丁二酸稀溶液的络合萃取

以磷酸三丁酯(TBP)、三烷基胺(7301)为络合剂,分别采用甲苯、异丙基甲酮、正辛醇、煤油作为稀释剂对丁二酸稀溶液进行络合萃取.结果表明混合型络合剂对丁二酸稀溶液进行萃取,可取得满意的分离效果,平衡分配系数D高达15.28;讨论了丁二酸溶液初始浓度、溶液pH值以及温度对络合萃取相平衡分配系数的影响.利用傅立叶红外光谱仪测定了负载有机相中萃合物的结构,对三烷基胺络合萃取丁二酸稀溶液的机理进行了探讨.     

磷酸三丁酯萃取间苯二酚的研究

以磷酸三丁酯(TBP)为络合剂，以正辛醇、环己烷、氯仿、四氯化碳、石油醚为稀释剂。测定了络合萃取剂(TBP)对间苯二酚溶液的相平衡分配系数(D)．讨论了TBP的含量、稀释剂、盐和体系pH值对萃取相平衡分配系数(D)的影响．确定了络合物的组成．     

反相纸层析法分离金属离子的研究

以溴代十二烷和硫脲为原料，在无水乙醇溶剂中，合成了S一十二烷基异硫脲盐酸盐．用它的乙醇溶液为固定相，以不同浓度的盐酸溶液为展开剂，对金属离子进行了反相纸层析并得出了Rf值.结果表明选择适当的展开剂，可成功地用该革取剂反相纸层析分离La－Ce、Pt－lr等组金属离子     

S—十烷基异硫脲盐酸盐反相纸层析分离金属离子的研究

以氯代十烷和硫脲为原料，在无水乙醇溶剂中，合成了Ｓ－十烷基异硫脲盐酸盐用经的乙醇溶液为固定相，以不同浓度的盐酸溶液为展开剂，对４４种金属离子进行了反相纸层析，并绘制了Ｒｆ图谱。结果表明选择适当的展开剂，能成功地用反相纸层析分离Ｍｏ－Ｗ，Ｌａ－Ｇｄ等金属离子。     

S－十烷基异硫脲盐酸盐反相纸层析分离金属离子的研究

以氯代十烷和硫脲为原料，在无水乙醇溶剂中，合成了Ｓ－十烷基异硫脲盐酸盐用它的乙醇溶液为固定相，以不同浓度的盐酸溶液为展开剂，对４４种金属离子进行了反相纸层析，并绘制了Ｒｆ图谱．结果表明选择适当的展开剂，能成功地用反相纸层析分离Ｍｏ－Ｗ，Ｌａ－Ｇｄ等金属离子．     

稀醋酸水溶液萃取动力学特性研究

以三烷基胺为萃取剂,正辛醇和煤油的混合物为稀释剂,采用恒界面池法,实验研究了稀醋酸水溶液的萃取动力学特性,考察了醋酸的初始浓度、搅拌速率、两相接触面积、萃取温度、萃取剂浓度等因素对醋酸萃取动力学特性的影响.实验结果表明,对于不同初始浓度的醋酸水溶液,萃取剂三烷基胺含量的增加可提高醋酸的萃取效果,在适当的搅拌速率和室温条件下,可以使醋酸的分配系数增大,而相界面的变化则对醋酸的萃取没有影响.     

S-苄基异硫脲盐酸盐反相纸层析分离金属离子的研究

以Ｓ－苄基异硫脲盐酸盐为固定相，以不同浓度的盐酸为展开剂，对４４种金属离子的反相纸层析行为进行了系统的研究．实验表明，Ｓ－苄基异硫脲盐酸盐对某些离子具有良好的选择性能，并能成功地分离两种或两种以上的混合物     

催化裂化柴油康醇萃取脱硫的研究

以康醇为萃取剂,在正十六烷中加入少量二苯并噻吩构成柴油模拟体系,考察了单级萃取中稀释荆含量、剂油比、温度对脱硫率和分配系数的影响。实验结果表明采用溶剂康醇脱除催化裂化（FCC）柴油中硫化物是可行的,康醇是一种较好的萃取剂。建立了在模拟体系中二苯并噻吩的萃取动力学方程：r表现＝0.19ＣＡ－60.6以及不同温度和不同稀释剂含量下的萃取平衡线。模拟体系萃取脱硫适宜的条件为φ（稀释剂）为0.01～0.05,剂油质量比为1.5～2.5,萃取温度30℃～50℃在该条件下,对催化裂化柴油进行萃取精制,精制柴油的各项指标均得到改善。     

羧酸在油水相中的分布

研究了甲酸和乙酸于水中和不同有机介质中的分配系数,重点研究了含21、24和27碳原子的三烷基叔胺对甲酸和乙酸的成盐萃取作用。同时,在不同稀释剂及其用量、温度以及甲酸和乙酸浓度的条件下,确定了小分子羧酸的分配系数及其变化规律,最后,根据有机羧酸叔胺盐的热分解行为获得了纯度达90％的甲酸和乙酸,从而为重有机工业的酸回收提供了工艺技术设计的依据。     

三烷基氧膦萃取草酸的稀释剂效应和盐析效应

测定了11种稀释剂对三烷基氧膦萃取草酸的分配比D的影响。结果表明，若按D的大小来排列，则芳烃类>烷烃类>卤代烃类。考察了无机盐MgCl2、NaCl、KCl对萃取过程的影响，发现D随着盐浓度的增加先下降后上升，探讨了产生这一现象的原因。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the