甲酰基异长叶烯的合成新方法和产物的分离

报道了由２－羟甲基异长叶环烷和２－羟甲基异长叶烯直接用过量１００％的铬酸溶液，于０℃，在氮气中进行反应的合新方法，介绍了用梯度洗脱柱色谱分离了２－甲酰基异长叶环烷和２－甲酰基异长叶烯的方法。     

异长叶烯Prins反应及其产物的分离

探讨了异长叶烯的Prins反应条件及其产物的分离．异长叶烯的Prins反应产物主要有两种,这两种化合物很难分离,该文用柱层析成功地把这两种化合物分离出来,纯度可达97．2％．     

异长叶烯的制备工艺研究

通过比较几种Lewis酸对长叶烯异构化反应的催化效果,选择了LS-98作为长叶烯异构化反应的较为理想的催化剂。通过对异构化反应的温度、反应时间和溶剂用量等条件对比试验,选择了长叶烯异构化反应的工艺:以冰乙酸为溶剂,LS-98为催化剂,在30～40℃温度下反应3～4小时,90％以上的长叶烯转化为异长叶烯。     

4—甲基—5—烯—庚腈氧化物分子内环加成反应的立？…

用过渡状态理论和量子化学ＡＭ１方法，对４－甲基－５－烯－庚腈氧化物环加成反应机理进行了研究。结果表明，虽然存在得到２种产物的平行反应，但由于２个反应的速率数比很大，基本上只得到单一的反式产物，４－甲基－５－烯－庚腈氧化物立体专一选择性不仅由活化焓测定，还与活化熵有关。     

西松烯内酯的合成研究：II.中间体苏式—7—羟基—3…

以香叶醇为原料经过４步反应得到８－溴－３，７－二甲基－（２Ｅ，６Ｅ）－辛二烯基苯硫醚（７），（７）与龙牛醛在Ｃｒ（Ⅱ）作用下立体选择地得到苏式－７－羟基－３，９，１３－三甲基－６－异丙烯基－（２Ｅ，８Ｅ，１２）－十四碳三烯苯硫醚。     

莰烯合成甲基丙烯酸异冰片基氧乙基酯的研究

以莰烯、乙二醇、甲基丙烯酸甲酯为原料,经过醚化和酯交换反应合成了光固化涂料用活性稀释剂甲基丙烯酸异冰片基氧乙基酯(IBOEMA),采用GC-MS、IR等分析手段对合成产物的结构进行了分析测定.在莰烯与乙二醇的醚化过程中,以A-15作醚化催化剂,探讨了A-15用量、乙二醇与莰烯的物质量之比、反应温度、反应时间等对异冰片基羟乙基醚得率的影响.采用正交试验确定了异冰片基羟乙基醚的适宜合成条件:催化剂A-15的用量为6.0％,反应温度90℃,反应时间9h,乙二醇与莰烯的物质量之比为3.5∶1.0.在此条件下,莰烯转化率、反应选择性及产物得率分别达79％、93％和74％以上.在异冰片基羟乙基醚酯交换合成IBOEMA过程中,以环己烷为溶剂,反应在回流状态下进行,探讨了催化剂种类及用量、异冰片基羟乙基醚与甲基丙烯酸甲酯物质的量之比、反应时间、阻聚剂的种类和用量等对IBOEMA得率的影响.通过正交试验确定了异冰片基羟乙基醚与甲基丙烯酸甲酯酯交换反应的适宜工艺条件:以环己烷为溶剂进行回流反应,环己烷与异冰片基羟乙基醚物质的量之比为37∶1,甲基丙烯酸甲酯与异冰片基羟乙基醚的物质量之比为1.25∶1.00,催化剂KOH的用量为3％,反应时间8h,吩噻嗪用量为1％.在此条件下,异冰片基羟乙基醚的转化率、反应选择性及产物得率分别达91％、93％和85％以上.     

双咪唑,三咪唑的选择性2—位羟甲基化反应

双咪唑，三咪唑与甲醛水溶液在封管内于１２０～１４５℃进行选择性的２－位羟甲基化反应，制得双（羟甲基）双咪唑和三（羟甲基）三咪唑产物，它们的结构经ＭＳ，＾１ＨＮＭＲ和元素分析证实。     

西松烯内酯的合成研究Ⅲ．苏式－7，14－二羟基－3，9，13－三甲基－6－异丙烯基－（2E，8E，12E）－十四碳三烯苯硫醚的合成

本文报道苏式－７，１４－二羟基－３，９，１３－三甲基－６－异丙烯基－（２Ｅ，８Ｅ，１２Ｅ）－十四碳三烯苯硫醚（８）的２条合成路线，路线１以溴化物（３）和牛儿醛为原料，经缩合，基团保护、氧化和去保护基四步反应合成（８），总产率２４％，路线２则经氧化和缩合两步反应得到（８），总产率４８％。     

西松烯内酯的合成研究Ⅲ.苏式—7,14—二羟基—3,9…

本报道苏式－７，１４－二羟基－３，９，１３－三甲基－６－异丙烯基－（２Ｅ，８Ｅ，１２Ｅ）－十四碳三烯苯硫醚（８）的２条合成路线。路线１以溴化物（３）和牛儿醛为原料，经缩合，基团保护，氧化和去保护基四步反应合成（８），总产率２４％。路线２则经氧化和缩合两步反应得到（８），总产率４８％。     

制备异长叶烷酮的改进方法

本文介绍了一种制备异长叶烷酮的改进方法.长叶异构成异长叶烯后不需分离,即可用30%的过氧化氢氧化,产物含饱和酮70%以上,不含不饱和的异长叶烷酮.饱和酮包括α和β两种异构体.β异构体可差向异构化成α异构体.α异构体是更稳定的香精配料.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with