短纤维强力的概率分布分析

纤维强力对于纱线乃至织物来说都是一个重要的性能，而纤维的强力有一定分布。这里对羊毛、绢丝、棉、亚麻、腈纶、涤纶、芳纶、玻璃纤维、碳纤维等9种纤维的强力进行了测试和统计分布拟合。发现棉、腈纶、涤纶、芳纶和碳纤维的强力严格符合二参数的Weibull分布，而羊毛、绢丝的强力则符合三参数的Weibull分布，而亚麻的强力用两种     

Comfort of Light-weight Wool and Wool Blend Woven Fabrics

The comfort of the light-weight woven fabrics was investigated by conducting the wear trials under the controlled climatic conditions. The wear trial under the neutral environmental conditions showed that the lightweight wool and wool blend fabrics are generally less comfortable than the silk fabric, cotton poplin and polyester/cotton poplin fabrics tested in this study. The main shortcoming in terms of comfort for these lightweight wool fabrics is the prickle. Besides, the fabric softness was found to be a very important factor influencing the comfort of the clothing worn next to the skin.     

轻薄型羊毛机织面料的舒适性研究

通过人工气候条件下的人体穿着试验，对轻薄型羊毛机织面料的舒适性进行了研究。结果表明，在制作贴身穿着服装时，轻薄型羊毛机织面料的总体舒适感不及蚕丝、棉及涤棉等面料，主要原因是其存在刺痒感.同时还表明，面料的柔软度是影响贴身穿着服装的总体舒适感的非常重要的因素。     

The Effect of Gauge Length on Tenacity of Cotton Yarns

The tensile properties of cotton yarns are studied. A lot of data are gotten and analyzed. It indicates that the breaking strength of the yarns follows Weibull distribution. Then the effect of sample length on strength is analyzed using Weibull's statistics. The Weibull parameters are calculated through regression method. The breaking strength of the yarn at different sample length is predicted. Theoretical prediction conforms the experimental results very well.     

基于Weibull分布的冻融循环下纤维混凝土损伤模型

对聚丙烯纤维混凝土（PFRC）、钢纤维混凝土（SFRC）、普通混凝土（PC）进行冻融循环试验,经过冻融循环后,得到PFRC、SFRC、PC的相对动弹性模量、轴心抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度,分析冻融循环过程中PFRC、SFRC、PC的冻融损伤率、强度衰减率的演化规律和冻融损伤机理,提出基于Weibull分布的纤维混凝土冻融损伤演化模型,并与推导出的力学性能衰减模型联立得到PFRC、SFRC、PC的相对抗压强度、相对抗拉强度与冻融损伤度的演化模型。结果表明:纤维的掺入能有效减小混凝土的强度衰减和冻融损伤,基于Weibull分布建立的两种冻融损伤模型,可以分别通过冻融循环次数、相对强度预测PFRC、SFRC、PC的冻融损伤度。     

国产原毛的强力特征与测试

通过对国产细羊毛原毛的毛丛强度、单纤维强度和直径形态特征的分析和研究,提出用国毛单纤维中段强力来评定原毛的强力,并就其对毛条加工性能的影响进行了探讨.研究发现:原毛单纤维中段强力可以在一定程度上反映国毛纤维的强力特性,且它与毛条加工性能具有一定的相关性.     

Structures and Properties of Composite Yarns of Filaments and Wool Staple Fibers

More and more composite yarns of filament and wool staple fiber have been applied to develop the new type of fabrics. However, the great difference in yarn structures between the composite yarns and conventional staple yarns does affect the properties of yarns and fabrics. In this paper, it has been studied that the differences of the composite yarn properties of tensile, bending rigidity, torsional rigidity, the hairiness and irregularity etc.     

高温气冷堆工程验证用国产石墨的强度实验研究

 对国产石墨材料(NG-CT-01)进行了强度实验研究。考虑石墨材料强度的分散性,对石墨材料不同批次和坯料不同部位、不同方向进行了取样。根据国标实测了材料的抗拉、抗压和抗弯强度。由于在对石墨的应力评价中,压缩应力是以当量拉应力出现的,且石墨安全评价所用数据一般通过抗拉强度实验确定,所以着重对实测数据中的抗拉强度进行了在95%置信水平、99%可靠度的性能指标下的最小强度计算。为了对石墨强度进行安全评价,必须知道石墨强度的威布尔分布。因此应用Weibull++7软件采用极大似然法对抗拉强度实验数据进行了两参数威布尔分布的参数拟合,并按照德国高温气冷堆设计规范《KTA-3232 反应堆压力容器内的陶瓷堆内构件》的规定修正了威布尔分布参数,为后续高温气冷堆工程验证提供了基础参数。将实验结果和若干国内外规格的石墨数据进行对比,国产石墨的强度参数在其原基础上有所提高,可基本满足工程验证结构和抗震试验的技术要求,目前已经用于大型石墨堆芯结构抗震试验模型的加工制造。     

Study on Bending of Woven Fabrics Using Linear Viscoelasticity Theory

The bending behavior of woven fabrics under low curva-ture conditions has been analyzed by linear viscoelastictheory.The fabric is assumed to behave viscoelasticallyand to be subjected to frictional restraints in bending de-formation.The frictional restraint is considered to beproportional to the curvature and can be described by africtional moment.A model has been constructed by astandard three-element solid model and a paralleledfrictional sliding element.The equations of the model fora cyclic curvature variation are derived.A set of param-eters of the equations for each fabric has been obtainedexperimentally.Predictions of the bending rigidity andhysteresis for wool,cashmere,wool/polyester blended,polyester and cotton fabrics are made,displaying verygood agreement with the experimental observations.     

Studying the Mechanical Properties of Jute/Cotton Blended Yarns Using the Weibull Model

The phenomenon of a material failure varies with its gauge length in use. In the present study,the breaking strengths of J30/C70 and J55/C45 blended yarns spun by the ring spinning technology were investigated with the employment of the equations derived from the Weibull theory. The four probability estimators of the Weibull distribution were also evaluated. The results showed that the estimator (2a) was acceptable for calculating the Weibull modulus of the jute/cotton blended yarns. With the exception of b...     

织物的动态湿传递

本文用自制的动态模拟装置,探讨了服装面料的动态湿传递,并测定了在非稳态条件下,人体汗水的蒸发及水汽传递的情况.通过对全棉、涤棉、涤毛、真丝、细麻、粗麻等7种服装面料的试验,提出织物的结构参数对湿传递影响的多元回归方程,并得出了面料厚度对湿传递影响最明显的结论.     

Coolmax织物湿舒适性能的灰色聚类分析

对Coolmax织物、棉、涤纶、涤棉织物的芯吸效应、保水率、干燥率、透湿性、透气性进行了测试分析；并通过人体穿着试验对服装的湿舒适性进行了评价；最后利用灰色聚类分析对6种织物的湿舒适性能做了综合评价。结果表明：Coolmax织物的湿舒适性能优于普通涤纶、棉、涤棉织物；客观试验与主观穿着试验的结果具有较好的一致性。     

人工气候条件下的人体着装试验的研究

本文通过物理试验方法对棉、毛、丝、棉麻及毛涤五种面料进行性能测试,得出其风格数值、透湿阻抗.为了反映面料对人的生理、心理的影响,有必要在人工气候条件下进行人体模拟着装试验,得出面料的人体舒适感觉值。借助多元线性回归方法,通过物理测试与人体试验的对照分析,发现它们之间具有良好的一致性。     

大豆蛋白纤维织物热湿舒适性能研究

通过时大豆蛋白纤维织物及类似风格的棉、毛、丝织物的导热性、保暖性、冷感性、透湿性、输水性、润湿性及透气性的测试分析，建立了时大豆蛋白纤维织物热湿传递性能的较全面的认识；并利用灰色聚类分析评价系统时前述4类织物的热湿舒适性能做了综合评价。     

芳纶短纤维/芳纶浆粕增强制备高性能氯丁橡胶复合材料

对芳纶短纤维和芳纶浆粕进行微观结构表征和热失重分析,系统地研究了芳纶短纤维和芳纶浆粕对橡胶复合材料基本物理性能、动态力学性能和动刚度的影响。结果表明,芳纶短纤维为巨原纤模型;芳纶浆粕为微纤模型,呈羽绒状。芳纶短纤维在500 ℃降解,650 ℃左右降解基本完全;芳纶浆粕在350 ℃左右开始降解,500 ℃左右迅速降解,直到650 ℃左右降解基本完全。芳纶短纤维/芳纶浆粕增强制备的氯丁橡胶复合材料的撕裂强度、拉断伸长率、屈挠性能随着芳纶短纤维/芳纶浆粕并用比值减小而提高,但其动刚度减小。动态力学性能表明芳纶短纤维与芳纶浆粕并用比为10:10时,有相对较高的储能模量,较低的损耗模量和损耗因子,动态疲劳性能较好。     

亚麻/彩棉/白棉混纺针织物柔软整理工艺研究

研究亚麻/彩棉/白棉混纺针织物的柔软整理工艺。在亚麻/彩棉/白棉针织物的柔软整理中,采用了纤维素酶、氨基硅油和纤维素酶配合氨基硅油3种整理方法,分别采用不同的柔软整理工艺,通过测试整理后织物柔软性、折皱回复性、悬垂性、抗起毛起球、透气性等服用性能,分析3种方法的柔软整理效果。结果表明：3种整理工艺都能改善织物的柔软性,采用氨基硅油和纤维素酶配合氨基硅油柔软整理效果最好,从整体上看,该工艺整理后的织物的服用性能好于另外两种工艺。     

The Mechanism of Negative-ion Generation of Natural Fiber Fabrics

Generally there are three kinds of substances used as negative-ion generator in textiles, natural silicate minerals （ceramic/tourmaline）, natural rare-earth minerals and natural sediment with ultra-fine pores. Based on different additive, the mechanism of negative-ion generation is largely divided into three kinds, the piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity of tourmaline crystal, air ionization caused by low-level radiation and breaking up of the clusters of moisture in air when going through the ultra-free pores of natural sediment. In this paper, the negative-ion generating properties of natural fiber fabrics-cctton, wool, silk and linen were first proposed. By some kind of physical stimulation, rubbing or vibrating, natural fiber fabrics without any additive could also emit negative ions. Considering that the piezoelectric effect was observed in wool fibers, silk fibers and cellulose fibers, the piezoelectricity was studied as a mechanism of negative-ion generation of natural fiber fabrics. Another possible mechanism was the tribeelectricity produced by the sense of ntbbtng or vibrating and tip discharge of hairiness. The Final experiment results verified that the latter would be the main reason, and the electrolytic dissociation of moisture was also contributing to negative-ion generation.     

基于粘弹性理论研究毛涤混纺织物折皱回复行为

根据标准的折皱回复测试实验对各种混纺比的毛涤织物进行了研究．基于纺织材料的粘弹性理论，把研究对象看成是具有内摩擦约束作用的粘弹性体，利用标准线性固体模型和滑块并联组成的模型分析了不同混纺比例的毛涤织物折痕回复性，并推导出折皱回复角的回复规律方程．实验证明，该模型能较好地反映毛涤织物折皱回复角的回复规律．     

涤纶牵伸复合丝织物染色不匀的原料分析

从POY原丝各细分纤维纤度与孔数的对比选择、牵伸温度和网络压空等方面入手,剖析了涤纶牵伸复合丝织物染色疵点的成因及其布面表现形式。     

Gray Synthetic Evaluation on Moisture Comfort of Sportswear Fabrics under the Condition of Heavy Sweating

Moisture and water transfer under the condition of heavy sweating are analyzed. Four different experiments are made to test moisture resistance, water-keep, wicking effect and drying ability of samples. Then gray analysis method is introduced to evaluate the comprehensive comfort of these fabrics. Result shows chemical fiber with high moisture transfer performance has advantage in water transfer and diffusion, which is suitable for human under the condition of heavy sweating. Though natural fiber can absorb moisture well, it cannot transfer fluid sweat. Therefore natural fiber fabrics such as cotton, wool are unsuitable to make functional sportswear.