论大型贯通测量导线加测陀螺定向边的最佳位置

贯通工程必须有足够的测量精度，在测量导线中加测陀螺定向边可提高贯通精度已成为定论。根据求条件极值的拉格朗日乘数法推论在测量导线中加测陀螺定向边的最佳位置应在导线的等分处，加测的陀螺定向边以一至二条为宜。     

加测陀螺定向边后井巷贯通工程精度预计

在井下导线测量中，为了控制导线边方向误差的积累，常采用陀螺经纬仪在井下导线的适当位置加测陀螺定向边，作为井下基本控制网的方位控制，这样可以在不提高导线施测精度的情况下，大大提高井下导线点的点位精度。本文介绍了一贯通工程加测陀螺定向边后一翼巷道的平面控制测量引起贯通相遇点在水平重要方向上的误差。     

陀螺经纬仪在矿山测量中的应用

文章主要阐述陀螺经纬仪在施工测量中的应用,证明了陀螺经纬仪定向可以取代传统的几何定向,导出了定向边可控制最远距离的计算公式及施工测量导线中加测陀螺边数的计算公式,提出了加测边合理位置的加测方法。结合现场实际,在保证工程精度的基础上,介绍了节省人力物力的基本方法。目前,陀螺经纬仪在矿山测量中己普遍使用,从使用情况看,其精度完全能够满足矿山工程的要求。陀螺经纬仪在矿山测量中的应用有两个方面:一是定向,二是在井下导线中加测陀螺边。     

论大型贯通测量导线加测陀螺定向边的最佳位置

贯通工程必须有足够的测量精度,在测量导线中加测陀螺定向边可提高贯通精度已成为定论。根据求条件极值的拉格朗日乘数法推论在测量导线中加测陀螺定向边的最佳位置应在导线的等分处,加测的陀螺定向边以一至二条为宜。     

加测陀螺定向边后井巷贯通工程精度预计

在井下导线测量中,为了控制导线边方向误差的积累,常采用陀螺经纬仪在井下导线的适当位置加测陀螺定向边,作为井下基本控制网的方位控制,这样可以在不提高导线施测精度的情况下,大大提高井下导线点的点位精度。本文介绍了一贯通工程加测陀螺定向边后一翼巷道的平面控制测量引起贯通相遇点在水平重要方向上的误差。     

陀螺定向对提高贯通横向精度的效果研究

对某贯通导线中不加测陀螺边和加测陀螺边分别进行了贯通误差预计,从陀螺定向技术提高贯通横向精度的理论出发,计算了贯通横向精度的提高率,为贯通测量中加测陀螺边的位置与数量的确定提供了理论依据。     

长隧道地下导线中加测陀螺方位角模拟计算

针对长隧道地下导线测量中，采用测角量边的单一支导线精度较低的问题，讨论了通过横向贯通误差确定陀螺方位角个数以及两定向边之间导线点的布设，并着重进行了模拟计算。结果表明，设计误差满足工程限差要求，本设计方案可行。     

盾构隧道长距离独头掘进的控制测量技术

北京地下直径线盾构独头掘进距离达5.2 km,因此隧道贯通精度控制难度大。通过测量精度分析,单纯通过导线测量已不能满足设计规定的贯通限差要求,施工中通过导线直接传递定向、洞内加测陀螺边、地上地下控制网紧密联系等辅助方法,提高了贯通横向误差的精度,达到了预期效果。     

特大型贯通工程准确贯通的技术措施

介绍了某矿回风立井与主井分别相向掘进三盘区辅助运输巷的测量工作过程。贯通工程贯通距离长、精度要求高、技术难度大,为了保证巷道准确贯通,在实际工作中采用了全站仪、陀螺仪等先进仪器和加测陀螺定向边、两次独立对中、增加测回数等技术措施,有效保证了测量精度。     

对晋华宫矿870大巷贯通工程的技术分析

针对大型巷道贯通工程,测量精度要求高,测量误差积累大等特点,就如何减小测量误差,提高贯通精度这一问题,以同煤集团晋华宫矿870水平大巷贯通测量为例,讨论了建立地面专用控制网和提高井下导线测量精度的必要性和可行性;通过贯通后的测量成果数据,分析了影响贯通精度的主要误差来源及削弱误差的方法;并对导线边两项投影改正误差的影响和测距三角高程能否代替井下一级水准等问题进行了探讨,并得出结论.提出了提高测量精度的有效方法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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