东北岩高兰的化学成分研究

研究东北岩高兰的化学成分。采用硅胶柱色谱及HPLC等色谱技术进行分离纯化,通过理化性质和波谱数据分析鉴定化合物的结构。从东北岩高兰的正己烷萃取物中分离得到6个单体化合物,分别鉴定为:3β-羟基-豆甾烷-4-烯-3-酮(1),叶绿醇(2),24-亚甲基环阿尔廷醇(3),β-谷甾醇(4),熊果醇(5),3β-齐墩果醇(6),化合物1-6均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

忧遁草的化学成分研究

采用溶剂萃取、硅胶色谱柱、C18反相色谱柱、LH-20凝胶色谱柱、高效液相色谱等方法分离纯化,通过核磁共振波谱和质谱及旋光仪等仪器鉴定忧遁草化合物的结构.从忧遁草的95%乙醇提取液中分离鉴定9个化合物,分别鉴定为黑麦草内酯(1),异黑麦草内酯(2),3-羟基-9甲氧基紫檀烷(3),蚱蜢酮(4),(-)evofolin B(5),3-羟基-1-(4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯)-1-丙酮(6),吲唑(7),吲哚-3-甲醛(8),entadamide A(9).其中化合物3-6,9为首次从忧遁草中分离得到.     

刺五加浸膏化学成分研究

研究药用刺五加浸膏的化学成分。采用硅胶柱色谱、HPLC色谱等方法分离纯化,对刺五加浸膏进行化学成分的分离,根据理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定。从刺五加浸膏中分离并鉴定了5个化合物,分别为3-甲氧基-4-羟基反式苯丙烯酸正十八醇酯(1),2-呋喃甲酸(2),反式对羟基肉桂酸(3),异嗪皮啶(4),异香草酸(5)。化合物1,2,3,5为首次从刺五加浸膏中分离得到。     

奶子藤茎的化学成分研究

采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、MCI等柱色谱手段对奶子藤的化学成分进行分离纯化,从其90%的乙醇提取物中得到8个化合物.根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据鉴定了化合物的结构,分别为:3,4-二羟基苯甲醛(1),3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(2),2,2-二甲基-7-羟基色满(3),齐墩果酸(4),熊果酸(5),β-谷甾醇(6),5,7,3',4'-四羟基黄酮醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7),5,7,3',4'-四羟基黄酮醇-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(8).所有化合物均为首次从该种植物中分离得到,其中化合物3为首次从植物中分离得到.     

麻栎树皮的化学成分研究

采用硅胶层析色谱、凝胶层色谱及高效液相色谱等多种常规分离方法对麻栎树皮乙醇提取物乙酸乙酯萃取部分进行化学成分研究,从中分离得到8个单体化合物,根据波谱数据和文献鉴定结构分别为:(+)-5'-methoxy-isolariciresinol-9'-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(1),isolariciresinol rhamnopyranoside(2),(+)-lyoniresinol 3α-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(3),槲皮素(4),5,7,3',4'-四羟基黄酮醇-3-O-葡萄糖苷(5),β-香树脂醇(6),β-谷甾醇(7),胡萝卜苷(8).其中,化合物1~6和8为首次从该种植物中分离得到.     

南药巴戟天化学成分

为研究巴戟天药材的化学成分.通过硅胶柱色谱和ODS柱色谱等方法对其分离纯化,根据理化性质和光谱数据进行了结构鉴定.从巴戟天药材的乙醇提取物中分离得到了7个化合物,分别为1, 2-二氧乙烯蒽醌(1)、1, 3-二羟基-2-丁酰基蒽醌(2)、1, 2-二羟基蒽醌(3)、β-谷甾醇(4)、3β, 20 (R),丁基-5-烯基-胆甾醇(5)、3β, 5-烯基螺旋甾(6)、水晶兰苷(7),其中化合物1、2、5、6属于首次从该植物中分离得到.     

流苏花的化学成分研究

采用硅胶、凝胶柱色谱以及制备高效液相色谱等技术进行分离纯化,研究了流苏花的化学成分。综合运用波谱学方法鉴定分离得到的化合物的结构。从流苏花中共分离的9个化合物,分别鉴定为表松脂酚(1)、连翘苷(2)、木犀草素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、山奈酚(4)、乌苏酸(5)、齐墩果酸(6)、异香兰酸(7)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(8)、3,4-二羟基苯乙醇(9)。上述9个化合物均为首次从流苏花中分离得到,化合物1～3和化合物5～9为首次从流苏属中分离得到。     

青兰属植物甘青青兰化学成分研究

利用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、高效液相色谱及薄层色谱进行分离纯化,并通过UV、IR、MS、1H NMR、13C NMR等波谱技术进行结构鉴定,采用MTT(溴化四甲基偶氮唑盐)染色法检测化合物的抗肿瘤活性.从甘青青兰植物中共分离得到6个化合物,它们分别为迷迭香酸(1),迷迭香酸甲酯(2),2,3-2H-3-羟基-咖啡酸甲酯(3),咖啡酸(4),对羟基苯甲酸(5),原茶酸(6).对化合物1、2、3进行了抗肿瘤活性测定,其中,化合物1、3具有较好的体外抗肿瘤活性.     

元宝草化学成分的研究

对元宝草Hypericum sampsonii的化学成分进行研究。应用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和C-18反相色谱柱等柱色谱技术进行分离纯化,并运用现代波谱分析技术(ESI-MS,1 H NMR,13 C NMR)进行结构鉴定。从元宝草全草(体积分数为95%的乙醇)提取物之乙酸乙酯部分离得到12个化合物,经结构鉴定,确定为:1-羟基-7-甲氧基酮(1),2-羟基-5-甲氧基酮(2),1,3-二羟基-2-甲氧基酮(3),1,7-二羟基-2-甲氧基酮(4),1,7-二羟基-4-甲氧基酮(5),槲皮素(6),山柰酚(7),3,8"-biapigenin(8),阿魏酸(9),咖啡酸甲酯(10),香草酸(11),β-谷甾醇(12)。其中,化合物2、8-11为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

牛奶子枝叶的化学成分

为研究牛奶子(Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb)的药效物质基础，利用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、MCI柱色谱及半制备高效液相色谱对其枝叶化学成分进行分离纯化，结合理化性质和波谱数据对所得化合物进行结构鉴定.从牛奶子枝叶中分离得到16个化合物，分别鉴定为：4-羟基-4-(3-氧代-1-丁烯基)-3,5,5-三甲基环己-2-烯-1-酮(1),(3S,5R,6S,7E)-5,6-环氧-3-羟基-7-大柱香波龙烯-9-酮(2),(6R,7E,9R)-9-羟基-4,7-大柱香波龙二烯-3-酮(3),黑麦草内酯(4),2α,3α,23-三羟基-12-烯-28-熊果酸(5),2α,3α,23-三羟基-3,23-异亚丙基二氧基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(6),2α-羟基熊果酸(7),熊果酸(8),白桦脂酸(9),3-羟基-1-(3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯)-1-丙酮(10),pinoresinol(11),丁香脂素(12),lariciresinol(13),紫云英苷(14),β-谷甾醇(15),胡萝卜苷(16).除化合物14和15外，其余化合物皆为首次从该植物中分...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to