CnP2+(n=1～7)团簇结构与能量的密度泛函研究

使用分子图形软件设计出多种CnP2 (n=1～7)的结构模型,并进行B3LYP密度泛函几何构型优化和振动频率计算.通过总能量的比较,最稳定的构型是具有D∞h对称性的线性结构.当n为奇数时团簇具有类似的聚炔结构性质,而n为偶数的团簇具有类似的累积二烯烃结构性质.电离能曲线具有明显地奇偶变化的规律,说明了n为奇数的团簇分子比n为偶数团簇稳定,这与激光质谱图的奇强偶弱的实验结果相符合.     

Ag12Y团簇三种可能构型的电子结构和磁性研究

应用密度泛函理论和广义梯度近似方法研究Ag12 Y团簇的稳定性、电子结构和磁性,计算了键长、束缚能、最高占据轨道、最低占据轨道、磁矩和电子分布．结果表明：Ag12 Y团簇稳定性比对应的Ag12团簇高,替代中心原子比替代表面原子更稳定,Oh构型的Ag12 Y为最稳定结构;计算的7个Ag12 Y团簇外层电子均为闭壳层结构,具有较好的化学稳定性;Ag12 Y磁性与替代原子位置和团簇对称性有关,Ih构型和替代表面原子形成的C5v构型具有局域磁性,Cs、C2v构型和替代中心原子形成的C5v构型磁矩为0．     

MSn_（10）（M=Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni）团簇的稳定性和磁性研究

采用密度泛函理论（density functional theory,DFT）中的广义梯度近似（generalized gradient approximation,GGA）对Sn11团簇的4种同分异构体（对称性分别为D5h,D5d,D4h,D4d）的几何结构、电子结构计算研究,得出对称性为D5d的团簇最稳定.将Sn11团簇的中心原子替换成过渡金属原子成为MSn10（M=Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni）团簇,对其稳定性和磁性进行了分析.在Sn11团簇中将中心原子替换成过渡金属原子后,束缚能都变小了,说明过渡金属原子的替换提高了原锡团簇的稳定性,其中NiSn10团簇的束缚能最小,稳定性最强.过渡金属原子都具有一定的磁性,当把这些原子掺入锡团簇后,过渡金属原子的磁性都有所减弱,其中MSn10（M=Sc,Ti,V,Ni）团簇的磁性完全消失,其原因在于掺杂后,团簇中各原子的电荷分布发生了变化.     

MSn10(M=Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni)团簇的稳定性和磁性研究

采用密度泛函理论(density functional theory,DFT)中的广义梯度近似(generalized gradient approximation,GGA)对Sn11团簇的4种同分异构体(对称性分别为D5h,D5d,D4h,D4d)的几何结构、电子结构计算研究,得出对称性为D5d的团簇最稳定.将Sn11团簇的中心原子替换成过渡金属原子成为MSn10(M=Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni)团簇,对其稳定性和磁性进行了分析.在Sn11团簇中将中心原子替换成过渡金属原子后,束缚能都变小了,说明过渡金属原子的替换提高了原锡团簇的稳定性,其中NiSn10团簇的束缚能最小,稳定性最强.过渡金属原子都具有一定的磁性,当把这些原子掺入锡团簇后,过渡金属原子的磁性都有所减弱,其中MSn10(M=Sc,Ti,V,Ni)团簇的磁性完全消失,其原因在于掺杂后,团簇中各原子的电荷分布发生了变化.     

密度泛函研究Pb_(12)团簇的结构和电子性质

用密度泛函理论研究了Pb12团簇几种异构体的原子结构和电子性质,发现基态是形变二十面体笼结构,而完好的高对称性(Ih)二十面体结构是能量非常接近基态的亚稳态.高对称性团簇形成稀疏离散的电子态密度和大的电子能隙.     

小Al-Ni合金团簇的结构

本文连用了基于紧束鳟模型的Gupta多体势,采用遗传算法研究了团簇的原子数目为13和19以及21的Al-Ni混合团簇的基态构形.将Al团簇中的一个或多个Al原子替其成Ni原子,Aln团簇的基态构形转化为象Ni团簇一样规则的,具有高对称性的结构.当替换的Ni原子数目增加时,混合团簇会形成一些复杂结构.     

CnP2＋（n=1～7）团簇结构与能量的密度泛函研究

使用分子图形软件设计出多种CnP2^ (n=1～7)的结构模型，并进行B3LYP密度泛函几何构型优化和振动频率计算、通过总能量的比较．最稳定的构型是具有D∞h对称性的线性结构．当n为奇数时团簇具有类似的聚炔结构性质，而n为偶数的团簇具有类似的累积二烯烃结构性质．电离能曲线具有明显地奇偶变化的规律，说明了n为奇数的团簇分子比n为偶数团簇稳定．这与激光质谱图的奇强偶弱的实验结果相符合．     

铂金团簇结构与稳定性的密度泛函研究

采用随机踢球全局优化模型结合密度泛函理论系统,研究了Pt^λ_n(2≤n≤9,λ=0,-1)团簇的几何结构等微观性质,以及这些性质随着团簇尺寸变化的关系与演化规律.通过对计算结果理论的分析发现:中性与阴性团簇的基态构型在所研究的尺寸范围内更倾向于具有低对称性的三维立体结构;体系的平均结合能均随着铂金原子个数的增多而增大,阴性团簇平均结合能比相应的中性大;所有电荷态下团簇的离解能、二阶拆分能都随着铂金原子个数的增加呈现出明显的奇偶交替现象.结果表明:阴性的奇数团簇的稳定性要强于与之相邻的偶数团簇的稳定性;相反,中性团簇下偶数团簇的稳定性比奇数团簇强.     

Pt-Ni合金团簇的结构与磁性的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算程序包VASP(Vienna ab-initio Simulation Package)对Pt13,Ni13及Pt-Ni合金二十面体团簇进行了计算机模拟研究.研究表明,Pt13和Ni13团簇显现出完美的Ih(正二十面体)对称性,Pt13团簇的磁矩为2.13μB,Ni13团簇的平均原子磁矩也比其体块的原子磁矩有所增大.对Pt-Ni合金团簇,Pt原子倾向于偏析到团簇表面,团簇的平均最近邻键长随着Ni原子数目的增多而单调减小,总磁矩可通过Ni含量的变化而进行调制.     

中等正离子硅团簇的稳定结构及结构演变

用全势能线性muffin-tin轨道分子动力学（FP-LMTO-MD）方法与单亲基因进化算法相结合,对正离子Si11-30团簇的几何结构和电子结构进行了研究。对于正离子Si11-20团簇,结果与以前报道的相一致,但发现了一些与基态结构几乎一样稳定的同质异构体结构。特别是用上述方法找到了正离子Si21-30团簇的基态结构。尽管这些基态结构很可能与中性团簇的不同,但是它们大部分与中性团簇一样含有三帽三棱柱（TTP）子单元结构。当n〈25时,正离子团簇的长形结构比球状结构稳定,当n=25时,致密的球形结构比长形结构稳定,但当n=26和27时,球形结构与长形结构的稳定性发生逆转,而结构真正转化的大小发生在n=28。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that