温度对LiNbO3 晶体THz辐射产生效率的影响

利用超短激光脉冲泵浦电光晶体LiNbO₃产生脉冲THz辐射, 并用非线性光学差频原理解释了THz的产生机制. 改变泵浦激光能量, 实验结果表明, THz脉冲波形的最大振幅与泵浦激光能量为平方关系, 随泵浦能量的增大, 晶体温度逐渐升高, 增加了对所产生THz辐射的吸收, 并逐渐偏离平方关系. 通过降低晶体温度, 减小TO声子-极化子因非谐振衰减为两个声学声子而引起的THz吸收, 提高了THz的产生效率.      

汽油的太赫兹时域光谱特性研究

本文应用太赫兹时域光谱技术研究了不同型号汽油在0.28-2.1THz波段的光学性质,采用快速傅里叶变换得到样品的吸收谱和折射率谱.同时,运用傅里叶变换红外光谱装置测定了样品的中红外吸收谱.比较两种实验结果可知,不同型号汽油在太赫兹波段有明显的峰位位移和相对峰强改变,且吸收谱带展宽,说明样品在太赫兹波段比在中红外波段更具有吸收活性.太赫兹技术可作为中红外等光谱技术的互补手段,研究汽油组成的特性及鉴别其结构的细微变化等.     

基于光子晶体的THz全光开关响应特性分析

选择超短泵浦脉冲激励非线性光子晶体点缺陷,研究了THz全光开关的受激响应特性。研究发现这种具有高品质因子的非线性缺陷在脉冲激励下能迅速响应,特别是当激励脉冲功率密度增大到一定值时,脉冲在高功率密度中的响应延时比泵浦脉冲本身的时域线宽还窄,此外从理论上分析了非线性缺陷模在脉冲激励下发生变化的原因,得出响应速度取决于非线性缺陷模频谱展宽程度的结论。     

五阶非线性对耦合光纤孤子传输特性影响的研究

运用变分法导出五阶非线性作用下孤子的参数演化方程组,研究五阶非线性耦合光纤中孤子的传输特性,讨论五阶非线性效应对孤子的振幅,频宽,啁啾,频率,中心位置及相位的影响.     

High-power terahertz radiation from relativistic electrons

Terahertz (THz) radiation, which lies in the far-infrared region, is at the interface of electronics and photonics. Narrow-band THz radiation can be produced by free-electron lasers and fast diodes. Broadband THz radiation can be produced by thermal sources and, more recently, by table-top laser-driven sources and by short electron bunches in accelerators, but so far only with low power. Here we report calculations and measurements that confirm the production of high-power broadband THz radiation from subpicosecond electron bunches in an accelerator. The average power is nearly 20 watts, several orders of magnitude higher than any existing source, which could enable various new applications. In particular, many materials have distinct absorptive and dispersive properties in this spectral range, so that THz imaging could reveal interesting features. For example, it would be possible to image the distribution of specific proteins or water in tissue, or buried metal layers in semiconductors; the present source would allow full-field, real-time capture of such images. High peak and average power THz sources are also critical in driving new nonlinear phenomena and for pump-probe studies of dynamical properties of materials.     

Generating 0.42 THz radiation from a second harmonic gyrotron

Gyrotrons are high powered coherent electromagnetic radiation sources, and are considered to be available powerful sources that have the potential to bridge the so-called terahertz gap. In the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, a second harmonic gyrotron has been designed, manufactured, and tested. The gyrotron generated radiation at a 0.423 THz frequency in 5μs pulses with an 8.1 Tesla magnetic field, with a power per pulse of about 4.4 kW. To date this is the highest frequency recorded for vacuum electronic devices in China. The gyrotron design, operation and measurements are presented.     

苯丙氨酸的太赫兹光谱测试与理论研究

采用太赫兹时域光谱（THz-TDS）技术,在室温氮气环境下对固态苯丙氨酸进行了光谱测试,获得了样品在THz波段的特征吸收谱,发现苯丙氨酸样品在有效光谱范围（0.2～2.2 THz）内有两个明显的特征吸收峰,分别位于1.23和1.99THz处.用从头算理论,在HF/6-31G水平下对苯丙氨酸分子进行结构优化和频率计算,得到了样品在0.1～10 THz的振动频谱.在有效光谱范围内,理论计算结果与实验相互对应且符合较好,同时根据计算结果对实验中特征吸收的振动模式进行了指认.     

电压幅值对均匀介质阻挡多脉冲大气压辉光放电的影响

基于一维流体力学模型,数值模拟研究了大气压下氦气中多脉冲均匀介质阻挡放电的性质,讨论了所加周期折线函数电压的幅值对多脉冲放电的相邻电流脉冲之间的时间间隔、放电装置的功率等电学特性的影响．模拟结果显示,当电压斜率不变,幅值变化时,不仅电流脉冲数目发生变化,而且相邻电流脉冲之间的时间间隔也发生变化,同时,放电装置功率的有效利用率也在不断变化．     

Phase-resolved measurements of stimulated emission in a laser

Lasers are usually described by their output frequency and intensity. However, laser operation is an inherently nonlinear process. Knowledge about the dynamic behaviour of lasers is thus of great importance for detailed understanding of laser operation and for improvement in performance for applications. Of particular interest is the time domain within the coherence time of the optical transition. This time is determined by the oscillation period of the laser radiation and thus is very short. Rigorous quantum mechanical models predict interesting effects like quantum beats, lasing without inversion, and photon echo processes. As these models are based on quantum coherence and interference, knowledge of the phase within the optical cycle is of particular interest. Laser radiation has so far been measured using intensity detectors, which are sensitive to the square of the electric field. Therefore information about the sign and phase of the laser radiation is lost. Here we use an electro-optic detection scheme to measure the amplitude and phase of stimulated radiation, and correlate this radiation directly with an input probing pulse. We have applied this technique to semiconductor quantum cascade lasers, which are coherent sources operating at frequencies between the optical (>100 THz) and electronic (<0.5 THz) ranges. In addition to the phase information, we can also determine the spectral gain, the bias dependence of this gain, and obtain an insight into the evolution of the laser field.     

三阶色散对高斯脉冲在色散缓变光纤中传输特性的影响

应用变分法 ,研究了三阶色散对高斯脉冲在色散缓变光纤中传输特性的影响 ,导出了高斯脉冲参数的演化方程组。在此基础上 ,讨论了色散缓变、三阶色散和初始啁啾对脉冲宽度的影响。     

THz time-domain spectroscopy of amino acids

The optical characteristics of four kinds of amino acids （tyrosine, arginine, histidine and glutamine） filled with nitrogen at room temperature were studied by THz time-domain spectroscopy （THz-TDS）. Well-resolved absorption and refractive spectrums between 0.I and 2.8 THz were obtained based on the physical model for extracting the optical parameters of materials in THz range. The results not only fill up the spectra gap of amino acids in far-infrared range, supply data for amino acid molecular identification and conformation analysis, but also demonstrate significantly potential to promote the research and application of biological materials in bio-chemical and medical fields by THz-TDS.     

太赫兹技术与在太赫兹波段的超光速研究

首先综述了太赫兹电磁辐射的性质和特点、太赫兹电磁辐射的产生和探测、以及太赫兹技术的应用.文章重点介绍了太赫兹波段的超光速研究进展,这里以介绍英国Strathclyde大学Klaas Wynne等人的若干实验结果为主.     

Nonlinear optics in the extreme ultraviolet

Nonlinear responses to an optical field are universal in nature but have been difficult to observe in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and soft X-ray regions owing to a lack of coherent intense light sources. High harmonic generation is a well-known nonlinear optical phenomenon and is now drawing much attention in attosecond pulse generation. For the application of high harmonics to nonlinear optics in the XUV and soft X-ray regime, optical pulses should have both large pulse energy and short pulse duration to achieve a high optical electric field. Here we show the generation of intense isolated pulses from a single harmonic (photon energy 27.9 eV) by using a sub-10-femtosecond blue laser pulse, producing a large dipole moment at the relatively low (ninth) harmonic order nonadiabatically. The XUV pulses with pulse durations of 950 attoseconds and 1.3 femtoseconds were characterized by an autocorrelation technique, based on two-photon above-threshold ionization of helium atoms. Because of the small cross-section for above-threshold ionization, such an autocorrelation measurement of XUV pulses with photon energy larger than the ionization energy of helium has not hitherto been demonstrated. The technique can be extended to the characterization of higher harmonics at shorter wavelengths.     

堆叠多层石墨烯的太赫兹电导研究

单层石墨烯具有可调的太赫兹电导,有望应用于制作新型太赫兹器件,然而这种调谐的变化范围有限,通过多层石墨烯的堆叠可以拓展石墨烯太赫兹器件的性能上限。本文通过太赫兹时域光谱研究了石英衬底上不同层数堆叠的石墨烯的太赫兹透过特性,并使用Drude模型以及菲涅尔定律对实验结果进行了理论模拟。实验数据与理论结果的匹配表明:随机堆叠的多层石墨烯在太赫兹波段可以看作没有电子耦合的多个单层石墨烯,其太赫兹电导具有更宽的调谐范围,同时化学掺杂可以进一步提高材料的载流子浓度,从而获得更高的太赫兹电导。     

基于太赫兹时域光谱技术的地沟油检测与识别

油脂大分子的振动和转动频率均处在太赫兹波段,与太赫兹波相互作用可产生共振反应,因此太赫兹时域光谱技术（THz TDS）可以快速灵敏地实现正规油和地沟油的检测与识别。通过对正规油（全新采购）、类地沟油（煎炸处理）和地沟油（回收处理）在0.3~1.6 THz波段的时域和频域光谱进行对比,并分析其延迟时间、折射率、吸收系数和吸收峰等光学参数的差异,提取了地沟油的太赫兹光谱的特征信息,为地沟油的检测与识别提供了实验依据和有效方法。结果表明,利用光谱特征信息和地沟油特有官能团信息,太赫兹时域光谱技术可有效区分正规油与地沟油。     

原点反共振振动机1:3内共振动力学特性分析

针对原点反共振振动机的力学模型,在考虑了立方非线性弹簧及弹簧静变形等因素后,建立二阶非线性系统动力学控制方程.由此得到系统产生内共振的条件并应用多尺度法建立了平均方程,研究了不同结构参数对系统非线性动力学特性的影响.研究结果表明:当激振力频率小于反共振频率时,非线性的影响可以忽略不计;当大于反共振频率时,非线性的影响增强,振幅出现分叉,并且这种影响随着激振力频率与反共振频率的偏离程度的增大而加强.     

两层流体中内孤立波质量源数值造波方法

以质量源为内孤立波激发源,加入连续性方程,结合完全非线性欧拉方程,以三类内孤立波理论(KdV、eKdV和MCC)的适用性条件为依据,发展了一种两层流体中内孤立波质量源数值造波方法.通过系列数值模拟,分析了质量源在释放和吸收流体过程中生成内孤立波的机理,讨论了内孤立波传播过程中波形、振幅及其诱导流场的变化特性.结果表明,基于所述方法得到的内孤立波在其传播过程中均保持波形稳定、振幅衰减小,数值模拟所得波形及其振幅与相关文献的实验及相应理论解吻合较好.     

太赫兹技术在通信方面的研究进展

随着超快激光技术的发展以及人们对THz波段及脉冲光源认识的进一步深入,太赫兹技术作为一种新的,快速发展的技术在许多领域备受关注.尤其在安全检测及反恐、医疗诊断及生物技术、物体成像、电子对抗及信息领域等的应用方面,太赫兹技术已经得到了广泛的应用.并显示出了它的广阔的应用前景.着重介绍了与微波技术和红外技术相比,太赫兹技术应用于通信方面的一些独特的优势,以及与通信相关的太赫兹技术的进展情况,还初步地探讨了太赫兹通信技术亟待解决的问题.     

双色激光激励对空气中太赫兹辐射增强的研究

利用光电流模型模拟研究在泵浦光中引入400nm倍频光对空气中太赫兹辐射的增强情况,其中空气中氮气离化过程考虑到二阶离化,同时考虑电子在运动过程中与周围离子、分子的碰撞。结果表明,400nm激光的引入打破了原激光电场的对称性,导致了光电流中漂移成分的产生,大大增强了最后的太赫兹波输出强度。     

非线性能量阱系统吸引子迁移控制

针对非线性能量阱系统多值性导致系统存在多个不同拓扑特性的吸引子,提出了一种基于吸引子迁移控制方法的非线性减振策略。首先,分析了大参数范围内激励力幅值对系统全局性态的影响;其次,提出了一种改进型的并行多自由度胞映射法,对典型参数下的共存吸引子及其吸引域进行研究;最后,通过迁移控制方法实现了不同振幅吸引子之间的跃迁。仿真结果表明：非线性能量阱系统在多个典型参数区间内呈现了多稳定吸引子共存现象,并行多自由度胞映射算法具有较高效率和精度,通过开环加线性闭环算法可使非线性能量阱系统由大振幅吸引子迁移至小振幅吸引子,从而实现减振降噪。