电液比例阀旁通流量式ECHPS系统设计与试验

针对液压助力转向(HPS)系统无法兼顾低速转向轻便性和高速转向路感的问题,提出了电液比例阀旁通流量式电控液压助力转向(ECHPS)系统。通过试验获得了驾驶员偏好的方向盘转矩,通过仿真得到了典型车速下的等效转向阻力矩。以典型车速和转向盘转矩下的助力油压与特征点助力油压的残差平方和最小为目标函数,对转向系统参数进行了优化,设计了基于驾驶员偏好转矩的随速可变助力特性。通过台架试验验证了可变助力特性设计方法的正确性,制定了基于自适应模糊滑模控制的控制策略,进行了双纽线和高速中间位置小转角转向道路试验。道路试验结果表明:与装备HPS系统的车辆相比,装备ECHPS系统的车辆低速转向轻便性提高了35.3%,高速转向路感提高了52.2%。     

电液比例阀旁通流量式ECHPS系统设计与试验

针对液压助力转向(HPS)系统无法兼顾低速转向轻便性和高速转向路感的问题,提出了电液比例阀旁通流量式电控液压助力转向(ECHPS)系统。通过试验获得了驾驶员偏好的方向盘转矩,通过仿真得到了典型车速下的等效转向阻力矩。以典型车速和转向盘转矩下的助力油压与特征点助力油压的残差平方和最小为目标函数,对转向系统参数进行了优化,设计了基于驾驶员偏好转矩的随速可变助力特性。通过台架试验验证了可变助力特性设计方法的正确性,制定了基于自适应模糊滑模控制的控制策略,进行了双纽线和高速中间位置小转角转向道路试验。道路试验结果表明:与装备HPS系统的车辆相比,装备ECHPS系统的车辆低速转向轻便性提高了35.3%,高速转向路感提高了52.2%。     

电动液压助力转向系统仿真

依据电动液压助力转向(EHPS)系统的参数,运用AMESim软件建立了电动液压助力转向系统仿真模型.分析了车速参与系统控制时对助力特性的影响.相同扭矩下,高速时提供助力较小,低速时提供助力较大.既可保证转向轻便性,又防止高速时转向盘发飘.转向盘角速度参与控制后,提高了系统的跟随性.改善了系统的回正性能.将仿真所得调试控制参数用于实际控制系统中,进行了台架实验.实验结果表明,电动液压助力转向系统的实际控制效果与仿真结果相同.     

商用车混合动力电控转向系统的操稳性与节能性

为了提高重型商用车的高速转向"路感",并降低转向系统能耗,在电液复合式转向系统的基础上提出了一种带有助力矩耦合装置的混合动力电控转向系统(electronically controlled hybrid po-wer steering system,ECHBPS).阐述了ECHBPS的结构组成和工作原理,以降低转向系统能耗为目标,对液压助力子系统参数进行了重新匹配,根据驾驶员在不同车速下偏好的转向盘力矩,设计了电动助力子系统和液压助力子系统的助力特性曲线,建立了ECHBPS功率损耗模型.进行了Matlab/Simulink与Trucksim的联合仿真,结果表明:与传统的液压助力转向系统(hydraulic power stee-ring system,HPS)比较,在原地转向工况下,ECHBPS转向轻便性提高了21.3%;在转向盘中心区转向工况下,ECHBPS的转向"路感"提高了108.96%;在转向工况及直线行驶工况下,ECHBPS能耗分别降低了15.74%和62.61%.     

驾驶人转向操纵动态特性的影响因素

针对驾驶人模型建模中驾驶人的感知、决策和操纵3个关键行为,通过对转向盘转角进行傅里叶变换,在频域上分析行驶轨迹和车速对驾驶人转向操纵动态特性的影响。采用Matlab建立了人车闭环仿真模型,分别在低速60km/h和高速100km/h下进行了蛇形试验和双移线试验仿真,并且在湖州的普通公路和高速公路上进行了实车试验,对比了直线行驶与弯道行驶下的驾驶人转向操纵动态特性。研究结果表明:随着速度增加转向盘转动频率增加,频率成分越高,转向修正幅度越大;在相同速度、不同弯道转角时,转向频率分布基本相同,但是随着弯道转角的增加,转向盘转角幅值明显增大;直线行驶工况下,转向盘转角幅值明显降低。综合分析,道路线型和行驶车速对转向盘转角动态特性影响较大。     

电动助力转向系统控制策略的仿真分析

建立了电动助力转向系统的数学模型,根据路感强度的表达式,运用伯德图进行了频域分析,并制定了比例微分助力的控制策略。结合考虑车身侧倾的三自由度汽车模型和轮胎模型,建立了用于分析电动助力转向特性的仿真模型,针对转向轻便性、高速回正性和合适路感的多重目标,进行了方向盘正弦输入和方向盘撒手仿真试验,总结出了控制器参数在不同车速和转向盘输入转矩下的变化规律。     

NJ1062型货车电控液压动力转向系统开发

针对NJ1062型货车的液压动力转向系统存在的转向助力不随车速变化的缺陷,研究开发了一种电控液压动力转向系统,可在不更换原车转向系统的情况下,通过增加一个直流电机及控制器来控制转向泵以调节系统的助力特性,使汽车获得理想的助力,该系统已通过台架试验得出其可行性.     

基于模糊自适应PID控制器的多轴车辆转向控制系统设计及仿真

 通过对多轴转向车辆数学模型进行简化,获得某型号五轴全路面起重机的二自由度操纵动力学模型,并基于零质心侧偏角控制策略推导出各后轮转角与前轮转角及车速的函数关系.在对比例阀和转向执行机构(液压缸)进行简化的基础上,在Matlab/Simulink中建立了转向系统完整的数学模型.为克服传统PID控制器的缺点,基于Matlab模糊逻辑控制模块建立了转向系统模糊自适应PID控制器,对PID控制器各个控制参数进行在线整定,以此获得较高的控制精度.以25km/h速度下稳态回转试验对该控制器进行仿真验证.经过仿真分析后发现,该模糊控制器取得很好的效果,系统响应迅速,跟随性好,完全能满足控制需要.     

基于AMESim的电动液压助力转向系统的仿真研究

根据电机转速对转向性能的影响,确定电机转速与方向盘转速和车速的对应关系。利用仿真软件AMESim建立电动液压助力转向系统的仿真模型,包括方向盘输入模型、液压机械模型、轮胎模型和电机控制模型。其中设置方向盘输入为力输入和角输入两种输入端口,采用等效节流阀模拟转阀,轮胎与地面的转向阻力使用齿条两端加载等效滑动摩擦力来模拟,电机控制使用转速环、电流环双闭环PID控制方法。通过三种典型工况的仿真,量化分析控制方法对车辆转向性能的影响,包括转向轻便性、路感、助力响应速度以及稳定性,仿真结果验证了控制方法的有效性,并为控制方法的优化提供了依据。     

C-EPS硬件在环仿真平台设计与控制策略验证

为了方便管柱式电动助力转向(column type electric power steering, C-EPS)控制系统的设计与研究,应用MATLAB/dSPACE实时仿真系统等工具搭建了C-EPS硬件在环仿真平台。构建了转向阻力矩计算模块,并由dSPACE控制伺服电机来输出转向阻力矩;设计了具有助力模式、回正模式和故障模式的C-EPS控制策略,并利用本平台对电流跟随、转向助力轻便性等项目进行了硬件在环仿真试验。结果表明:电流跟随试验中电机实际电流相对目标电流约有0.05 s的滞后;在5 km/h的低速工况下转向输入力矩从11 N·m降到2 N·m,具有较好的转向轻便性,且能实现主动回正功能;在60 km/h的高速工况下转向输入力矩随车速提高而增大,从而保证车辆具有良好的行驶稳定性。可见,我们所搭建的平台能够实现C-EPS控制策略的硬件在环仿真,这为C-EPS的后续开发打下了基础。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has