氧化对含钛高炉渣含钛相演变规律的影响

氧化条件下含钛高炉渣中含钛矿相的改变是含钛高炉渣综合利用的关键.通过扫描电子显微技术、X射线能谱分析、X射线物相分析和图像分析等手段,对氧化前的含钛高炉渣及其氧化改性后渣的形貌像进行分析.结果表明,氧化后渣中含钛相的形貌、成分和相结构等发生变化;钛的赋存状态也发生相应的改变,渣中攀钛透辉石和富钛透辉石几乎消失,渣中弥散分布的钛组分大部分转移到钙钛矿相,而且实现长大和粗化.     

由熔融高炉渣制备微晶玻璃

采用熔融法,由熔融高炉渣制备性能稳定的基础玻璃.通过对基础玻璃的差热分析确定微晶玻璃的热处理工艺制度.结合X射线衍射分析、扫描式电子显微镜观察等现代研究方法,确定了微晶玻璃热处理制度的最佳工艺参数,并研究了微晶玻璃的晶体生长方式.微晶玻璃的热处理最佳工艺参数为：核化温度850℃,保温1.5 h;晶化温度935℃,保温1 h.玻璃首先从表面开始析晶,然后逐步向内部生长.实验所得微晶玻璃的力学性能,如抗折强度、耐酸碱性和硬度,均优于天然大理石.     

碳氮化含钛高炉渣对铁沟捣打料抗氧化性及抗渣性的影响

测定碳氮化处理后含钛高炉渣的熔化特性,并研究在高炉铁沟捣打料中加入碳氮化含钛高炉渣后对材料抗氧化性及抗渣性的影响。结果表明,含钛高炉渣经碳氮化处理后,渣中主要的矿物相为氮化钛或碳氮化钛和钙镁黄长石或钙铝黄长石,渣中相的组成和含量受还原温度影响较大,随着渣的还原温度升高,还原渣的熔点呈上升趋势;将还原渣引入到高炉铁沟捣打料中,部分或完全替代碳化硅原料,可明显提高捣打料的抗氧化性,最佳的渣加入量为7%,过多将会导致捣打料抗氧化性减弱;因Ti(C,N)具有优良的抗渣性能,碳氮化含钛高炉渣的引入不影响高炉铁沟捣打料的抗渣性。     

Effects of additives on the phase transformation,occurrence state,and the interface of the Ti component in Ti-bearing blast furnace slag

The influences of additives on the phase transformation, occurrence state, and the interface of the Ti component in Ti-bearing blast furnace slag were investigated. After oxidation, most of the Ti component in the slag was enriched into the perovskite phase, which served as the Ti-rich phase during the crystallization process. The phase transformation, occurrence state, and the interface of the Ti component were observed to be affected by the addition of different types of agents. During the oxidation process, titanaugite and Ti-rich diopside phases gradually transformed into non-Ti phases (anorthite: CaMgSi₂O₆ and CaAl₂Si₂O₈) in the form of dendrites or columns, which were observed to be distributed at the surface of the perovskite phase. Several more cracks appeared along the grain boundaries of the perovskite phase after the addition of P₂O₅, facilitating the liberation of the perovskite phase. Composite additives combining both an acid and a base, such as CaO + CaF₂ or P₂O₅ + CaF₂, were used. We observed that the disadvantages of using single additives were successfully overcome.     

含钛高炉炉渣微波合成碳化钛及其介电性能测定

The preparation of functional material titanium carbide by the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag with microwave heating is an effective method for valuable metals recovery; it can alleviate the environmental pressure caused by slag stocking. The dynamic dielectric parameters of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag/pulverized coal mixture under high-temperature heating are measured by the cylindrical resonant cavity perturbation method. Combining the transient dipole and large π bond delocalization polarization phenomena, the interaction mechanism of the microwave macroscopic non-thermal effect on the titanium carbide synthesis reaction was revealed. The material thickness range during microwave heating was optimized by the joint analysis of penetration depth and reflection loss, which is of great significance to the design of the microwave reactor for the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag.     

调质高炉渣纤维化过程析晶行为的热力学研究

以Ca O-Mg O-Si O_2-Al_2O_3四元渣系为研究对象,利用Factsage 6.4热力学软件,研究冷却过程中黄长石等高熔点矿相的析出热力学现象,解析碱度、Mg O和Al_2O_3含量等因素对不同组分调质高炉渣中晶相析出的影响规律。结果表明:随着碱度的增加,析晶温度逐渐升高,液相量逐渐减少,黄长石的析出量先增加后减少,当碱度为1.2时黄长石的析出量达到最大;随着Mg O含量的增加,析晶温度逐渐升高,1 275~1 420℃黄长石的析出量逐渐增加,液相量逐渐减少,1 240~1 275℃黄长石的析出量逐渐减少,液相量逐渐增加;随着Al_2O_3含量的增加析晶温度逐渐增加。     

高炉炉缸死焦堆对渣滞留率的影响

采用三维动量守恒方程、标准k-ε双方程模型、VOF多相流模型以及多孔介质模型模拟计算了不同死焦堆状态下炉缸内的渣滞留量.结果表明:炉渣滞留主要集中在死焦堆中,死焦堆外围焦炭分布是决定渣滞留率的关键;最低渣-铁界面以下区域的状态对总渣滞留率影响很小.由于铁口附近渣铁水流速远大于死料柱中流速,形成了向铁口倾斜的气-渣界面,当铁口来风时需停止出铁,导致部分炉渣来不及排出炉缸,因此改善死料柱透液性是减少渣滞留量的有效手段.     

含钛高炉渣制备无机高分子复合絮凝剂及其性能研究

用盐酸溶解含钛高炉渣,将溶出液与聚硅酸按不同配比复合预聚,制得无机高分子复合絮凝剂MSF,对MSF的形貌和红外光谱进行分析;采用MSF处理模拟江水,对所形成絮体的粒径分布以及MSF的絮凝效果进行比较,并研究不同原水水质和pH值对MSF絮凝效果的影响。结果表明,按n(M)∶n(Si)为1∶2的配比所制MSF呈现为有较高伸展度、较粗枝杈的长链分枝形貌,形成的絮体粒径最大,对模拟江水的絮凝效果最好;在pH值为1.5～12.5时,絮体表面均呈现很强的正电性;MSF对原水水质和pH值的变化有较强的适应性。     

冷却方式对低钛高炉渣矿物组成和矿相结构的影响

应用X射线衍射仪、偏光显微镜和扫描电镜对水淬和空冷低钛高炉渣的矿相组成、显微结构、TiO2分布规律及其差异性进行研究.结果表明：水淬渣和空冷渣中主要矿物组成均为玻璃质、钙钛矿、钙铝黄长石和镁硅钙石,但是两种炉渣中各矿物组分含量相差较大,空冷渣中钙铝黄长石和钙钛矿的平均体积分数分别为62.5%和12.5%,是水淬渣中钙铝黄长石和钙钛矿的2.27倍和1.92倍,而玻璃质的平均体积分数不足水淬渣的1/3.水淬渣和空冷渣中矿相显微结构差异较大,空冷渣中钙铝黄长石为钉齿状,而水淬渣中钙铝黄长石为呈羽毛状和针状,且结晶粒度较小,钙钛矿在水淬渣和空冷渣中分别呈星点状和树枝状分布,两种炉渣中镁硅钙石都为纺锤体形;水淬渣中TiO2主要分布在钙钛矿、玻璃质和钙铝黄长石中,而空冷渣中TiO2主要分布在钙钛矿和钙铝黄长石中,并且空冷渣中钙钛矿TiO2的分布率比水淬渣高8.41%,空冷方式更有利于将TiO2聚集在钙钛矿中.     

高炉渣酸溶物基水热合成光催化剂的研究

以冶金高炉渣酸溶物为原料,采用水热法合成制备光催化剂,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对光催化剂的化学组分、比表面积等物性进行表征,并研究了水热反应过程中pH值、反应温度和反应时间对高炉渣酸溶物制光催化剂催化活性的影响。结果表明,所制光催化剂是一种比表面积较大的多孔材料,且具有良好的光催化活性;光催化氧化浓度为2 5 mg/L的甲基橙溶液陈化0.5 h后,其脱色率达到98.9%。     

真空碳热还原酸浸含钛高炉渣制备TiC分析

含钛高炉渣中含有20%~30%的TiO_2,是一种附加值较高的二次资源,但在综合利用过程中存在氧化物还原难度大,硅钛难分离,二次污染严重等问题。基于热力学理论基础,采用真空碳热还原联合酸浸工艺处理含钛高炉渣制备TiC。结果表明:真空有助于钛氧化物彻底还原,可实现渣中硅钛彻底分离,减少酸耗量,降低二次污染。真空碳热还原联合酸浸工艺处理含钛高炉渣(TiO_2含量23%左右)制备TiC的最佳条件为:炉渣粒度200目,还原温度1 673K,渣碳质量比100∶38。