含有非理想运放的开关电容网络的分析

本文提出了一种对含非理想运放的开关电容网络进行精确分析的方法,此法是以运放单极点模型为基础,建立 Z 域的非理想运放的两图模型,从而有效地对运放的有限直流增益及有限增益带宽的影响进行系统分析.本文方法适合对任意开关电容网络进行分析,且由于考虑了运放之间的反馈影响,能够得到比一般分析较精确的结果。文中所提出的方法已由软件(SCNAP—1)实现,其分析结果与有关文献结论一致.     

非理想开关电容网络的组元电荷状态变量分析法

针对运放的有限增益带宽乘积给SCN带来的非理想效应,引入了非理想运放的SC电路宏模型,定义了非理想运放负端组元割集,根据非理想SCN的连接特点,通过判断各SC积木块中电容支路两端节点的连接情况,在时域和频域分别推导出了非理想SCN的组元电荷状态方程,应用实例进行了仿真,两种方法的结果对比说明了本文算法的可行性.     

非理想开关电容网络的有效分析方法

针对寄生电容非灵敏SCN，定义了运放输入端组元割集，给出了用观察法形成组元电荷状态方程的运放输入端组元电荷状态变量法；提出了非理想运放的SC电路宏模型，将运放输入端组元电荷状态变量法扩展到非理想SCN，很好地解决了非理想SCN的分析问题。     

Delta Sigma调制器非理想因素建模

提出并构建了开关电容积分器Delta Sigma调制器非理想因素行为级模型,该模型基于Matlab中的Simulink工具,包含开关非线性、时钟抖动、量化器非线件和积分器非线性等调制器非理想囚素,能为电路模块的设计提供精确的设计指标.重点研究并实现一种运放非线性直流增益模型,仿真结果表明它能更有效反映奇次谐波失真.同时综合考虑调制器其他非理想因素,例如采样噪声、开关非线性电阻以及运放参数(色化噪声.增益带宽,摆率,饱和电压),仿真得到其对调制器性能的影响.     

全差分高增益运放的设计

在3．3V电源电压下采用中芯国际（SMIC）0．18μm混合信号CMOS工艺设计了一个单级全差分运算放大器．所设计的运放采用了增益提升技术,其主运放为一个带有开关电容共模反馈的全差分折叠-共源共栅运放,两个简单的连续时间共模反馈电路的运放作为辅运放用来提升主运放的开环增益．仿真结果表明,所设计的运放直流增益可达110dB,单位增益带宽为5MHz．     

应用于高性能流水线ADC运算放大器设计

随着电子技术迅猛发展,对模数转换器(ADC)在通信、图像处理等领域中的信号处理速度、精度的要求不断提升。流水线ADC作为高精度,高运行速度的模数处理模块,是影响流水线速度和精度的最关键因素。本文分析了3种传统的运放(套筒式、折叠式以及密勒补偿式运放)的基本性能,并对这3种运放做了设计和仿真结果比较;分析对单端运放和全差分运放的性能区别,在设计和仿真结果上进行对比分析;设计应用于流水线ADC的运放,即能满足性能(8 m A,90db,900 M,60o)要求的增益自举运放。     

集成运放非线性宏模型在SPICE程序的实现

采用较理想的非线性函数曲线拟合技术，对运放输入级大信号饱和非线性特性进行逼近，可较精确地实现通用电路分析程序ＳＰＩＣＥ对含运放非线性宏模型电路的模拟，编制了相应的拟合程序。分析结果说明本文方法令人满意。     

开关电容滤波器运放有限增益效应补偿

本文提出了运放增益为有限值时的SC电导和SC阻抗模型,用它们分析了运放有限增益对双二阶开关电容滤波器(SCF)性能的影响。提出了降低负反馈以补偿这些影响的原理及实现方法。该方法简明直观,不需要增加运放,可达到完全补偿,且适用于其它开关电容网络(SCN)的有限增益补偿。     

含有非理想运放SC滤波网络的计算机辅助分析

基于一种新的分析方法,本文导出了一种快速算法,实现了含非理想运算放大器的有源 SC 滤波网络的计算机辅助分析,给出了实例及结果.     

集成运放构成的4种负反馈放大电路性能分析

用方框图分析法分析了由集成运算放大器构成的4种负反馈放大器的性能，包括输入、输出电阻和增益。导出了可用工程计算和设计的一组近似公式。讨论了集成运放和电路元件参数对负反馈放大器的影响，并与理想运放分析得出的结果进行了比较。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the