试论诗僧皎然的身份意识

皎然之所以成为诗歌史上以＂诗僧＂命名僧人诗歌创作群体的第一人,归因于他僧人本位的身份意识。这种身份意识突出的表现在皎然的诗歌理想、诗歌创作和诗学著作中,蕴含着其处于唐代三教争衡和禅宗内部宗派分化的历史背景之下,立足僧人本位对诗、禅关系的深入思考。这种思考对＂诗僧＂的形成有不可磨灭的助益之功,诗僧的创作更是为＂诗唐＂增添了别样的风貌。     

玄学话语与文学话语的隔膜与转换

正始文人以"道"与"自然"为艺术之本体与本源。玄学的生活化,使得玄学话语与文学话语的交融成为可能。纵酒的行径几乎就是"自然"的同义语。阮籍论艺术思维融汇了道家与玄学的思想因素,但此时玄学话语与文学话语在阮籍、嵇康的作品中仍处于混而未分、互相交融、相互渗透的状态。从两晋未以迄东晋,产生了山水画、山水诗和玄言诗。"以玄对山水"是东晋玄言文学兴盛过程中呈现的一种典型的文学话语。玄言诗人与陶渊明代表东晋诗坛,实现了玄学话语向文学话语的转换。     

魏晋山水意识及谢灵运的山水诗

魏晋时期是一个文学体裁多样化的时期,而此时出现的山水诗备受学人关注,它的出现是与当时的社会文化背景分不开的。魏晋时社会动乱、昏暗,个体生命的无所依靠及朝不保夕,使他们感到人生的悲哀和无奈,他们醉心娱乐,去游山玩水,所以出现了游乐诗。不仅如此,当时文人尚谈玄学,老庄思想的兴盛,使精英分子“谈玄’成为一种时尚。由谈玄与游乐结合,形成了山水与玄言杂糅的诗歌。随着文人山水意识的加强,东晋时出现了山水诗宗匠谢灵运,为山水诗的开山立幢建下了丰功伟绩,并对后来山水诗的发展奠定了前人无以超越的基础。     

魏晋山水意识及谢灵运的山水诗

魏晋时期是一个文学体裁多样化的时期，而此时出现的山水诗备受学人关注，它的出现是与当时的社会文化背景分不开的。魏晋时社会动乱、昏暗，个体生命的无所依靠及朝不保夕，使他们感到人生的悲哀和无奈，他们醉心娱乐，去游山玩水，所以出现了游乐诗。不仅如此，当时文人尚谈玄学，老庄思想的兴盛，使精英分子“谈玄”成为一种时尚。由谈玄与游乐结合，形成了山水与玄言杂揉的诗歌。随着文人山水意识的加强，东晋时出现了山水诗宗匠谢灵运，为山水诗的开山立幢建下了丰功伟绩，并对后来山水诗的发展奠定了前人无以超越的基础。     

唐代思想家与佛教僧人交往的原因 --读刘禹锡送僧诗

文章以个案分析,揭示了唐代思想家与佛教僧人交往的具体原因.刘禹锡与佛教僧人的交往有三个方面的原因一是学习佛学方法,丰富发展儒家学说;二是在政治上失意时,事佛信佛,寻求精神寄托;三是与僧人特别是诗僧交往,多出于科学的求知精神.     

宋代诗僧的莲荷意象书写与人格寄托

莲荷的君子形象深入人心,而这一形象却并非文人儒生所独有,在宋代诗僧笔下,以莲荷寄托情志、喻托己身的诗作层出不穷,丝毫不逊色于文人诗作.不同于文人以"君子莲"自况,宋僧将莲荷视为安禅写心的象征,以莲喻修行为佛教之义,咏物言志为赋诗之法,形成了独特的"禅者莲"形象.在思想层面,体现了诗僧平衡世俗与出世的理想人格建构;在诗艺...     

《云居山志》僧俗交游诗考论

《云居山志》是以云居山真如寺为记载主体的佛寺史志文献,其中收录了该寺僧人与当时文人士大夫交往而流传下来的一些诗歌。笔者选取真如寺的佛印了元、大慧宗杲、诸缘洪断、晦山戒显四位禅师的交游诗为例,考证这些诗歌的创作背景、文献著录情况,研究《云居山志》选录僧俗交游诗的一般作法,探讨僧俗交游史实及其与真如寺的关系,由此对江西禅宗文献作文化层面的研究。     

清初遗民诗僧之兴亡诗论略

甲申之变可以看作遗民诗僧们诗歌风格的一个转折点。国变前,为诗更多表现个人思绪,诗歌风格趋于清冷幽静、自然诙谐;国变后,注重将个人感受与国家兴亡、民族命运结合起来,善为兴亡之作。这类兴亡诗表现了广阔的历史内容和深沉的兴亡之感。风格慷慨悲凉,忧愤深广。     

史诗时代的抒情声音——江文也的音乐与诗歌

江文也的音乐、诗歌和乐论应当被视为20世纪三四十年代中国抒情话语的一部分.他构想现代音乐与诗歌的方式引导我们思考一个更为宽广的课题,即抒情想象与现代性的关联.一般认为,20世纪中国文学的典范不外革命与启蒙,而抒情话语要么被贬为与时代的历史意识无关,要么被看作现实主义律令以外的小道.这是一种误解.无论作为一种文类特征,一种美学观照,一种生活风格,甚至一种政治立场,抒情都应当被看作是中国文人和知识分子面对现实、建构另类现代视野的重要资源.     

史诗时代的抒情声音——江文也的音乐与诗歌(续)

江文也的音乐、诗歌和乐论应当被视为20世纪三四十年代中国抒情话语的一部分.他构想现代音乐与诗歌的方式引导我们思考一个更为宽广的课题.即抒情想象与现代性的关联.一般认为,20世纪中国文学的典范不外革命与启蒙,而抒情话语要么被贬为与时代的历史意识无关,要么被看作现实主义律令以外的小道.这是一种误解.无论作为一种文类特征,一种美学观照,一种生活风格,甚至一种政治立场,抒情都应当被看作是中国文人和知识分子面对现实、建构另类现代视野的重要资源.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that