Microstructure and wear resistance of PTA clad Cr7C3/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating

A wear resistant Cr₇C₃/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating was fabricated on substrate of the hardening and tempering C degree steel by PTA (plasma transferred arc) cladding with (wt%) Fe-25Cr-7C elemental powder blends. Microstructure of the coating was characterized by OM, SEM, XRD and EDS. Wear resistance of the coating was tested under dry sliding wear condition at room temperature. The results indicate that the PTA clad ceramal composite coating has a rapidly solidified fine microstructure consisting of Cr₇C₃ primary particles uniformly distributed in the γ-Fe matrix and is metallurgically bonded to the C degree steel substrate. The PTA clad Cr₇C₃/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating has high hardness and excellent wear resistance under dry sliding wear test conditions. The excellent wear resistance of the Cr₇C₃/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating is attributed to the coating’s high hardness, strong covalent atomic bonding and refined microstructure.     

Microstructure and wear resistance of PTA clad Cr_7C_3/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating

A wear resistant Cr7C3/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating was fabricated on substrate of the hardening and tempering C degree steel by PTA (plasma transferred arc) cladding with (wt%) Fe-25Cr-7C elemental powder blends. Microstructure of the coating was characterized by OM, SEM, XRD and EDS. Wear resistance of the coating was tested under dry sliding wear condition at room temperature. The results indicate that the PTA clad ceramal composite coating has a rapidly solidified fine microstructure consisting of Cr7C3 primary particles uniformly distributed in theγ-Fe matrix and is metallurgically bonded to the C degree steel substrate. The PTA clad Cr7C3/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating has high hardness and excellent wear resistance under dry sliding wear test conditions. The excellent wear resistance of the Cr7C3/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating is attributed to the coating's high hardness, strong covalent atomic bonding and refined microstructure.     

PTA clad (Cr,Fe)7C3/γ-Fe in situ ceramal composite coating

A wear-resistant (Cr, Fe)₇C₃/γ-Fe in situ ceramal composite coating was fabricated on the substrate of 0.45wt%C carbon steel by a plasma-transferred arc cladding process using the Fe-Cr-C elemental powder blends. The microstructure, microhardness, and dry-sliding wear resistance of the coating were evaluated. The results indicate that the microstructure of the coating, which was composed of (Cr, Fe)₇C₃ primary phase uniformly distributed in the γ-Fe, and the (Cr, Fe)₇C₃ eutectic matrix was metallurgically bonded to the 0.45wt%C carbon steel substrate. From substrate to coating, the microstructure of the coating exhibited an evident epitaxial growth character. The coating, indehiscent and tack-free, had high hardness and appropriate gradient. It had excellent wear resistance under the dry sliding wear test condition.     

纳米Al/Cr2O3/ETN复合含能材料的制备与表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以1,2-环氧丙烷作为Cr(Ⅲ)离子的水解促进剂,温和条件制备了Al/Cr_2O_3/ETN湿凝胶,超临界干燥后得到Al/Cr_2O_3/ETN纳米复合物。讨论了氯化铬初始浓度、溶剂选择、环氧丙烷用量和初始p H值对体系温度和p H的影响,确定了最佳工艺。利用TEM、SEM、BET、EDS、IR、DSC和感度测试对Al/Cr_2O_3/ETN纳米复合物的形貌、结构、热分解性能和机械感度进行了表征。结果表明,纳米Al的表面被粒径约20 nm的纳米ETN和Cr_2O_3的小粒子致密包覆,形成纳米复合物,其比表面积为290.8 m2·g-1,IR图谱中有明显的硝酸酯基炸药的特征峰。DSC分析表明,ETN在63.4℃出现熔化峰,194.3℃出现分解放热峰。感度测试结果表明,复合物的撞击感度和摩擦感度只有53 cm、46%,所以此复合物的感度较低。     

Bi7O9I3的制备及光催化氮氧化物去除

利用简易溶剂热—球磨法制备了n型半导体Bi₇O₉I₃,并对其组分、光学性质、电化学性质进行了分析表征。结果表明：球磨使粉末材料的颗粒尺寸减小、带隙略微变宽,产生的光生电子和空穴更容易迁移和分离,这都有助于增强体系的光催化氮氧化物（NO_x）的去除能力。在可见光照射下,溶剂热—球磨法制备的Bi₇O₉I₃可去除体积分数40%的NO,明显高于溶剂热法制备的Bi₇O₉I₃的活性。物种捕捉试验表明,光催化过程中起主要作用的是超氧自由基和空穴,据此初步推测了Bi₇O₉I₃的光催化机制。重复试验表明,溶剂热—球磨法制备的催化剂具有良好的重复利用性和结构稳定性。     

Phase transition , structure and shape memory effect of Ni47Ti43Hf10 alloy

A Ni₄₇Ti₄₃Hf₁₀ high temperature shape memory alloy is fabricated. The martensitic transformation temperature (TT) is obtained by differential scanning calorimetry and four-probe electrical resistivity measurements. The effect of thermal cycling is investigated and it is found that the TT tends to be stable quickly, which is of benefit to practical applications. The martensite structure is determined to be B19' monoclinic by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. One-way and two-way (which is seldom reported before) shape memory properties are studied by tensile and bending tests. The cycling number of two-way shape memory effect is tested for more than 20000 times.     

Rh/Ti3C2Tx MXene催化剂用于氨硼烷催化产氢

二维过渡金属碳/氮化合物基（MXene）催化剂对于水解产氢反应具有优异的催化活性.以二维过渡金属碳化钛（Ti₃C₂T_x MXene）材料为载体,采用原位还原法,制备了超高分散度的二维Ti₃C₂T_x MXene材料担载的金属铑（Rh）催化剂（Rh/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene）.利用单层二维Ti₃C₂T_x MXene材料高度暴露的表面,实现了Rh亚纳米团簇的高度分散.在常压的温和条件下,将制得的Rh/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene催化剂用于氨硼烷的常温分解.在35℃,0.1 MPa的条件下,氨硼烷可以在3 min内完全实现氢气（H₂）的释放.催化剂的结构表征证明：Rh亚纳米团簇的平均尺寸约为0.66 nm.构效关系研究表明：二维Ti₃C₂T_x MXene载体表面高度暴露的碳钛键（C-Ti）结构可以起到锚定和高度分散Rh亚纳米团簇的作用.     

Density functional theory study of the reaction paths of reactions of CH3C(O)O2 radicals with HO2 in the gas phase

A DFT study on the reactions between CH₃C(O)O₂ and HO₂ radicals has been carried out. It is suggested that both the triplet and singlet potential surfaces involve a complex mechanism with the formation of loosely bound intermediate complexes of reactants and products. The reaction prefers to occur on the triplet surface to produce peracetic acid (CH₃C(O)O₂H) and triplet O₂ molecule. The CH₃C(O)O₂H can further convert into CH₃C(O)O and HO radicals.     

Density functional theory study of the reaction paths of reactions of CH3C(O)O2 radicals with HO2 in the gas phase

A DFT study on the reactions between CH₃C(O)O₂ and HO₂ radicals has been carried out. It is suggested that both the triplet and singlet potential surfaces involve a complex mechanism with the formation of loosely bound intermediate complexes of reactants and products. The reaction prefers to occur on the triplet surface to produce peracetic acid (CH₃C(O)O₂H) and triplet O₂ molecule. The CH₃C(O)O₂H can further convert into CH₃C(O)O and HO radicals.     

Site preference of ternary additions in Ni3Al

The substitution behavior of ternary additions in Ni3Al is systematically studied using interatomic potentials. The pair potentials between identical and distinct atoms are obtained via strict lattice inversion based on the first-principle cohesive energy curves. Taking long-range interaction into account, the quantitative calculations for the alloys containing various amounts of alloying elements are made by utilizing a relaxed sample averaging method. The relative magnitudes of cohesive energy corresponding to different configurations are used. The calculated results are in good agreement with the results of experiments. Finally, some predictions are made for the substitution behavior of certain alloying elements and some elements in the region of surface and interface that have not been previously studied.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of a hot-extruded Al-based composite reinforced with core-shell-structured Ti/Al3Ti

An Al-based composite reinforced with core-shell-structured Ti/Al₃Ti was fabricated through a powder metallurgy route followed by hot extrusion and was found to exhibit promising mechanical properties. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the composite sintered at 620℃ for 5h and extruded at a mass ratio of 12.75:1 reached 304 MPa and 14%, respectively, and its compressive deformation reached 60%. The promising mechanical properties are due to the core-shell-structured reinforcement, which is mainly composed of Al₃Ti and Ti and is bonded strongly with the Al matrix, and to the reduced crack sensitivity of Al₃Ti. The refined grains after hot extrusion also contribute to the mechanical properties of this composite. The mechanical properties might be further improved through regulating the relative thickness of Al-Ti intermetallics and Ti metal layers by adjusting the sintering time and the subsequent extrusion process.