多个滞时微分方程的Runge－Kutta法的数值稳定性分析

本文将Ｒｕｎｇｅ－Ｋｕｔｔａ法应用于解多个滞时的微分方程．主要研究该方法数值解线性试验方程ｙ＇（ｔ）＝ａｙ（ｔ）十ｂ１ｙ（ｔ—τ１）十ｂ２ｙ（ｔ—τ２）（其中τ２≥，τ１＞０，ａ，ｂ１，ｂ２为复数）的稳定性态．我们证明满足条件ｄｅｔ（Ｉ—ｘＡ）＝０ｄｅｔ［Ｉ—Ａ十ｘｅｂＴ」≠０（ｘ∈Ｃ）的Ｒｕｎｇｅ－Ｋｕｔｔａ法是ＧＰ－稳定的当且仅当该方法是Ａ－稳定的．     

一类中立型微分差分方程解的振动性与渐近性

研究了微分差分方程ｘ（ｋ）－∑Ｃｋｘ（６－τｋ）＋∑Ｐｉ（ｔ）ｘ（ｔ－ｒ）＝０的振动性渐近性，其中０〈τ〈τ２〈…〈τｍ，０〈ｒ１〈ｒ２〈…〈ｒｎ，Ｃｋ≥０均为常数（ｋ＝１，２，…），Ｐｉ（ｔ）≥０连续（ｉ＝１，２，…ｍ），改进并推广了已知的一些结果。     

具有正整指数干扰的二阶时滞方程的稳定性

利用定性分析方法和代数理论中代数方程根的性质，研究了具有正整指数干扰的二阶时滞方程组ｘ．（ｔ）＝ｋ１／（１＋ｙ（ｔ））－ｂ１ｘｍ（ｔ），ｙ．（ｔ）＝ｋ２ｘ（ｔ）－ｂ２ｙｐ（ｔ－τ）ｙｑ（ｔ），τ≥０｛正平衡态的稳定性，其中ｋ１，ｋ２，ｂ１和ｂ２是正常数，ｐ，ｑ和ｍ为干扰的正整常数．文中得到了方程组正平衡态的存在唯一性条件以及正平衡态无条件局部稳定的充要条件．解决了ｐ＝ｑ＝ｍ＝１时的相应问题且将其推广到ｐ，ｑ，ｍ皆为正整数的情形．所得条件易于检验和使用     

一无穷次多项式系统的极限环

无穷次多项式系统ｄｘｄｔ＝－ｙ＋ｄ·ｘ＋ｘ２ｄ·ｘｙ－ｙ２－α（１＋ｙ）ｆ（ｙ）ｄｙｄｔ＝ｘ（１＋ａｘ＋ｙ）（Ｅ）的极限环,其中α≥０,ｆ（ｙ）＝ｅｙ－１＝∞ｍ＝１１ｍ！ｙｍ．本文作者证明了当ａｄ≤０或ａｄ≥３时,（Ｅ）在全平面上无极限环,当３＞ａｄ＞０,｜ｄ｜１时,（Ｅ）有唯一的包围原点的极限环．本文是文〔１〕结论的推广．     

高阶摄动波动方程的Lp-Lp′估计

考虑下面高阶摄动方程解ｕ（ｘ,ｔ）的ＬｐＬｐ′估计：ｔｕ＋（－Δ）ｍｕ＋Ｖ（ｘ）ｕ＝０,ｕ（ｘ,０）＝０,ｕｔ（ｘ,０）＝ｆ（ｘ）,｛ｘ∈Ｒｎ,ｎ＞３ｍ．假设势函数Ｖ（ｘ）和初值ｆ（ｘ）具紧支集,Ｖ（ｘ）是小势,则上面问题的解满足‖ｕ（·,ｔ）‖ｐ′≤ｃｔ－ｄ‖ｆ‖ｐ,ｔ＞０,这里ｍ≥１,ｄ＝ｎｍ（１ｐ－１ｐ′）＝１,１ｐ＋１ｐ′＝１,ｍ２ｎ≤１ｐ－１２＜ｍｎ．     

角形域上二维Bernstein算子的一致逼近定理

１９８６年,Ｄｉｔｚｉａｎ在文献［１］中定义了单纯形上ｍ维Ｂｅｒｎｓｔｅｉｎ算子,并给出了单纯形上二维Ｂｅｒｎｓｔｅｉｎ算子的一致逼近的逆定理．本文引进Ｓ＝｛（ｘ,ｙ）｜０≤ｘ≤ｙ≤１｝上二维Ｂｅｒｎｓｔｅｉｎ算子为　Ｂｎ（ｆ;ｘ,ｙ）＝∑ｎｋ＝０∑ｋｊ＝０ｆ（ｊｎ,ｋｎ）Ｐｎ,ｋ,ｊ（ｘ,ｙ）式中　Ｐｎ,ｋ,ｊ（ｘ,ｙ）＝ｎｋｋｊｘｊ（ｙ－ｘ）ｋ－ｊ（１－ｙ）ｎ－ｋ．本文应用Ｋ泛函,借鉴文献［１］中Ｄｉｔｚｉａｎ的处理方法,讨论了二维Ｂｅｒｎｓｔｅｉｎ算子在连续函数空间Ｃ（Ｓ）中的一些逼近性…     

方差分量生长曲线模型中回归系数线性估计的泛容许性

讨论了方差分量生长曲线模型： Ｙ＝ Ｘ１ Ｂ Ｘ２′＋ ε Ｅ（ε） ＝ ０ Ｖａｒ（ Ｖｅｃ（ε）） ＝ ＷθΣ＝ ∑ｍｉ＝ １ θｉ Ｖｉ Σ其中 Ｙ、ε为ｎ ×ｐ 的随机矩阵; Ｘ１、 Ｘ２ 分别为ｎ ×ｋ、ｐ ×ｑ 的设计矩阵; Ｖｉ ≥０, ｉ＝１,２,…,ｍ ; Σ≥０已知; Ｂ、θｉ ≥０（或＞ ０）, ｉ＝ １,２,…,ｍ 都是参数。在损失函数（ｄ － Ｋ Ｂ Ｌ）（ｄ － Ｋ Ｂ Ｌ）′下我们给出了可估函数 Ｋ Ｂ Ｌ的线性估计的泛（Φ） 容许性定义, 得到了 Ｍ Ｙ Ｎ（ Ｍ Ｙ Ｎ ＋ Ｃ） Ｋ Ｂ Ｌ的泛容许性估计的充要和充分条件     

一类奇摄动三阶时滞微分方程边值问题

在本文中,我们利用微分不等式理论研究下列奇摄动三阶ＲＦＤＥ：εｙ′″（ｔ）＝ｆ（ｔ,ｙ（ｔ）,ｙ（ｔ－τ）,ｙ′（ｔ－τ）,ｙ″（ｔ）,ε）,ｔ∈（０,１）ｙ（ｔ）＝θ（ｔ）,ｔ∈［－τ,０］,ｙ′（０）＝θ′（０）,ｙ′（１）＝Ａ｛的边值问题,证明了解的存在性,并给出了解的有效估计式．     

多滞量具有正负系数的一阶中立型时滞微分方程的稳定性

本文考虑一阶中立型时滞微分方程（１）：［ｘ（ｔ）＋Σ＾ｎ１ｉ＝１ｃｉ（ｔ）ｘ（ｔ－ｒｉ）］＾１＋Σ＾ｎ２ｋ＝１ｐｋ（ｔ）ｘ（ｔ－τｋ）－Σ＾ｎ３ｊ＝１ｑｉ（ｔ）ｘ（ｔ－σｊ）＝０的稳定性。这里ｐｋ（ｔ），ｑｉ（ｔ）∈Ｃ（［ｔ０，＋∞），Ｒ），γｉ，τｋ，σｊ均为非负实数，我们建立了此方程的一个稳定性结果，较文献［６］讨论得更广泛，所得结论更深刻。     

整函数与基样条的关系

主要结果是：对ｆ∈Ｌ２（Ｒ），有ｌｉｍＥ（ｆ，π／σ，ｍ∩Ｌ２（Ｒ））２（Ｒ）＝Ｅ（ｆ，σ∩Ｌ２（Ｒ））２（Ｒ），且存在ｆ０∈Ｌ∞（Ｒ），使得ｌｉｎＥ（ｆ０，π／σ，ｍ∩Ｌ∞（Ｒ））∞（Ｒ）＞Ｅ（ｆ０，σ∩Ｌ∞（Ｒ））∞（Ｒ），其中π／σ，ｍ为ｍ－１次的以｛（１／２）ｊπσ－１（ｍ＋１）｝ｊ∈Ｚ为节点的基样条的全体，σ表示指数σ型的整函数在Ｒ的限制的全体，其中σ＞０。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-