一九九一年——一九九三年北疆棉区第五轮区域试验总结

<正>一、目的 鉴定早熟陆地棉新品系的生态适应性、丰产性、早熟性、品质及抗病性,为新品种的审定提供科学依据. 二、参试品种(系)及供种单位 参试品种(系):供种单位: 新陆早一号(CK) 石河子下野地试验站 871 石河子棉花研究所 894 石河子棉花研究所 D301 石河子棉花研究所 85—174 农七师农科所 85—57 农七师农科所 85—1 石河子炮台试验站 212 新疆八一农学院 三、试验设计 供试品种(系)八个,以新陆早一号(691)为对照,随机区组设计,四次重复,     

28份蚕豆淀粉含量遗传多样性分析

为了解青海蚕豆种质资源淀粉品质,以青海省28份蚕豆种质资源为供试材料对其进行淀粉含量及组成成分分析,应用Megazyme总淀粉及直/支链淀粉含量测定试剂盒测定淀粉含量。结果表明:28份材料中2份材料总淀粉含量达到50%以上、10份材料总淀粉含量达到40%以上、其余16份材料总淀粉含量为30%～40%;所有材料直链淀粉含量均为5%～13%;28份材料中1份支链淀粉含量达到40%以上,16份材料支链淀粉含量为30%～40%,其余11份材料支链淀粉含量为20%～30%。通过对3类淀粉含量进行聚类分析,将28份材料分为2大类:第1类含有20份种质资源,第2类含有8份种质资源。本研究表明,28份蚕豆种质资源淀粉含量和组成存在较大差异,可为选育不同淀粉含量及组成的蚕豆品种提供借鉴。     

“九五”期间石河子棉花所杂交棉育种工作进展

“九五”期间,我所承担了国家农业部的杂交棉育种课题.其目的是尽快育成我区第一个早熟、丰产、优质的棉花杂交种并将其大面积在我区推广. 1课题研究思路 大量从国内外引进优良亲本材料,对本地的优良品种(系)进行认真筛选.列出相应的品种(系)主要性状表格图.应用N×n不完全双列杂交法逐一测定各参试亲本的产量、抗病性、纤维品质等性状的一般及特殊配合力.结合配合力的测试配制大量的陆×陆杂交组合.     

MEM纳米复合非织造材料的过滤性能

为了研发高效低阻过滤材料,采用正交设计的试验方法,研究了纳米纤维直径、纳米纤维材料的厚度和不同熔喷材料对熔喷-静电纺-熔喷(MEM)纳米复合非织造材料过滤性能的影响.结果表明,纳米纤维材料的厚度和纳米纤维直径对材料的过滤性能影响最大,通过复合一层很薄的纳米纤维膜(0.029~0.116μm),熔喷材料的过滤效率从38.100%提高到99.429%以上,品质因数提高近2倍.该材料能够有效拦截空气中的PM2.5和病毒等微小有害粒子,可应用于高性能防护口罩.     

166份番茄种质资源的综合评价

番茄种质资源的综合评价是番茄新品种选育的重要基础.研究基于31个表型性状对收集到的166份番茄种质资源材料进行遗传多样性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析和综合评价.结果表明:质量性状中遗传多样性指数最高的是熟性(1.248);数量性状中遗传多样性指数最高的是叶宽(2.072),变异系数最大的是单果重(55.21%).数量性状间存在不同程度的相关性且绝大部分为显著或极显著相关.提取的9个主成分累计贡献率达到71.96%.供试材料在欧氏距离为17.5处聚为六大类,相对于其他组群,第Ⅵ组群整体性状表现良好,是优良的种质资源.采用主成分分析和隶属函数相结合的方法,对供试番茄材料进行综合评价,其中编号为64的番茄综合评价值(D值)最高,综合性状最为优异,研究为进一步丰富宁夏番茄种质资源提供材料和理论依据.     

杉木第二代种子园自由授粉子代遗传变异及优良家系选择

对福建省洋口国有林场一片15年生杉木第二代子代测定林的主要生长性状进行统计分析（参试家系为238个）结果表明,参试的各家系在树高、胸径、材积性状间的差异表达到极显著水平。以材积性状作为主要指标,同时兼顾树高、胸径指标,对参试家系进行选择,选出4088号家系等表现最好的33个家系,15年生时平均单株树高、胸径、材积值分别为1390m、1574cm、015485m3,遗传增益分别为158%、412%、和987%,平均现实遗传增益为2836%,这些优良家系适合在福建顺昌洋口周边II类立地条件下推广应用。     

细观参数对纤维增强金属基复合材料宏细观力学性能的影响

B纤维、SiC纤维增强Al基及Mg基复合材料的微观参数对宏观性能具有重要影响.基于细观力学理论,利用代表性体积元(RVE)建立极坐标复合材料宏细观弹塑性本构模型,采用有限元法研究了Al基和Mg基复合材料的基体材料、纤维种类、纤维体积分数对复合材料整体力学性能的影响.研究结果表明:基体材料遵循自身弹塑性变化规律并引起复合材料整体的弹塑性变形,纤维保持其线弹性性能,在拉伸过程起主要承载作用;基体材料及纤维体积分数对复合材料力学性能的影响效应更强;利用宏细观本构模型计算获得的复合材料应力值与试验值接近,误差不超过2.5%.     

用滑动均数法评估玉米杂交种

滑动均数法是对众多的品种或组合材料,在不设任何重复的条件下,进行科学的评价.评估时通过这些材料与 CK 品种对比,了解知道 CK 品种产量的变异幅度,就能获得各参试品种(系)的评价标准.1 材料及方法     

2.5D C/C编织复合材料损伤演化试验研究

为研究2.5D C/C(碳/碳)编织复合材料的失效机理,对矩形截面试样开展损伤演化模拟试验.针对轴向加卸载过程中的应变响应,使用弹性模量法逐级计算试样损伤值,研究其损伤演化过程和规律;结合试样断口分析,总结不同失效模式对应的损伤效应.试验结果表明:2.5D C/C编织复合材料的失效位置具有分散性,失效模式具有多样性特征;分层破坏时损伤累积较小,损伤值达到10%～13%时试样即发生破坏,且裂纹只在层间扩展;纤维拔出和断裂时损伤累积效应较明显,在试样断口附近正反两面损伤演化过程均较显著,损伤值达到20%～25%时试样破坏.     

骨折固定用三维编织复合材料的性能

为避免传统金属骨折固定材料应力遮挡效应,采用真空浸渍法制备了新型骨折固定用三维编织碳纤维/环氧(C3D/EP)复合材料,研究了该材料的弯曲、剪切和冲击性能,讨论了其失效方式,通过体外细胞培养法对C3D/EP复合材料的细胞毒性进行了评价.结果表明,与常用金属骨固定材料相比,纤维含量为43%的C3D/EP复合材料弯曲强度已超过不锈钢并接近钛合金,但模量比后二者低得多,与人骨相近;与长纤维复合材料(CL/EP)相比,C3D/EP复合材料破坏时不发生脆性断裂,另外,3T3细胞系和小鼠骨髓基质细胞毒性实验表明,该材料基本没有细胞毒性.上述结果表明该C3D/EP骨折固定复合材料具有良好的应用前景.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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