地聚物混凝土的抗剪性能研究

采用直剪试验研究了地聚物混凝土的抗剪性能. 设置16个试验工况，其中包含3个普通混凝土强度的对比工况. 试验结果表明，地聚物混凝土的抗剪强度随着混凝土强度和抗剪钢筋配筋率的增大均有显著提高，随着剪切面高度的增加而有所下降，剪切面宽度的改变对其影响较小. 该类地聚物混凝土的剪切裂缝发展模式和剪切破坏模式与普通混凝土一致，极限抗剪强度略高于普通混凝土. 试验值与Loov和Patnaik的理论值之比的平均值为1.21，该理论值较其他理论值更接近试验值.     

复合岩石层面剪切试验的研究

本文在不同粗糙度和不同正应力的条件下,对复合岩石层面的剪切试验进行了讨论,建立了复合岩石层面抗剪强度的准则及复合锯齿状层面的抗剪强度准则。实验表明:光滑层面的初剪与复剪抗剪强度具有峰值转换性;剪切位移具有弹性回复位移,并存在着剪切法向收缩现象;剪切滑移造成层面两侧岩石的张裂破坏。     

考虑结构表层粗糙度的混凝土桩-黏土界面剪切特性试验研究

为探讨结构物表层粗糙度对桩-土界面剪切特性的影响及其规律,基于砂纸规格及表面粗糙度指标的实测数据,构建砂纸规格与结构物表层粗糙度之间的指数化拟合模型,并得到相应的计算公式及参数。基于指数化拟合公式,利用不同规格砂纸模拟混凝土桩-黏土接触面处表层的粗糙度,采用ZJ型应变控制式直剪仪开展混凝土桩-黏土接触面直剪试验,定量分析粗糙度对混凝土桩-黏土界面剪切破坏、变形的影响。研究结果表明:混凝土桩-黏土接触面抗剪强度符合莫尔-库仑破坏准则,破坏形式表现为接触面剪切滑移破坏;在高法向应力作用下,接触面剪切破坏过程可分为"土体弹性剪切变形—接触面剪切滑移—土体弹塑性剪切变形"3个阶段;接触面抗剪强度随粗糙度的增加而呈幂函数关系增大,但随着法向应力的增大,粗糙度对抗剪强度的影响呈现减弱趋势,即粗糙度存在临界值。     

混凝土拉、压强度尺寸效应的研究

分析了混凝土复合剪切强度的尺寸效应，建立了反映截面尺寸影响的混凝土拉、压剪强度的相关关系式及相应的尺寸效应计算公式。研究表明，混凝土复合剪切强度随剪切方向截面边长的增加而降低，且随尺寸的增加，强度的降低呈减缓的趋势，而轴压比对尺寸效应的影响较小。     

岩体异性结构面的抗剪强度准则

利用剪切试验装置，进行了岩体异性结构面在不同粗糙度、不同正应力下的剪切试验研究，建立了抗剪强度准则 τ＝σｎｔｇ［ＪＲＣ·ｌｇ（ＫＡ·ＪＣＳＡ＋ＫＳ·ＪＣＳＢ／σｎ）＋ψＡＢ?     

基于三维重构的原岩硬性结构面抗剪强度

节理面形貌特征是影响岩石节理面剪切破坏的重要因素。具有相同形貌特征的岩石节理面,沿不同剪切方向其力学行为存在差异性。结合三维激光扫描和3D打印技术,针对天然节理岩石的表面形貌进行逆向处理,将其制备为不同剪切方向的人工节理试样,并进行5种法向应力条件下的直剪试验。依据室内试验结果与理论分析,提出了定量计算节理面三维粗糙度与沿剪切方向接触面积有效系数值的方法,建立了不同剪切方向下含有三维形貌参数的抗剪强度模型。结果表明,影响剪胀角的因素与节理面的粗糙度系数和沿剪切方向接触面积有效系数值有关;沿不同的剪切方向会得到不同的剪胀角。基于剪切破坏的爬升和摩擦效应理论,并利用非线性拟合方法,得到峰值剪胀角的变化规律。最后,与已有的Barton抗剪强度公式进行对比分析,进而验证了该方法的合理性。     

超高性能混凝土梁受剪性能的尺寸效应试验研究

为研究超高性能混凝土梁受剪性能的尺寸效应，对不同截面尺寸HRB500级钢筋超高性能混凝土梁进行受剪试验。首先分析UHPC梁的试验现象及结果，其次探究截面尺寸对梁剪切延性、剪切裂缝强度及抗剪强度的影响规律，最后基于所得试验数据比较现行公式的适用性。结果表明：不同截面尺寸梁的失效模式均为剪压破坏，梁的应力重分布能力、挠度、刚度及主裂缝特征参数均与截面尺寸呈正相关；梁的位移延性系数、剪切裂缝强度及抗剪强度均随梁高的增大而减小，存在明显的尺寸效应；经对比分析，陈宝春提出的抗剪承载力公式的预测值较好。     

节理岩体剪切强度的计算方法及其应用

根据36组直剪试验结果,对基于起伏度和粗糙度等剪切强度公式进行对比,给出其建议适用性范围.研究结果表明:在只考虑起伏度时,Ladanyi-Archambault公式的计算结果更接近实际值;而只考虑粗糙度时,采用JRC-JMC模型和Grasselli改进公式进行预测更加合理;节理岩体的峰值剪切强度与法向应力有关,当法向应力较小时,节理面起伏度是节理岩体峰值强度的主要影响因素,而随着法向应力的增大,采用粗糙度计算结果与实际值相吻合.     

混凝土桥面防水层直剪试验

选取3种常见防水卷材，利用LLM测试系统进行混凝土桥面防水层直剪试验。研究了水泥混凝土表面特性、环境温度等因素对3种桥面防水层抗剪强度的影响规律。试验表明：增加水泥混凝土表面粗糙度，有利于提高防水层与桥面的抗剪能力，但在底涂料用量一定的情况下，混凝土表面过于粗糙并不利于提高层间抗剪强度；不同防水卷材的抗剪强度对温度的敏感度不同，APP（无规聚丙烯）防水卷材敏感性最大。通过改变垂直荷载和剪切速率，建立了APP防水卷材抗剪强度变化方程。最后综合考虑温度、垂直荷载、剪切速率等影响因素，计算出了在标准轴载、不同车速作用下60℃时APP防水卷材层间抗剪强度。     

新旧混凝土结合面剪切强度参数分析和计算研究

新旧混凝土结合面的抗剪强度是装配式混凝土结构和混凝土结构加固等领域重点关注的问题. 基于搜集、整理的新旧混凝土结合面（以下简称结合面）的剪切试验数据库（含439个试件），对GB 50010―2010、ACI 318―19、Eurocode 2、PCI7th四个规范所给结合面抗剪建议计算式进行对比分析.结果表明：在各参数的影响下，ACI结果的保证率表现最好，而 Eurocode 2计算强度的拟合效果最好；在结合面宽度达到300~400 mm时，GB 50010―2010的表现最好，但安全富余均较低，相对误差最大达到9倍. 对数据库进行参数分析，发现结合面剪切强度τexp存在尺寸效应，与结合面的沿剪切方向尺寸关联较大；且τexp与夹紧力ρfy有较好的相关性. 基于分析结果，根据叠加计算理论，对计算式提出建议和修正：分析引入尺寸效应系数β；同时修正了摩擦系数μ；应用了数据库拟合的销栓力分段函数，极大值为6.6 MPa.经对比验算证明，修正计算式在有无插筋及各种粗糙度情况下的误差最小，拟合效果最好，可为工程应用提供参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has