中碳铝硅镇静钢连铸坯的高温延塑性

采用Ｇｌｅｅｂｌｅ－１５００热模拟实验机测试了宝钢生产的易出现角模裂纹缺陷的中碳铝硅镇静钢ＧＲ４１５１连铸坯的高温延塑性，并通过金相、扫描电镜等对拉断后试样的断口及组织形貌进行了分析检验。结果表明：ＧＲ４１５１钢在熔点￣７００℃的温度区间存在２个脆性区域，即熔点￣１３３０℃的第Ｉ脆性区和８６０￣７４０℃的第Ⅲ脆性区，γ单相域ＡＩＮ等氮化物在γ晶界析出在γ＋α两相区先共析铁素体叶网状并在γ晶界析出是     

中碳亚包晶成分钢连铸坯角横裂的防止对策

宝钢生产的中碳亚包晶成分钢连铸坯角横裂属于沿晶界的开裂，主要发生在８５０℃以下温度，对３个钢种连铸坯试样的高温力学性能的测定表明，在ε＝４×１０＾－３／ｓ应变速率下，所测钢种在熔点～７００℃范围存在两个脆性温度区域，即熔点～１３５０℃的第Ｉ脆性温度区域和８５０～７２５℃的第Ⅲ脆性温度区域，在第Ⅲ脆性温度区域，γ单相域Ａ１Ｎ等氮化物在γ晶界的析出和在γ＋α两相区先共析α相呈网膜状，在γ晶界的析出是造     

高碳钢连铸板坯高温力学性能

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机测量了高碳钢连铸板坯的高温力学性能,得到了第Ⅰ、第Ⅲ脆性温度区的温度范围.结果表明:第Ⅰ脆性温度区脆化的主要原因是晶界部位的低熔点物质在高温下首先熔化,从而导致试样沿晶界开裂;第Ⅲ脆性温度区脆化的主要原因是在奥氏体部位析出的网状铁素体导致试样沿晶界开裂;在奥氏体单相区,由于氮化铝的析出导致钢种的塑性恶化.     

高铝TRIP钢的高温力学性能

利用Gleeble3500试验机研究汽车用C-Mn-Al系TRIP钢的高温力学性能,测定了零塑性温度和零强度温度,应用差示扫描量热法测定其相变区间,采用扫描电镜和光学显微镜分析了不同拉伸温度对应的断口宏观形貌及断口附近组织组成.该钢种零塑性温度和零强度温度分别为1425℃和1430℃,第Ⅰ脆性区间为1400℃~熔点,第Ⅲ脆性区间为800~925℃.第Ⅲ脆性区脆化的原因是α铁素体从γ晶界析出,试样从975℃冷却至700℃过程中,随着α铁素体析出比例的增大,断面收缩率先减小后增大.基体α铁素体比例为8.1%时(850℃),断面收缩率降至28.9%;而拉伸温度在800℃以下时,基体α铁素体比例超过16.7%,断面收缩率回升至38.5%以上.该钢种在1275.6℃时开始析出少量粗大的AlN颗粒,但对钢的热塑性没有影响.     

Cu、As和Sn对低合金钢连铸坯第Ⅲ脆性区的影响

为了研究残余元素Cu、As和Sn对钢高温延塑性的影响,采用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机测试了含有一定量Cu、As和Sn低合金钢连铸坯的高温延塑性,得到了低合金钢第Ⅲ脆性温度区在920～730℃之间.结果表明:第Ⅲ脆性温度区脆化的主要原因是奥氏体单相区低温域钢中Cu、As和Sn等残余元素在奥氏体晶界的偏聚削弱晶界结合能,导致试样沿晶脆性断裂;奥氏体和铁素体两相区在原奥氏体晶界析出的网状铁素体导致试样沿晶开裂.钢中的Cu、As和Sn元素增加第Ⅲ脆性温度区的宽度和脆性凹槽的深度,同时提高第Ⅲ脆性温度区的上限临界温度.     

608钢回火脆性的研究

本文研究了６０８钢第二类回火脆性问题。通过实验测得该钢此类脆性的温度区段 约４５０—７００℃．初步探索了通过显微组织鉴别回火脆性的可能性。应用俄歇电子能 谱分析初步确认：回火后缓慢冷却过程中，磷、硼等杂质元素在原奥氏体晶界层的偏 聚，是使该钢产生回火脆性的主要原因；而铬、锰、镍等合金元素的存在及于近晶界 区的偏析，也是促进回火脆化的重要因素。指出了消除该钢回火脆性的途径：当在脆 化温区回火后可施以快速水冷；可在该钢原定成分的基础上附加适量的合金元素相．     

HQ-70钢热影响区韧性的研究

采用热模拟试样研究了 ＨＱ－７０钢热影响区的性能和组织。试验了焊后５００～７００℃ 回火对过热区韧性的影响。结果表明ＨＱ－７０钢在该区具有再热脆性。出现再热脆性的 主要原因是晶界粗大碳化物的析出和晶内二次硬化。此外，磷在晶界的偏也是另一重 要原因。     

第三代汽车钢的热塑性及断裂机理

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机,对第三代汽车钢(TG钢)在不同的变形温度下进行了热拉伸试验,研究其热塑性的变化运用光学显微镜和扫描电镜分析了实验钢热变形的断口形貌及断裂机理.发现实验钢的强度随温度的升高而降低,热塑性曲线分为第Ⅰ脆性区、高温塑性区和第Ⅲ脆性区三个区域,其中第Ⅲ脆性区存在两个塑性极小值.在1300～800℃时实验钢的组织为奥氏体,断裂方式为连孔延性断裂,动态再结晶使韧窝分离前发生了较大的塑性变形,断口为大而深的韧窝;750℃时实验钢沿奥氏体晶界析出铁素体,断裂方式为界面断裂,断口既存在着铁素体内聚失效形成的小的孔洞,也存在由于裂纹沿奥氏体晶界扩展形成的石块状形貌;650℃由于出现了铁素体的准解理,实验钢的塑性下降,热塑性曲线再次出现极小值.     

第三代汽车钢的热塑性及断裂机理

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机,对第三代汽车钢(TG钢)在不同的变形温度下进行了热拉伸试验,研究其热塑性的变化.运用光学显微镜和扫描电镜分析了实验钢热变形的断口形貌及断裂机理.发现实验钢的强度随温度的升高而降低,热塑性曲线分为第Ⅰ脆性区、高温塑性区和第Ⅲ脆性区三个区域,其中第Ⅲ脆性区存在两个塑性极小值.在1300～800℃时实验钢的组织为奥氏体,断裂方式为连孔延性断裂,动态再结晶使韧窝分离前发生了较大的塑性变形,断口为大而深的韧窝;750℃时实验钢沿奥氏体晶界析出铁素体,断裂方式为界面断裂,断口既存在着铁素体内聚失效形成的小的孔洞,也存在由于裂纹沿奥氏体晶界扩展形成的石块状形貌;650℃由于出现了铁素体的准解理,实验钢的塑性下降,热塑性曲线再次出现极小值.     

合金弹簧钢连铸坯高温力学性能分析

为了时合金弹簧钢高温力学性能进行分析,采用Gleeble1500热模拟试验机测试了典型弹簧钢钢种SUP9、50CrVA、60Si2Mn的高温力学性能,绘制了3个钢种在600～1 350℃区间内的抗拉强度和热塑性曲线.应用扫描电镜对试样断口形貌进行观察,分析了3个钢种在不同温度区间的断裂机理,讨论了钢种成分及夹杂物对高温力学性能的影响.研究发现:SUP9、50CrVA、60Si2Mn存在第Ⅰ脆性区(Tm～1 315℃,Tm～1 281℃,Tm～1 316℃)和第Ⅲ脆性区(600～930℃,650～956℃,600～980℃).前者产生的原因是高温下枝晶间有害元素S、P和O富集形成液膜,后者是由于奥氏体晶界出现铁素体薄膜以及细小AlN的析出.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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