基于随机决策准则的改进多级影响图机动决策方法

针对传统影响图机动决策方法需要由飞行员预先给出空战态势评估难于准确确定的先验似然函数,将随机决策理论引入到影响图机动决策当中,提出了基于随机决策准则的改进多级影响图机动决策方法. 该方法仅需在决策时刻评估潜在空战态势,依据决策准则便可以产生机动决策. 为了优化该方法,基于典型随机决策准则,分别设计了5种机动决策准则,在典型空战想定条件下仿真分析了各机动决策准则的特点. 仿真结果表明:在态势劣势时,后悔值准则决策效果较好;在态势优势时,悲观准则、乐观准则、折中准则、等概率准则决策效果较好.      

空战模拟中飞行晶质的引入

指出了空战模拟中一个重要但是经常被忽略的因素——飞行品质。在对现代空战分析的基础上首次阐述了飞行品质对空战模拟的影响。讨论了将飞行品质引入空战模拟的量化方法：引入飞行品质的影响系数F和将飞行品质作为辅助机动动作判据；并给出了引入影响系数F的具体步骤。     

基于MFO-HTN的超视距空战战术机动组合规划

针对超视距空战机动决策问题，提出基于战术机动组合的超视距空战决策模型。首先，利用参数化语言将超视距空战机动描述为两种典型形式，作为超视距空战战术的基本战术动作。其次，引入层次任务规划网络(HTN)模型，利用空空导弹攻击区描述空战态势，构建带参数的空战HTN模型。最后，将机动时间、可发射距离、可发射时间作为目标函数，构建多目标优化模型，采用飞蛾扑火算法对HTN网络参数进行优化求解。仿真实验表明，飞蛾扑火算法能够快速解算当前态势下的最优参数，所得到的空战战术机动序列能够达到战术目的。该算法模型可以为飞行员提供辅助决策，也为研究智能超视距空战提供了新的思路。     

迎头抢攻飞行轨迹数学建模及评估

为提升飞行员空战对抗训练水平,提出了对迎头抢攻空战训练建模评估.通过对迎头抢攻空战战术基本过程进行分解,建立了迎头抢攻空战战术飞行轨迹数学模型,确定了迎头抢攻空战战术的理想飞行轨迹.利用灰色关联度分析,根据实际轨迹与理想轨迹相似性,对迎头抢攻空战战术飞行轨迹进行评估.结合迎头抢攻战术在关键时刻对飞机轨迹的特定要求,综合得到飞行轨迹评估结果.案例验证该方法符合实际,可以有效反映航空兵空战训练对飞行轨迹的战术要求.     

基于Q-network强化学习的超视距空战机动决策

考虑到空空导弹对空战胜负的重要影响,针对空战态势状态特征连续、多维的情况以及传统方法缺乏对空战对抗中敌方策略的考虑,将强化学习应用到1vs1超视距空战机动决策。首先,建立了同时为对抗双方进行机动决策的强化学习框架,提出ε-纳什均衡策略来选取机动动作,并通过导弹攻击区优势函数来修正奖赏函数;其次,基于记忆库和目标网络训练Q-network,形成超视距空战机动决策的"价值网络";最后,设计了Q-network强化学习决策模型,并将机动决策过程分为了学习阶段与实战阶段。仿真结果表明:智能体可以感知空战的态势并作出合理的超视距空战机动决策。     

战术飞行机动动作仿真设计与实现

针对数据链飞机模拟器中飞行平台轨迹的终端实时显示问题,以飞机动力学运动方程为基础,构建了盘旋机动和斤斗机动过程的轨迹方程,并给出了机动动作设计的一般流程。通过建立基于时间戳的自适应交互多模(AIMM)时延补偿模型,使飞机动作显示与实际作战网络负载下的飞机状态保持同步。最后设定2种机动动作场景,对飞行机动轨迹予以演示，验证了所设计的可视化平台能有效模拟飞机进行盘旋和斤斗机动,实现了地面指挥所对模拟飞机飞行状态的实时监视,为空战仿真模拟训练奠定基础。     

基于被控变量设计的飞机动态逆控制律

分析了目前有人驾驶飞机控制律设计在结合动态逆控制方法时所存在的问题.参考广泛研究的分层结构的动态逆控制律,并根据机动飞行的要求对进行了有针对性的被控变量设计.通过将用于复合函数求导的雅克比行列式与动态逆相结合,采用非分层结构的Lie导数动态逆运算实现飞机绕速度矢量的滚转机动,仿真结果良好.该方法能够在减少逆运算次数的同时稳定系统状态,简化了目前所广泛研究的动态逆控制结构,并且很好的与目前飞行员指令信号相匹配.     

歼击机飞行员空中生理参数与飞行状态变化动态对应的可行性研究

利用歼××机载飞行参数记录系统和某型通用飞行训练质量评估专家系统,对飞行参数、飞行过程、飞行阶段、飞行动作和姿态进行动态识别,结合动态多参数生理检测仪的记录和分析,精确获得飞行员每一飞行瞬态的心率、呼吸率、体温、过载和体动情况,以及每一阶段的心率变异性时域和频域指标等生理指标。为空中动态精确分析飞行员的心理生理指标和脑力负荷的变化提供了一种方法和技术手段。     

基于蒙特卡洛树搜索方法的空战机动决策

针对空战中双方的机动决策问题,考虑角度、距离、速度变化以及高度优势函数,以赢取最大空战优势期望为目标,建立了空战双方机动决策模型,并引入蒙特卡洛树搜索方法进行求解,搜索策略采取极大极小搜索算法。针对双机对抗,通过仿真给出空战态势及空战优势变化曲线,结果表明:我机在整个空战过程中绝大部分是处于优势地位的,验证了使用蒙特卡洛树搜索方法进行空战机动决策的可行性,同时对算法的实时性进行了仿真,计算机动动作所用时间众数位于50~100ms区间内,达到了实时性要求。     

基于集对分析的预警机指挥多机编队空战态势评估

多机编队空战态势评估是预警机指挥多机群协同空战战术决策的重要组成部分。分析了预警机指挥下的多机编队空战态势评估。结合态势评估的常用方法建立了一种综合距离优势、角度威胁因子、速度威胁因子的集对分析的态势评估模型。该方法在既定编队间进行态势评估不仅考虑双方的各个态势因素,还考虑敌方友机编队、我方友机编队等因素对态势评估结果的影响。态势评估的组合方式表明态势评定是在敌我双方所有的编队中进行的,仿真结果表明:集对分析中势的概念可以直观反映空中态势的优劣,对不确定值i的分析全面反映了态势变化。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that