型钢混凝土T形柱框架节点恢复力模型研究

为研究型钢混凝土T形柱框架节点的地震破坏耗能机理,通过已获取的9个型钢混凝土T形柱-混凝土梁平面节点和9个型钢混凝土T形柱-钢梁空间节点的低周反复加载试验成果,提出了以屈服点、峰值点和破坏点为特征点并考虑刚度退化的三折线型骨架曲线模型,给出了基于试验参数的特征点值计算方法;根据试验获取的滞回特性,简化了不同配钢形式型钢混凝土T形柱框架节点的滞回环;通过引入基于损伤的循环退化指数对节点在反复荷载作用下的屈服荷载、最大荷载、卸载刚度以及再加载刚度等力学性能指标进行了退化描述,并建立了基于损伤效应的型钢混凝土T形柱框架节点的恢复力模型.结合试验成果,对恢复力模型的有效性进行了验证.研究结果表明:该恢复力模型可较好地预测型钢混凝土T形柱框架节点在反复荷载作用下的滞回性能,其成果可为此类子结构在地震作用下的弹塑性时程分析提供有效的理论支撑.     

后张无黏结装配式框架节点抗震承载力预测

为研究后张无黏结装配式框架梁柱节点的抗震性能,提出了一种节点骨架曲线上特征点的计算方法.首先,基于弹性梁的理论和刚体转动原理,详细分析了后张无黏结节点梁端位移的组成,并给出计算位移的通用公式.然后,根据梁端截面在不同临界点(开裂点、线性极限点、混凝土核心区压碎点)的受力特点,计算了各特征点对应的荷载.最后,根据后张无黏结角钢连接节点的转动特征以及角钢在反复拉压荷载下的恢复力模型,得到骨架曲线上特征点的简化计算公式.计算结果与低周往复荷载下节点试验结果吻合较好,由此证明了计算的合理性和正确性.结果表明,该计算方法基于合理的力学概念,可较为准确地预测节点骨架曲线,具有计算简便、适用性广的优点.     

SRC柱-RC梁混合节点非线性有限元分析

在SRC柱-RC梁混合节点试验的基础上,采用通用有限元分析软件Ansys,建立考虑材料非线性的有限元分析模型.在单调加载作用下,对6个SRC柱-RC梁混合节点进行非线性数值模拟.改变梁纵筋配筋率和节点核心区配箍率,通过对荷载-位移曲线的分析,并与试验结果的对比,研究强节点系数对SRC柱-RC梁混合节点的破坏形式、承载力、延性等影响.结果表明,有限元模拟得到的荷载-位移曲线与试验结果吻合较好,从而验证采用有限元数值模拟开展SRC柱-RC梁混合节点研究的可行性.     

轻型木结构剪力墙新型面板钉节点试验研究

面板钉节点是影响木剪力墙抗侧力性能的重要因素,为提高面板钉节点的工作性能,提出一种黏结硅胶条的新型面板钉节点.并对新型面板钉节点进行了单调加载试验,分析了不同类型钉节点的承载能力、变形能力和破坏模式.试验结果表明:新型面板钉节点较常规钉节点承载力明显提升,当硅胶条与结构胶协同工作良好时,新型面板钉节点的延性、极限位移会得到进一步提升;同时发现顺纹方向加载试件承载能力和初始刚度等均优于横纹方向加载试件.最后对延性较好的新型面板钉节点的荷载-位移曲线进行了拟合,为该新型面板钉节点在轻型木结构剪力墙的有限元研究中提供了合理的恢复力模型.综上,相较于常规钉节点,新型面板钉节点各方面性能显著提升,可用于工程实践推广.     

组合连梁与墙肢节点恢复力模型试验研究

为了建立平面内钢-混凝土组合梁与混凝土墙肢节点的恢复力模型,进行2个足尺平面内钢-混凝土组合连梁与混凝土墙肢节点的低周反复荷载试验,研究节点的破坏机理,得到节点的低周反复荷载作用下的滞回曲线.利用统计分析软件SPSS,采用对平面内钢-混凝土组合梁与混凝土墙肢节点滞回曲线的回归分析,考虑强度和刚度退化规律,建立平面内钢-混凝土组合梁与混凝土墙肢节点的恢复力模型.实验结果表明:平面内钢-混凝土组合梁与混凝土墙肢节点的低周反复荷载试验滞回曲线呈弓形,骨架曲线呈倒"Z"形,平面内钢-混凝土组合梁与混凝土墙肢节点有较好的延性和较强的耗能能力.     

水平双向加载下钢筋混凝土箱型墩的恢复力模型研究

为了系统地评价钢筋混凝土箱型墩在水平双向荷载作用下的抗震性能,以钢筋混凝土箱型墩的双向拟静力试验为依据,采用Open Sees分析程序对钢筋混凝土箱型墩在水平双向荷载下的滞回性能进行数值分析。根据钢筋混凝土箱型墩实测和模拟滞回曲线的特点,提出水平双向加载作用下钢筋混凝土箱型墩的恢复力模型,并考虑其主要影响因素,给出所提出恢复力模型特征参数的确定方法,并与试验结果进行对比。结果表明:应用所提出的恢复力模型能够较好地反映钢筋混凝土箱型墩的滞回性能,得到的水平荷载-位移计算曲线与试验曲线吻合较好。     

钢筋混凝土箱型墩的双向恢复力特性

为了建立钢筋混凝土箱型墩在双向地震作用下弹塑性响应的简化分析模型,对其在双向反复荷载作用下的荷载位移恢复力特性进行了研究.首先介绍了钢筋混凝土箱型墩双向拟静力试验的基本情况及其破坏模式.其次,结合双向压弯作用下钢筋混凝土箱型截面的弯矩曲率分析,建立了箱型墩构件峰值位移、极限位移和残余变形的计算方法,并提出了钢筋混凝土箱型墩荷载位移三折线骨架曲线和卸载刚度的计算公式,建立了相应的理论恢复力模型.最后,利用试验结果,对理论恢复力模型进行分析和验证.结果表明,钢筋混凝土箱型墩在双向荷载作用下以弯曲破坏为主,实测和计算骨架曲线、滞回曲线吻合良好,考虑双向荷载作用的理论恢复力模型能够反映钢筋混凝土箱型墩的基本抗震性能.     

铝合金板式节点受弯滞回性能试验研究

为研究铝合金板式节点的受弯滞回性能,并与静力性能进行比较,完成了4个足尺试件的滞回加载及单调加载试验,并采用通用有限元软件ABAQUS对试验加载全过程进行数值模拟,得到了铝合金板式节点的破坏模式、弯矩-转角关系及耗能能力.采用分配梁对两杆进行对称加载,节点域为纯弯段.研究结果表明铝合金板式节点为典型半刚性节点,根据受力过程可分为弹性阶段、螺栓滑移阶段、孔壁承压阶段和破坏阶段,并得到节点弯矩-转角关系曲线.节点破坏模式为杆件净截面拉断,裂缝由杆件端头最外排螺孔处开始扩展.节点在破坏前无明显预兆,为典型脆性破坏,荷载-位移曲线没有下降段.节点滞回加载的骨架曲线与单调加载曲线接近,但滞回加载过程节点的累积损伤,导致节点延性低于单调加载.增加螺栓数量可改善节点耗能性能,使滞回曲线更加饱满.     

型钢混凝土梁-角钢混凝土柱框架恢复力模型特性研究

采用梁柱纤维模型对型钢混凝土梁-角钢混凝土柱组合框架滞回全过程开展数值仿真研究,并与试验结果对比. 在大量参数分析的基础上,探讨了此类组合框架滞回曲线特点,建立了单层单跨组合框架的荷载-位移恢复力模型,该模型可综合考虑轴压比和预应力度等的影响,能对此类组合框架在水平荷载作用下的滞回性能进行预测,其结果与试验及数值仿真结果一致. 相关研究可为简化结构弹塑性动力分析提供参考.      

低周反复荷载作用下钢筋混凝土异形柱框架的滞回性能分析

对一榀异形柱框架进行低周反复荷载试验研究,介绍了试验情况,对试件破坏过程及结果进行了描述,给出了荷载-位移曲线及骨架曲线;并基于框架试验数据,分析了模型的试验滞回特性,评估了框架的抗震性能,建立了框架的恢复力模型.得出如下结论:钢筋混凝土异形柱框架结构具有较好的滞回特性,变形特性介于剪力墙结构和普通框架结构之间;框架整体受力分析可采用退化三线型恢复力模型.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the