Laboratory and field studies of the female sex pheromone of the olive moth,Prays oleae

Summary Analysis by GC-EAG indicates that abdominal tip extracts of femalePrays oleae contain a tetradecenal. Synthetic (Z)-7-tetradecenal elicits a strong EAG respones from maleP. oleae and field tests it to be comparable in attractancy with the virgin female moth. (Z)-9-Tetradecenal also produces a strong EAG response but it is not an attractant and, when added to (Z)-7-tetradecenal, markedly reduces trap catches.Acknowledgments. The authors are indebted to Mr N. Psylakis, Agricultural Research Centre, Chania, Crete, and to Dr D. Vassilopoulos, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, for providing facilities for this work. They thank the Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London, for moth species confirmation.     

(±)9, 10-dihydroxy-Δ 6a(10a)-tetrahydrocanabinol and (±)8, 9-dihydroxy-Δ 6a(10a)-tetrahydrocannabinol: 2 new cannabinoids fromCannabis sativa L.

Summary The structures of 2 new polyhydroxylated cannabinoids, (±)9, 10-dihydroxy- ^6a(10a)-tetrahydorcannabinol and (±)8, 9-dihydroxy- ^6a(10a)-tetrahydrocannabinol, obtained from a hexane extract of an IndianCannabis variant were determined by spectral means and correlation with cannabinol.Acknowledgments. Supported by contract No. HSM-42-70-109 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi. The authors are grateful to Mrs Glenda Lewis (Research Institute) for running the gas chromatographic analyses and to Mr C. Versluis (Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, University Of Utrecht, The Netherlands) for recording an element list of both compounds.Cannabis Herbarium specimens are stored in the herbarium, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.     

Cannabiripsol: A novelCannabis constituent

Summary Cannabiripsol [(–)(6aR, 9S, 10S, 10aR)9,10-dihydroxy-hexahydrocannabinol] (1), a new cannabinoid was isolated from a South African Cannabis variant. The structure was determined by spectral means and by synthesis.Acknowledgments. This work was supported by contract HSM-42-70-103 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse and by the Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677. —Cannabis Herbarium specimens are stored in the Herbarium, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi.To whom inquiries should be addressed.     

Effects of a mammalian cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor on adipocyte ultrastructure and metamorphosis inRhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera)

Summary A potent inhibitor of cholesterol biosynthesis in rodents [BMVA; 5-(4-biphenylyl)-3-methylvaleric acid] inhibits metamorphosis of 4th stage larvae of the blood-sucking bugRhodnius prolixus.This work was supported in part by grants from the National Research Council of Canada awarded to Warner-Lambert Research Institute, Mississauga, Ontario.     

On the association between lysogeny and carcinogenicity in nitroquinolines and related compounds

Zusammenfassung In einer Serie von 16 Nitroquinolinen und verwandten Substanzen wurde eine gute Übereinstimmung zwischen Phageninduktion inEscherichia coli C-600 und Karzinogenese nachgewiesen.

---

---

Supported by grants No. C-6516 and FR-05526 from the National Cancer Institute and Contract NO. PH 86-66-169 from the Division of Air Pollution, U.S.P.H.S. We thank Dr.Y. Kawazoe of the National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, for his generous gift of the compounds tested.     

Testosterone in royal jelly

Summary A compound with immunoreactivity, and TLC and GLC mobility of testosterone was isolated from royal jelly of honeybee (Apis mellifera). This is the first demonstration of vertebrate steroid hormone in this species.Acknowledgment. Supported by USPHS grants DE Nos 04039-05 and 05666-03 from the National Institute of Dental Research, NIH.     

Isolation and structural elucidation of 3,6-dioxo-hexahydro-pyrrolo [1,2-a]-pyrazine from the echinodermLuidia clathrata

Zusammenfassung Es wird über die Isolierung und Charakterisierung der Titelverbindung (Gly-l-Pro Lactam, I) aus dem SeesternLuidia clathrata berichtet. Die Kristallstruktur dieses Dioxopiperazinderivats wurde ermittelt. Der Piperazinring liegt in der Wannen-Konformation vor.

---

---

This investigation was supported by contract No. NIH-71-2308 from Chemotherapy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health and by Public Health Service Research Grant No. CA-11451-03 from the National Cancer Institute. The authors also gratefully acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation which provided the X-ray diffractometer and mass spectrometer. For the previous contribution of this series seeG. R. Pettit, R. H. Ode andT. B. Harvey, III, Lloydia,36 (1973).     

Labile protein-methyl ester: Comparison between chemically and enzymatically synthesized

Summary The rate of hydrolysis of protein-methyl ester, the enzymatic product of S-adenosylmethionine: proteincarboxyl methyltransferase (EC.2.1.1.24) acting on oxidized ribonuclease, was measured at pH 7.1 and 8.6 at 37°C. The half-life of the hydrolysis of the ester is 25 min at pH 7.1, and 4 min at 8.6. The rate of hydrolysis of the enzymatically formed esters at pH 7.0, in 0.1M phosphate buffer, was about 25 times faster than that of esters formed chemically by reaction with methanol in HCl. The lability of the enzymatically synthesized protein-methyl ester suggests that the esterification is specific to sites such that ionization of neighboring amino acid side chains enhances the rate of the hydrolysis.Acknowledgments. This work was supported by Research Grants AM 09603 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, CA 10439 and CA 12226 from the National Cancer Institute, 1-P01-HD-05874 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, GM 20594-03 from National Institute of General Medical Sciences, USA.     

Antineoplastic agents 32. The pseudoguaianolide helenalin

Zusammenfassung Aus der PflanzeHelenium autummnale (Familie compositae) wurde ein alkolischer Extrakt gewonnen, der cytotoxische und antileukämische Aktivität zeigte und die Helenalin (I) als wirksame Komponente enthielt. Die Behandlung von Mäusen, die Träger von P 388 lymphocytischer Leukämie waren, ergab eine beachtliche (T/C 220) Verlängerung ihrer Lebenserwartung. Die Substanz zeigte ausserdem einen wachstumshemmenden Einfluss auf das Walker 256 Karzinom. Helenalin ist das erste Sesquiterpen vom Pseudoguaianolid Typ, welches in vivo eine solche antineoplastische Aktivität zeigt.

---

---

For part 31, refer toG. R. Pettit, P. Traxler andC. P. Pase, Lloydia36, in press (1973).

---

This investigation was supported by Public Health Service Research Grants No. CA-10612-01 to No. CA-10612-04 from the National Cancer Institute and was performed pursuant to contract No. NCI-C-71-2308 with the Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health, Education and Welfare. A grant from the C.S.I.R. (South Africa) to G.M.C. is also gratefully acknowledged. In addition, we are indebted to Dr.L. Johnston for identifying theHelenium autumnale, toBetty J. Abbot and her colleagues at the National Cancer Institute, for the biological studies, and toJ. F. Day for assisting with both the laboratory scale and preparative scale plant extraction procedures.     

The amphibian lens: a three month organ culture

Zusammenfassung Mit zwei verschiedenen Medien ist es erstmals gelungen, Augenlinsen vonRana catesbeiana mehr als 6 Wochen zu kultivieren. Die Wanderung und Teilung der Epithelzellen wird beschrieben.

---

---

This work was supported by United States Public Health Service Grant No. EY 00281-06 from the National Eye Institute.     

4-Hydroxyurazole

Zusammenfassung Durch Hydroxylaminolyse von 1,2-bis (äthoxycarbonyl)hydrazin wurde Natriumsalz von 1-Äthoxycarbonyl-2-hydroxylaminocarbonylhydrazin hergestellt und mit wässeriger Salzsäure auf pH<1 in 4-Hydroxyurazol (N-Hydroxybicarbamimid) synthetisiert.

---

---

This investigation was supported by Contract No. PH43-65-94 with Chemotherapy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service.     

Bombykol biosynthesis from deuterium-labeled (Z)-11-hexadecenoic acid

Summary (Z)-[11,12d ₂]-11-Hexadecenoic acid was applied topically to the pheromone gland of silkworm pupa. After eclosion, the gland components were analyzed by capillary GC-MS. (Z)-11-Hexadecenoic acid, a characteristic fatty acid of the gland, was found to be a precursor of bombykol, (Z)-11-hexadecenol and bombyk acid.We are greatful to Dr Y. Tamaki and Mr H. Sugie of the National Institute of Agricultural Science for mass spectrometric analysis and Dr M. Noda of Kyoto Prefectural University for valuable discussion. This work was supported by a Grant-in-aid for Scientific Research (to K.H. No. 56112011) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan.     

The effects of IPC,CIPC, sevin and zectran onBacillus subtilis

Résumé On a étudié les effets phénotypiques et génotypiques de 2 insecticides (Sevin et Zectran) et 2 herbicides (IPC et CIPC) surB. subtilis. Les composés carbamiques inhibent la croissance, induisent une tendance à la formation de longues chaînes. Ils n'ont toutefois pas un effet mutagénique sur le locus de l'indole deB. subtilis.This work was supported by Research Contract No. PH 43-64-57 National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service and is paper No. 40 published under this contract.     

Role of visual and auditory cues in mating behavior of two desert species ofDrosophila

Summary The effects of visual and auditory cues on mating behavior was examined for 2 members of theDrosophila nannoptera species group. Results indicate that visual and auditory signals do not play a significant role in mating success inDrosophila acanthoptera andD. species W.Acknowledgments. This study was supported by a Division of Research Resources-National Institute of Health, Minority Biomedical Support grant (RR 07152-04) awarded to M.C.J. The grant provides a stipend for E.S.G. who is completing requirements for her Master of Science degree in Biology. Send reprint requests to M.C.J.     

Cell fusion as a mechanism for the origin of polyploid cells in vitro

Zusammenfassung In Kulturen vonPeromyscus maniculatus und inMuntiacus muntjak wurden Tetraploidzellen gefunden, die als Produkte von Zellfusionen aufgefasst werden. Es wird angenommen, dass die ursprünglichen diploiden Elemente sich im Zeitpunkt der Fusion in verschiedenen Phasen des Zellzyklus befunden haben.

---

---

Supported in part by NIH fellowship No. 1-F02-CA-42, 531-02 from the National Cancer Institute, USPHS grant No. GM-15361, and Grant No. E 286 from the American Cancer Society.     

Electrophoretic patterns of ribonucleases in normal and habituated plant tissues

Riassunto É stata fatta un'indagine elettroforetica delle RNasi di tessuti vegetali normali ed abituati diHaplopappus gracilis, diNicotiana glauca e diNicotiana bigelovii, coltivati in vitro. Sono state notate delle differenze nei complementi RNasici dei tessuti abituati rispetto a quelli dei tessuti normali. I risultati sono discussi brevemente in relazione alle loro implicazioni col problema dei tumori nelle piante.

---

---

Part of this study was supported by the Contract No. SC/001-096-1 BIAN between the European Atomic Energy Community and the University of Pisa, Institute of Genetics.

---

Publication No. 26 from Laboratorio di Mutagenesi e Differenziamento del C.N.R., Pisa, Italy.     

On the presence of dihydroxyphenylalanine decarboxylase in nerves

Zusammenfassung Durchtrennung des Rückenmarks führt zu einer Verminderung der Aktivität des Enzymsl-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanin-decarboxylase (DOPA-Decarboxylase) in den kaudalen Teilen um 75% (in-vivo-Werte) bis 95% (in-vitro-Werte). Die Decarboxylaseaktivität in der Rattenmilz wird nach Exzision des Ganglion Coeliacum ebenfalls erheblich vermindert. Man kann daher annehmen, dass die DOPA-Decarboxylase in den absteigenden Rückenmarksnerven und in den sympathischen Nerven der Milz vorkommt.

---

---

This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness (NB 04359-01), United States Public Health Service and the Swedish Medical Research Council.     

Volatile compounds associated with estrus in mouse urine: Potential pheromones

Summary Female mice that had been made estrous through hormone implantation excreted in their urine significantly enhanced levels of n-pentyl acetate,cis-2-penten-1-yl acetate, p-toluidine, 2-heptanone, and 3 unsaturated ketones. The relationship of these volatiles to a signaling function of the estrous urine is postulated. Structural elucidations of these compounds were carried out through capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and the synthesis of authentic samples.We gratefully acknowledge support of this research by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (grant No. PHS RO1 HD 14889-02). Author for correspondence: M.N.     

Naphthoquinone derivatives from the fungusHendersonula toruloidea

Summary 2 yellow naphthoquinone derivatives were isolated from several pathogenic strains ofHendersonula toruloidea Nattrass. They were identified as 2,7-dimethoxy-6-ethyl-5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and 2,7-dimethoxy-5-hydroxy-6-(1-acetoxyethyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone by means of physico-chemical methods.Thanks are due to Mr A.J.M. van Beijnen, Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, State University of Utrecht, for optical rotation measurements.The authors are indebted to Mr C. Versluys, Analytical Laboratory, State University of Utrecht, for measuring the mass spectra.We thank Mr J. W. Marsman, Institute for Organic Chemistry TNO, Utrecht, for the PMR-spectra.     

The generality of the nitroso-glyoxylate reaction: Conversion ofp-nitronitrosobenzene to the hydroxamic acid

Summary The reaction of glyoxylic acid withp-nitronitrosobenzene (1b) in dilute aqueous solution gave the hydroxamic acid (2b) as the major detectable product. The significance of this observation with respect to the title reaction is discussed.This study was supported by grant No. CA 32395 from the National Cancer Institute, and by Research Career Development Award ES 00120 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, DHHS.