基于UG的汽轮机叶片并联抛光仿真系统

基于并联运动机床的设计理论和发展现状，研究开发一种自动抛光的方法，即采用并联运动机床实现叶片的抛光．在UG环境下完成叶片造型和并联运动机床的建模和抛光仿真，为今后实现叶片抛光自动化奠定基础．     

磁性复合抛光体配制及其抛光性能试验研究

介绍一种新的磁性复合抛光体（MPT）的配制及检测方法．新的磁性抛光体是将磁性复合流体和磨粒、植物纤维素均匀混合,通过外加磁场压缩制成的,在磁场作用下为半固态．MPT的主要成分及规格：煤油基纳米直径Fe3O4的磁流体（MF）、微米级直径的铁粉、微米级直径的纯Al2O3磨粒．对几种混合比例的MPT分别进行了SEM的显微观察和抛光作用力的三维检测,在给定压力下对MPT的剪切力和抛光性能进行了试验．结果表明：磁性复合抛光体的配比影响着MPT最大剪切力,具有承受剪切力大的磁性抛光体的抛光效果较好．该研究为复杂曲面的高效、高质量抛光提供了应用依据．     

高速钢刀具的电解抛光初探

初步研究了高速钢刀具的电解抛光．探讨了抛光时间、电流密度、电解液温度对抛光质量的影响。提出了一条提高高速钢刀具使用性能的新途径。     

超光滑表面抛光技术

超光滑表面抛光技术是超精密加工体系的一个重要组成部分，超光滑表面在国防和民用等领域都有着广泛的应用．文中介绍了超光滑表面的物理特征和应用，并根据抛光过程中工件与抛光盘之间的接触状态，将各种抛光方法分为直接接触、准接触和非接触3类，对每一种抛光方法作了总体的描述，详细地介绍了近年来发展的激光抛光技术和化学机械抛光技术及其超光滑表面抛光的加工机理，介绍了超光滑表面的测量和评价方法．     

铜及铜合金环保型化学抛光工艺新探

为满足铜及铜合金使用对表面处理的要求,研究了铜及铜合金化学抛光液的组成和抛光工艺．结果表明,HNO3-H2O2-H2O-稳定液组成的化学抛光液最优配方为体积比1：1：7：1,聚乙二醇用量为20．0g／L;最佳抛光工艺条件为抛光温度25℃、抛光时间12S．该配方及工艺具有组成简单、污染小、成本低廉、抛光快和易于操作的优点,对铜及铜合金进行化学抛光效果良好．     

磨削抛光机器人进给机构的优化设计

针对普通机械式磨削抛光设备表面加工质量不高、形位精度差、效率低、自动化程度不高的现状,设计了新型柔性机器人磨削抛光系统,重点对抛光轮进给机构进行了优化设计,从而解决了刀具分布复杂的问题。实践证明该机构轻便、灵活、结构紧凑,提高了设备的精度和效率。     

高度有序多孔氧化铝膜的制备和研究

分别用一步和二步阳极氧化法制备了多孔氧化铝膜，制备出了高度有序、六方柱形结构的多孔氧化铝膜。用原子力显微镜观察了不同电化学抛光条件下抛光铝样品表面的微观结构，探索出了电化学抛光预处理的最佳工艺条件：在温度为10℃、乙醇和高氯酸体积比为4：1的混合液中，于恒电压55V的条件下，对铝片进行电化学抛光30s．为进一步组装各种纳米结构材料打下了基础．     

化学机械抛光中抛光垫作用分析

化学机械抛光（chemical mechanical polishing／planarization,CMP）能够提供高级别的整体平面度和局部平面度而成为集成电路（integrated circuit,IC）中起重要作用的一门技术．抛光垫是CMP性能的主要影响因素．这里建立了一个初步的二维流动模型以考虑抛光垫的弹性、孔隙参数、粗糙度以及晶片形状等因素对抛光液流动性能的影响,并通过数值模拟得出了它们对压力分布和膜厚等的作用．结果表明：由于抛光垫的变形和多孔性,承载能力将有所下降,膜厚增大,从而有利于抛光液中粒子和磨屑的带出．晶片表面曲率的变化对压力和膜厚的作用也很明显,全膜条件粗糙度的存在将引起流体压力的波动．研究为设计CMP中合适的抛光垫参数提供了初步的理论依据．     

铝合金碱性抛光液及其工艺条件

由于铝合金在碱性溶液中腐蚀速度极大,致使抛光时间不能过长;此外,由于碱性溶液抛光后表面的光亮度不大,所以降低铝的腐蚀速度、提高抛光光亮度是碱性化学抛光的关键．作者对铝合金的几种新型碱性化学抛光液及其工艺条件进行了研究．试验结果表明添加由硫脲(或钼酸铵或六次甲基四胺)、硅酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠构成的复合缓蚀剂能大大提高铝合金抛光质量,同时可抑制碱雾的产生．铝合金碱性抛光液的较佳配方与工艺条件为NaOH300g/L,NaNO     

现场金相检测中电解抛光技术的应用探索

为了改善工件表面的抛光效果,解决传统机械抛光对抛光工件几何形状的限制,提高实际工程中对工件的抛光效率,本文介绍了一种全新的抛光工艺--电解抛光。电解抛光工艺与工件的材质、电流大小以及电解液的温度等参数密切相关,合理的控制这些工艺参数才能达到理想的抛光效果。本文主要探究电流密度、抛光温度以及阴阳极间的距离等因素对抛光效果的影响。     

基于烧蚀原理的激光抛光的数值建模与分析

采用连续激光对304不锈钢材料进行了基于烧蚀原理的激光抛光实验,得到了较好的抛光效果.耦合激光抛光中的传热和材料汽化,建立了一个二维瞬态数值模型,仿真了激光抛光中工件表面的演变,预测了激光抛光后工件的表面形貌和表面粗糙度值,仿真结果与实验结果十分接近,误差仅为8.17%.此外,利用该模型研究了激光抛光中工件表面移动速度的分布情况,确定了表面移动速度与初始表面形貌的关系:表面形貌波峰位置的表面移动速度较大,而波谷位置的表面移动速度较小,揭示了基于烧蚀原理的激光抛光降低工件表面粗糙度的机制.     

快速抛光技术接触压力建模与仿真

快速抛光技术不但可提高加工速度,还能保证抛光精度,是实现超精密平面光学元件批量化加工的最有效加工方式.通过对快速抛光原理的分析,建立了工件与抛光垫之间的弹性力学模型,分析了载荷条件和边界位移条件,并以此为基础建立了工件与抛光垫的有限元模型.通过仿真分析得出了接触压力的分布情况,并通过抛光实验验证了仿真结果,为研究快速抛光技术提供了实验理论依据.     

无磨料低温抛光中的振动分析及消除

针对无磨料低温抛光中冰盘会出现倾斜、引起加工过程的振动问题,对冰盘与工件盘的水平面内的相对运动进行了分析。对冰盘倾斜时,工件盘的纵向运动进行了建模,得到了冰盘与工件盘的偏心及冰盘的倾角越大,振动的幅值越大的影响规律,提出了抛光前对冰盘进行修整来消除振动的解决方案。通过对石英晶体的抛光实验,证实了这种方法的可行性,最终达到了粗糙度为0.53nm的超光滑表面。     

Experimental Investigation on Constrained Abrasive Fluid Polishing for Optical Glass

To find a cost effective,high-precision and environmental friendly way of polishing for optical glass,a series of experiments were focused on about constrained abrasive fluid polishing. Since abrasive particles can repeatedly impact the workpiece in a multidirectional way with high energy, the constrained abrasive fluid polishing method for optical glass has been proposed based on the abrasive fluid machining theory and elastic emission machining theory. A constrained abrasive fluid polishing system was designed and developed to polish K9 glass samples. Results show that K9 glass obtains a high accuracy with less fluid. Experiments indicate that,in a more effective,high-precision and environmental friendly way,constrained abrasive fluid polishing is possible to improve the quality of workpiece surface compared with free abrasive fluid polishing. In the process of removing materials of constrained abrasive fluid polishing,it gives priority to removing the materials of high spot and the high frequency error of smooth local zone can be modified. The abrasive particles can repeatedly impact the workpiece in a multidirectional way,and there are certain relationship among surface quality,material removal rate, and parameters such as speed,clearance, angle, time and particle size. In the process of constrained abrasive fluid polishing, it shows a high material removal rate,and it needn't to clamp workpieces. As a result,it could improve the processing efficiency significantly. The research on constrained abrasive fluid polishing has a practical significance and practical value in industrial production.     

Surface roughness and removal rate in magnetorheological finishing of a subsurface damage free surface

Asphericalopticalcomponentsareimportantin modernopticalsystems[1].Thereexistmanytypesof aspheres.Thecommonlyusedonesincludeparabola,ellipsoid,etc.[2]Recently,increasingrequirements forasphericalopticalcomponents(e.g.forlithogra phy)togetherwithgrowingfieldsoftheirapplication(e.g.conformalandfreeformoptics)resultina strongneedforopticalfinishingmethodsthatcanbe appliedlocallytopolishcomplexshapedaspheresin brittlematerials(e.g.glass)[3].However,making high precisionaspheresisstillprimarilyanard…     

Surface roughness and removal rate in magnetorheological finishing of a subsurface damage free surface

Based on computer-controlled optical surfacing, a new technique called magnetorheological finishing (MRF), is presented. The new technique combines the features of conventional loose abrasive machining with a wheel shaped polishing tool. The tool incorporates a host of features and has unprecedented fabricating versatility. The pre-polishing and fine polishing processes can be performed only by adjusting different parameters. The material removal function is studied theoretically and the results of simulation present a Gaussian distribution feature. Based on the established theoretical model, material removal rate experiments involving a parabolic mirror are designed and carried out to determine the effect of controllable parameters on size of the gap between the workpiece and the polishing wheel, rotating speed of the polishing wheel, concentration of volume fraction of non-magnetic particles and polishing time. Further experiments are carried out on the surface microstructure of the workpiece, the final surface roughness with an initial value of 10.98 nm reaches 1.22 nm root mean square (RMS) after 20 min of polishing. The subsurface damage experiment and the atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurement on the polished surface can also verify the feasibility of the MRF technique.     

TC4钛合金磁流变抛光的磁感应强度分布及参数

使用磁流变抛光技术对钛合金进行抛光,为了获得更好的表面质量,分别对磁感应强度分布、磁流变液和抛光参数进行了研究。首先,优化了加工区域的磁感应强度分布,通过在加工区域添加两块铁板,磁感应强度分布变得均匀,从而提高抛光后钛合金工件的表面质量。其次,分析了磁流变液的组成,即基液、磨粒类型以及磁性粒子和磨粒的质量占比对工件表面粗糙度的影响。随后,研究了四个基本抛光参数,即磨粒目数、工件转速、磁感应强度和抛光时间,找出这些参数对表面质量的影响规律。采用响应面法获得了工件表面粗糙度变化率的模型,并进行了方差分析以检查模型的显著性。最后,找出最优的抛光参数并对其进行了实验验证。     

磁性液体研磨加工小型零件

介绍了几种磁性液体研磨的装置及工作原理,指出磁性液体的研磨是利用磁性液体的流动性和磁性来保持磨料与工件之间产生相对运动,从而达到研磨光整工件的精加工方法.     

典型光学加工中边缘效应仿真分析

为分析光学加工中边缘效应对元件最终面形精度的影响,建立了数控小磨头行星式抛光去除函数模型和射流式工具加工的去除函数模型.通过对抛光过程中磨料载体的微观状态的研究,探讨并仿真了两种抛光方式在不同区域抛光速度分布、抛光压力分布和抛光中Preston系数的变化.通过对比分析这些参数的变化对材料去除影响,表明光学加工过程中磨料载体中分子间的作用力对边缘效应产生的影响不可忽略.     

Trajectory Optimization and Motion Simulation of a Flexible Polishing Industrial Robot for Watchcases

To optimize the working time of the flexible polishing industrial robot for watchcases, the polishing efficiency should be improved. Based on the quintic B-spline fitting curve trajectory planning method associated with the optimal time interval and the trajectory point angle, the trajectory route of the flexible polishing industrial robot for case parts was optimized by the Matlab software. The operation time of the flexible polishing industrial robot could reach the optimal level. The joints of the robot can be cooperated with each other to ensure that the motion track of the end-effector of the robot arm is closer to the expected motion track. Based on the Adams software, the obtained trajectory curve of multi-objective optimization was simulated, which verified the trajectory fitted after multi-objective optimization. The angular acceleration and angular plus acceleration curves were improved. Theoretical guidance was carried out for the subsequent experiment by Matlab and Adams simulation analysis.