金熔体的液态结构变化规律与机理研究

利用液态金属X射线衍射仪和液态金属电阻率测量设备,分析了不同温度下Sb95Bi5合金的熔体结构、团簇相关半径以及Sb95Bi5合金熔体在降温过程中电阻率随温度的变化规律。实验结果表明,Sb95Bi5合金熔体的原子团簇相关半径在700~675℃之间发生了明显的变化,电阻率温度系数在698℃也发生了相应的变化,表明合金熔体在该温度范围内发生了液态结构的变化,这是由于该熔体中原子团簇在降温过程中发生Peierls形变所致。     

InCu熔体结构的多度域分形分析

基于高温X射线衍射实验,利用多域分理论研究了InCu熔体内原子簇在不同温下时空特性,表征了InCu金熔体几构特征.果显示,In,In-1wt.%CuIn-20wt.%Cu熔体构是种部分重叠多域分构,InIn-1wt.%Cu低维分维数随着温升高而升高,In-20wt.%Cu熔体低维分维数随着温升高出现不规则变化,且分维数可作为构敏感参数反映金构变化.In-57wt.%Cu熔体构也存在分特性,但不存在多域特性.利用多域分模,计算了In,In-1wt.%CuIn-20wt.%Cu熔体多域分过区域原子个数,由模计算所lnN-lnr曲线与实验所致,lnN-lnr曲线最大误差不超过1.22%,多域分范围熔体构有着对应联系,测多域分过区域与熔体构特性有关.利用超微粒聚制释了熔体分貌.     

热溶预处理油煤浆的粘度变化

将神华煤与循环油混合油煤浆经不同热溶温度预处理后,研究了油煤浆粘度的变化情况及原因.研究发现:与未经热溶处理的油煤浆相比,经热溶处理的其粘度有所增大.在同一热溶温度处理后的油煤浆在测粘过程中,粘度随测量温度的升高而减小,并没有出现粘度峰,粘度(η)与测量温度(tM)的关系为η=Aexp[Eη/8.314 5×(273 tM)].而在同一测粘温度下,经不同热溶温度处理的油煤浆粘度变化情况却截然不同:在神华煤发生热分解反应之前(＜320℃),η基本上随热溶温度(tT)的升高呈直线增加,η=B ktT;在开始发生热解反应以后(＞320℃),粘度在370℃时出现了峰值,η=η0 2a/πw/4(tT-tηmax)2 w2.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has