综合模糊识别下的黄土边坡断面优化

根据影响黄土路堑边坡断面设计的经济性、安全可靠性、抗冲刷性、施工技术的成熟性及环保性等5个指标，建立边坡断面设计各指标的模糊判断矩阵，将定性指标转换为模糊值。有效组合主、客观权重，建立了基于主客观权重综合模糊识别的边坡断面优化决策模型。计算结果表明：该模型能避免决策或评价结果的主观随意性，减少了目标的客观权重与实际情况之间的误差。符合人工决策的一般过程，较易体现专家的意见和边坡的客观实际情况，有利于提高路堑边坡断面优化的决策精度。     

基于主客观赋权的企业专利组合质量评价

为解决质量视角下企业专利组合的评价问题，结合三角模糊数、多目标优化法和两阶段优化法提出了一个企业专利组合质量评价模型。从规模性、创新性、稳定性、经济性和战略性5个方面选取企业专利组合质量的评价指标，采用三角模糊数和多目标优化方法计算指标的主观权重，采用两阶段优化方法计算指标的客观权重，通过主客观赋权确定指标的综合权重。随后根据指标评价值和指标权重对专利组合质量进行排序，并将提出的模型应用于动力电池企业的专利组合评估。研究结果表明：该方法综合了专家决策信息和客观数据，可对企业专利组合进行有效评估。     

运用最小二乘法确定后评估指标权重的方法

为了克服在投资项目后评估中确定指标权重时主观性强的弊端,提出了一种通过最小二乘法确定指标权重的优化方法。该方法在对指标有偏好信息及客观熵信息输出权重的基础上,以最小二乘法为工具,建立指标权重确定模型,应用于实践可以使后评估工作决策更加准确客观、真实有效。克服了后评估过程中确定指标权重时主观性强的弊端,提高了判决准确性和科学性,具有实际应用价值。     

基于可变模糊识别模型的争岗堆积体稳定性评价

堆积体边坡稳定性直接关系着工程建设的施工与运营安全.基于可变模糊集理论构建的可变模糊识别模型以及指标稳定性分级标准构建堆积体边坡稳定性评价体系;应用向量夹角余弦定理的概念定义指标权重可信度（剔除可信度低的权重向量）,将所得指标权重带入堆积体稳定性评价体系中,实现堆积体边坡稳定性评价.考虑影响堆积体边坡稳定性的4个一级指标12个二级指标构建堆积体边坡评价指标稳定性分级标准.以争岗堆积体边坡为例,根据地质勘查情况及相关分析资料,应用可变模糊识别模型对其在暴雨工况下的稳定性进行评价.结果表明：争岗堆积体边坡的稳定性等级特征值为3.432,稳定性等级属于Ⅳ级,说明堆积体处于较不稳定的状态,评价结果与工程实际情况吻合.     

经济区划时确定中心城市模糊模式识别模型

依据经济区划时“中心城市“概念的模糊性，按区域范围内全体城市样本对于各标准模式间的加权广义欧氏距离平方和最小建立目标函数，提出确定中心城市的模糊模式识别模型。提出客观确定多目标指标权重的模糊决策分析法，通过确定指标对模糊概念“双重性“的相对隶属度来确定目标权重，避免了权重确定的主观性。计算实例表明，建立的模型物理意义明确，模式识别结果符合实际。     

广东地区花岗岩风化残积土路堑边坡的冲刷稳定性模糊评价

广东省境内花岗岩分布广泛,风化残积土路堑边坡坡面冲刷严重．文中分析了广东省境内花岗岩风化残积土路堑边坡冲刷稳定性的影响因素,据此选定坡面冲刷稳定性模糊评价的评价因素及其隶属函数,建立合理的模糊评价模型．采用模糊评价方法对广东省英德地区典型花岗岩风化残积土路堑边坡工程实例进行坡面冲刷稳定性评价,以验证所提出的方法的有效性．结果表明：花岗岩路堑边坡未经加固处理时,坡面冲刷稳定性差;通过坡面土质改良和坡面框架植草防护后,抗冲刷稳定性显著提高;路堑边坡冲刷稳定性的模糊评价方法具有较广的适用性．     

基于Fuzzy-AHP的膨胀土边坡稳定性多级综合评判

为快速有效评价运营期高速公路膨胀土边坡稳定性并采取科学的预防性养护对策,考虑评价模型的科学性与公路边坡养护的可操作性,总结现有国内外膨胀土边坡研究成果,选择反映公路膨胀土边坡特点的边坡稳定性指标,建立膨胀土边坡稳定性分析的Fuzzy-AHP分析模型。Fuzzy-AHP模型由2级4类14项评价指标组成,包括:坡体状况(边坡高度、坡度、土性、裂隙深度);水力及气象特征(渗流、输水设施、降雨强度、地下水位);防护及加固措施(防护结构状况、加固结构状况、植被覆盖率);其他因素(开挖方式、破坏历史、地震)。该模型基于Fuzzy理论(模糊数学)及AHP层次分析权重确定方法,通过AHP方法确定指标权重,然后结合模糊分析理论计算各指标的相对隶属度向量,通过模糊综合评判对膨胀土边坡的稳定性进行分析,确定相应边坡稳定性等级,最后通过工程实例验证该模型的正确性。研究结果表明:应用该模型可以使膨胀土边坡稳定性评价更全面,更科学合理,更符合公路边坡工程实际;该方法简便可行,结论可靠,具有一定的优越性,可为相关部门膨胀土边坡养护决策提供参考。     

直角坐标机器人设计方案的灰色模糊综合评价

文章分析了影响直角坐标机器人性能的各种指标和因素,构建了直角坐标机器人综合评价的指标体系。运用灰色理论和模糊数学的基本概念和方法,建立起直角坐标机器人设计方案的灰色模糊评价模型。通过熵权法确定元素的权重,使决策更具有科学性。利用该模型对设计实例的设计方案进行分析,评价结果符合实际情况,表明该评价模型能够客观地反映各设计方案的总体性能。     

一种犹豫模糊集多属性群决策模型及应用

针对犹豫模糊集多属性群决策问题,从点坐标的角度出发设置了一类决策算法,更改了犹豫模糊集的表示方法,在此情形下建立了判断2个犹豫模糊元的大小比较规则与测度2个犹豫模糊元的距离模型,分别建立了计算决策专家客观权重、综合权重和属性的个体权重、整体权重以及综合权重的计算方法。在不同的决策专家权重类别与属性权重类别下,利用Maclaurin对称平均算子对犹豫模糊元进行集结以获取各方案的综合属性值进行排序。数值算例分析表明,利用点坐标建立的决策算法能够达到有效排序方案目的,同时,根据不同的决策专家权重类别与属性权重类别建立的9种决策模型得出的方案排序结果差异明显,说明决策专家权重类别与属性权重类别对决策结果的影响不容忽视,在具体的犹豫模糊集多属性群决策问题中,决策者应根据实际问题需要选择适当的决策模型,以更好地满足决策需求。     

基于信息熵模糊物元的公路边坡支护方案优选研究

公路边坡支护方案的评价和选择是一个由造价、工期、技术可靠性、支护效果以及环境协调性等因素组成的复杂系统的综合决策问题。本文在构建边坡支护方案评价指标体系的基础上,采用集值统计法进行指标量化;然后根据信息熵和模糊物元理论构建了评价模型,模糊物元解决了指标信息不相容问题,用信息熵推求指标权重,使得权重的分配更客观、准确,消除了人为人因素的干扰,在确定熵权的过程对已有的信息熵计算进行了修正,增加了模型的适用性和准确性;最后通过某高速公路边坡支护方案的评价算例验证了模型的可行性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that