基于改进CV的图像分割

为了提高传统CV分割算法对含纹理的图像分割效果,该文分析了图像纹理分量的统计特性,在图像TV平滑的基础上,设计了新的保边平滑函数,建立了保边平滑模型;运用传统CV分割算法对平滑分量进行分割;根据不同平滑分量分割区域不同,设计了基于区域置信度的分割平滑收敛函数,解决了分割曲线消失问题.实验表明,相对于传统CV分割算法,该算法对自然图像分割的效果较好,对非一致区域不敏感.     

基于保边函数的图像去噪

为解决传统去噪算法对图像平滑区域效果较好,但存在边缘模糊且残余噪声较大的不足,在分析传统各向同性扩散的基础上,以去噪目的为先验知识建立保边去噪模型,提出了基于保边函数的图像去噪算法.该算法对图像平滑区域进行各向同性的平滑处理,保留了传统算法的优点;对图像边缘区域进行各向异性处理克服了传统算法的边缘模糊现象.实验结果表明:基于保边函数的去噪算法具有残余噪声较小和保边性,提高了图像的PSNR和视觉效果.但是对图像中的较小边缘误作为噪声被去除.     

基于序贯滤波的水平集图像分割

传统基于边缘的水平集分割模型对非均匀区域分割效果不理想,为了解决这一问题,本文分析了序贯滤波的平滑能力与滤波次数之间的关系,将序贯滤波与水平集分割相结合提出了基于序贯滤波的图像分割模型.为了实现自适应于图像内容的平滑,根据平滑分量分割区域的置信度,设计了图像分割的平滑指标,控制序贯滤波次数,使得不同平滑分量的轮廓曲线收敛于目标边界,改善了传统基于水平集方法对非均匀区域的分割效果.本文分割算法的F测度,精确率和召回率均高于传统模型,在一定程度上提高了非均匀区域的分割效果.     

基于图像多尺度分解的前景提取

为了弥补纹理对传统GrabCut提取结果的负面影响,本文分析了图像边缘和颜色分布的尺度特性,结合图像多尺度分解和GrabCut,提出了基于图像多尺度分解的前景提取模型.首先,该模型运用全变分对图像进行多尺度分解得到一系列平滑图像,该分解保护了图像边缘并平滑了纹理,压缩了图像区域颜色的分布范围;其次,将给定平滑图像前景颜色分布表示为高斯混合模型,并运用直方图形状分析方法优化了高斯混合模型的高斯函数个数,弥补了传统固定高斯函数个数的负面影响;最后,根据不同平滑图像的分割结果设计了迭代终止条件,使得从适当的分解尺度中提取前景.与传统前景提取算法相比较,该模型降低了纹理对前景提取的负面影响,其测评分数高于传统算法.     

基于曲线波的超声图像分割

为了提高前列腺超声图像分割的准确率,提出一种基于曲线波的半监督超声图像自动分割方法.首先,采用对微小波动敏感度高的Riemann-Liouville (RL)分数阶微分算子,突出模糊边界并增强超声图像的纹理;其次,运用曲线波变换对超声图像进行频域中的分解,获得不同子带分量以表达超声图像特征;然后,基于Adaboost的分类算法识别出超声图像中的病灶区和非病灶区;最后,采用中值滤波和腐蚀的方法使病灶区域边缘完整、平滑.实验表明,与运用共生矩阵及二进小波作纹理分析的分割结果比较,所提出的方法在准确率上有了很大的改进,分割超声图像效果更佳.     

有纹理保护的SAR海冰图像分割

针对传统的马尔科夫随机场算法中模型参数估计是全局的,及此算法描述非平稳SAR海冰图像是局限的,提出一种带有纹理保护的图像分割算法.该算法以区域为研究对象,首先利用分水岭分割算法对图像进行初始分割得到基本同质的区域,使该算法由像素水平提升到区域水平,这样能减少噪声对分割结果的影响.然后使用集成了纹理信息的空间语境模型和特征模型来描述对象函数,获得更稳定的模型参数估计,使得该算法具有描述局部行为的能力,改进了空间语境模型对图像非平稳性的适应性.通过对1幅合成图像和2幅真实合成孔径雷达海冰图像进行测试,将该算法与马尔科夫随机场算法和Gaussian混合模型算法比较,结果表明,该文算法优于上述2算法,在相同的场景内该文算法在产生平滑结果的同时也能保护纹理特征.     

含平滑处理的图像分割算法比较

图像理解的基础是图像语义分割。通过引入块形状复杂度并结合欧拉数,构建了过分割块合并的图模型图像分割算法(GM)。按照先图像平滑再图像分割的思路,把双向滤波、保边平滑、总变差结构提取平滑和滚动引导滤波等4种平滑算法与阈值分割、主动轮廓、粒子群优化算法和GM等4种分割算法相组合,形成16套先平滑再分割的两阶段图像分割算法。通过实验进行分割比较,并根据校正兰德指数(CRI)和杰卡德指数(JI)进行量化分析。实验结果表明:总变差结构提取平滑与GM相结合取得的分割结果最佳。t检验显示,平滑预处理能够显著提高GM算法的分割效果。     

基于CV模型改进的MRI图像分割方法

为解决灰度变化缓慢,边缘变化不明显的MRI图像的分割问题,在CV(Chan-Vese)模型的基础上,改进了CV模型的能量泛函,同时用新的g(R)来替换Dirac函数,优化了CV模型的参数,提高了CV模型的分割精度和分割速度。首先,引入了一个新的局部项。通过对图像进行局部直方图均衡化预处理,用预处理过的图像与原图像相减得到目标边缘变化较为明显▽I,将其作为局部项引入到CV模型的能量泛函。然后,由局部项构建新的边缘指示函数。用新构建的边缘指示函数g(R)代替Dirac函数,解决了CV模型演化曲线不能检测远离目标的边缘的问题。最后,优化平滑项参数,减少迭代次数提高运行效率。实验结果显示,本算法对脑部复发性胶质母细胞瘤的MR图像具有较好的分割效果。     

基于CV模型改进的磁共振成像图像分割方法

为解决灰度变化缓慢、边缘变化不明显的磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)图像的分割问题,在CV(Chan-Vese)模型的基础上,改进了CV模型的能量泛函,同时用新的边缘指示函数来替换Dirac函数,优化了CV模型的参数,提高了CV模型的分割精度和分割速度。首先,引入了一个新的局部项。用局部直方图均衡化预处理过的图像与原图像相减得到目标边缘变化较为明显的图像,并将其作为局部项引入到CV模型的能量泛函。然后,由局部项构建新的边缘指示函数。用新构建的边缘指示函数代替Dirac函数,解决了CV模型演化曲线不能检测远离目标的边缘的问题。最后,优化平滑项参数,减少迭代次数提高运行效率。实验结果显示,算法对脑部复发性胶质母细胞瘤的MRI图像具有较好的分割效果。     

基于自适应结构张量的FCM改进算法

针对传统模糊C均值聚类算法对图像特征描述单一,易受图像复杂纹理干扰而出现误分割的问题,提出一种基于自适应结构张量的FCM算法,并将其应用于图像分割.打破传统高斯滤波器在滤波方向和角度上所受限制,采用基于各向异性滤波的结构张量;引入图像边缘密度函数,用以衡量图像节点的平滑性,自适应地计算各向异性滤波函数所占比例;定义一种自适应结构张量相似性度量标准,用以计算图像中节点与聚类中心点的结构相似性,有效地代替了传统FCM中的灰度相似性度量标准;采用一种新颖的节点间距离度量公式来计算图像中节点与聚类中心点的差异.仿真结果表明,对结构复杂的图像,改进算法获得了更加精确的分割结果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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