中心口锥底料罐中离散颗粒卸料特性的实验与仿真研究

为了研究颗粒物料在中心口圆锥底料罐中的卸料特性,采用离散单元法建立颗粒力学模型,在EDEMTM软件平台上构建半罐模型进行仿真分析,并通过实验来检测其精度。在此基础上进行整罐卸料仿真,研究料罐半锥角、颗粒形状和材质等因素对卸料过程的影响。结果表明,所建的离散单元力学模型和仿真模型比较准确地描述了颗粒卸料过程;随着料罐半锥角的减小,颗粒间的挤压力逐渐增大,颗粒轴向速率逐渐加快,相应缩短了卸料时间;球形颗粒密度越大时,颗粒间挤压力越大,卸料速率也越高;与球形颗粒相比,立方体颗粒间的挤压力更大,其在卸料口处的轴向速率相对较慢,所需卸料时间更多。     

烧结余热回收竖罐内料层传热过程数值计算

罐体料层内气固传热过程是决定罐式回收是否可行的主要因素之一.采用Comsol Multiphysics软件,基于稳定传热前提下,计算了罐体料层内气固传热过程,研究竖罐内的传热规律.研究结果表明:气固比和料层高度是影响料层气固传热的最主要因素,随着气料比增加,烧结矿和气体出口温度逐渐降低,气体所携带的值呈现出先增加后减小的趋势;随着料层高度增加,气料比逐渐下降,气体出口温度逐渐增加,气体携带的值呈现先增大后减小的趋势.针对国内某典型360m2烧结机,配套单罐体,料层高度6～7m,气料比为1 500～1 650m3/t;配套双罐体,料层高度5～6m,气料比为1 360～1 550m3/t.     

烧结烟气SO_2浓度分布规律及影响因素分析

根据混合料烧结过程SO_2的吸收-放出机理,建立了烧结烟气SO_2浓度分布计算模型,以国内某360 m2烧结机为例,研究了在烧结机带长方向上料层高度、台车运行速率、混合料配碳量和含水量对烟气SO_2浓度分布的影响.研究结果表明:烧结烟气SO_2浓度在带长方向上呈Cubic函数规律分布,SO_2浓度峰值点的位置随混合料配碳量的增加及料层高度、台车运行速率和混合料含水量的减少而前移,且前3种因素的变化对SO_2浓度分布影响较明显;在混合料含水率一定(7%)的情况下,控制料层高度在650~700 mm之间,台车运行速率和混合料配碳量分别约为2.3 m/min和3%,烧结机运行方向上约前1/3段的SO_2浓度低于200 mg/m~3.     

不同锥角的直动式溢流阀稳态液动力分析

为了降低稳态液动力对比例溢流阀性能的影响,分析了阀座带锥角和阀芯带锥角两种比例溢流阀的基本结构方案,利用PRO/E建立两种结构下不同锥角的流道模型.通过计算流体动力学(CFD)流场仿真软件对不同阀座与阀芯锥角的锥阀口流场进行数值模拟,分析不同锥角阀口的压力流场分布.对不同结构、不同锥角情况下的稳态液动力进行分析,结果表明:阀座带锥角比阀芯带锥角的结构稳态液动力减小了35%~60%;当阀座半锥角为32.5°,阀芯半锥角为30°时,稳态液动力最小.     

抽水井辅助水平井降压开采南海水合物数值模拟

针对降压开采南海低渗透非封闭性天然气水合物储层时出现的低产气量和高产水量问题,基于我国南海SH7站位水合物藏地质条件,采用Tough+Hydrate软件开展单水平井和抽水井辅助水平井降压开采水合物数值模拟。首先,研究不同渗透特性盖层条件下单水平井的产气和产水行为,并初步确定抽水井的钻孔布设位置,随后,分析抽水井辅助水平井降压开采的产气和产水特征,进一步确定抽水井的最优布设位置和最佳抽水速率。研究结果表明：单水平井降压开采过程中孔隙水侵入限制低压区扩展是出现低产气量和高产水量的主要原因;下伏层渗透性高、上覆层封闭性强的储层更有利于水合物开采,故初步确定将抽水井布设在上覆层;抽水井的临界抽水速率和井口压力受井距控制,井距越大,临界抽水速率越大,临界井口压力越小;抽水井布设在距水合物层顶部10 m处,即井距为21 m,抽水速率为0.35 kg/s下的抽水井辅助水平井降压开采模式可达到最佳开采效果,与单水平井相比,生产井的产气量提高了39.1%,产水量降低了17.4%。     

泥层高度对细粒全尾浓密规律的影响

 深锥浓密机是膏体制备的关键设备,而泥层高度影响着浓密机内部料浆沉降速度和压密浓度。通过量筒静态沉降试验发现,扰动区料浆沉降速度最快,无明显规律;沉降区料浆高度越高,沉降速度越快;压密区为匀速沉降。采用动态搅拌装置,对不同泥层高度料浆浓密规律进行探究。结果表明,当泥层高度一定时,料浆浓度的变化速率随着压密时间的增加而逐渐减小,6h内料浆浓度变化最快,压密效率最高,当压密时间达到12h时,极限质量分数变化很小;在相同压密时间下,不同泥层高度下料浆极限质量分数范围为71.23%—74.43%。经分析,该料浆质量分数达到70%以上时,极限质量分数值与高径比呈线性正相关。因此,泥层高度是影响底流浓度大小的一个重要因素。     

单螺杆制冷压缩机单滑阀能量调节机构的几何特性分析

为了分析单螺杆制冷压缩机单滑阀能量调节机构的工作特性,基于压缩机的工作过程确定了滑阀在不同负荷下的特征角度,得到了不同负荷下任意转角位置处的有效旁通面积和有效排气孔口面积。分析了旁通口初始位置与排气口初始位置对有效旁通面积、有效排气口面积、气量调节范围和内容积比调节的影响。结果表明:旁通口初始位置越靠近排气端,滑阀在相同的轴向位移下所能调节的气量范围越大,当旁通口初始位置向排气端移动的距离从0增加到15mm时,气量调节范围增大了20%;排气孔口初始位置影响排气开始时间及内容积比,当排气口初始位置向排气侧移动的距离从0增加到15mm时,排气开始角延迟了10°,内容积比增大至2.25倍。通过对单滑阀调节机构几何特性的分析,为今后滑阀调节过程的研究以及滑阀的优化设计提供了基础。     

液滴在燃煤细颗粒表面凝结的长大动力学特性

为了研究液滴在燃煤细颗粒表面的长大动力学特性,实验测量了水在不同燃煤细颗粒表面的接触角θ,考虑液滴在燃煤细颗粒表面长大的2种作用机制:细颗粒表面水汽的直接扩散凝结和颗粒表面吸附水扩散凝结,对燃煤细颗粒表面单液滴的长大动力学进行了研究.数值讨论了燃煤细颗粒粒径、蒸汽过饱和度、蒸汽温度、液滴半径和颗粒表面润湿性对单液滴在燃煤细颗粒表面长大速率的影响.结果表明:当颗粒粒径小于0.5μm时,液滴的长大速率随着燃煤细颗粒的增大迅速增大,当粒径大于0.5μm时,长大速率随着粒径的增大缓慢增长;液滴的长大速率随着过饱和度上升呈指数倍增长,但是随着蒸汽温度的上升而呈现下降的趋势;液滴的长大速率开始随着液滴半径的增大而急剧下降,长大到某一半径后下降的趋势变缓;当0≤cosθ≤0.8时,长大速率随着润湿角余弦值的增大而平缓地增大,当0.8≤cosθ≤1时,长大速率会随着润湿角余弦值的增大而急剧增大.     

基于虚拟双目视觉的锥阀振动测试

液压阀阀芯附近介质流量变化导致的阀芯振动对锥阀的稳定性和使用寿命有重要影响。为了探究锥阀的三维振动特性,文中提出了一种基于虚拟双目视觉的可视化实验方法,并获得了阀芯振动的图像序列。通过对阀芯轮廓拟合得出了阀芯几何顶点的空间坐标值,提高了阀芯位置的测量精度。通过分析不同出入口压力、弹簧刚度等条件下的阀芯振动特性,发现阀芯振动的空间范围和冲击程度与液压系统运行状况和阀芯结构密切相关。入口压力从3.2 MPa增大至4.4 MPa时,阀芯振动逐渐加剧,离散度增大;预压缩量从14 mm增大至17 mm时,阀芯振动趋于平稳,离散度减小;此外,随着弹簧刚度和阀芯半锥角的增大,阀芯振动的离散度也呈现出先减小后增大的趋势,且其最小值分别在弹簧刚度为2N/mm和阀芯半锥角为30°时出现。在阀芯振动的沿轴向、正面和侧面3个方向的投影中,侧面径向振动的波形因子大于正面径向的波形因子,而轴向振动的波形因子最小。波形因子的变化趋势与离散度的变化趋势一致,阀芯振动的离散度和波形因子呈正相关关系,且在阀芯半锥角为30°、弹簧刚度为2N/mm时的波形因子最小。文中研究结果可以为锥阀结构的液压阀的结构设计提供理论支撑,从...     

GY8果园喷雾机喷雾特性研究

研究了GY8果园喷雾机的喷雾压力、测点位置、风机转速对雾滴粒径的影响,以及冠层位置、喷雾机行驶速度对雾滴覆盖率和穿透性的影响.结果表明:喷雾压力和测点位置是影响雾滴粒径的主要因素,果树高度、树冠密实度和喷雾机行驶速度是影响雾滴覆盖率和穿透性的主要因素.雾滴粒径随喷雾压力增大而减小,雾滴在风力输送过程中,雾滴过大易沉降,过细则易飘失,但在2～3m距离内雾流稳定,且雾滴粒径D50(体积中径)在200 μm左右,风机转速对雾滴粒径影响很小.各冠层位置的叶片背向覆盖率均远小于面向覆盖率.对于树形较大的果树,雾滴覆盖率随冠层高度增加而减小,各层分布很不均匀;对于树高小于3 m的果树,各层分布均匀且覆盖率较高.3种果树不同垂直层面雾滴覆盖率均随喷雾深度增加而减小.雾滴覆盖率随喷雾机行驶速度增加而减小,行驶速度增加1倍时,不同冠层高度和冠层不同垂直层面覆盖率分别平均减小31.8％和44.3％;当喷雾机行驶速度为0.5 m/s时,雾滴具有更好的穿透性,果树可获得更大的雾滴覆盖率.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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