PET织物纳米TiO2抗紫外线整理及性能研究

通过对纯PET长丝织物浸轧焙烘纳米TiO2整理液,使织物表面附着纳米TiO2颗粒,并对织物表面形貌用SEM观察,发现纤维表面覆盖有一层纳米级颗粒,呈局部分散与团聚的不均匀状态.用紫外线防护系统测试织物,发现整理后织物具有较好的抗紫外线效果,且当纳米TiO2含量在1.5%时,抗紫外线效果最好.对织物皂洗20次后测试其抗紫外线效果,发现织物具有较好的耐洗性.对整理前后织物服用性能测试对比发现,纳米TiO2整理织物对织物服用性能几乎无影响.     

纳米TiO2/Ag复合水性温敏聚氨酯整理剂的应用研究

采用原位负载法制得纳米TiO2/Ag复合水性温敏聚氨酯(TiO2/Ag-WTSPU)乳液,将其用于织物整理,测试了整理织物的表面形貌、力学性能、抗紫外线及抗菌等性能,结果表明:整理后织物的力学性能、抗紫外线性以及抗菌性均增强,且随着纳米TiO2、Ag含量增加,各项性能更优异,当纳米TiO2、Ag含量均为0.4％时,织物的断裂强力和拉伸长度分别为393.2 N、42.2 mm;织物的紫外防护系数为53.7,长波紫外线透过率为4.96％;对大肠杆菌与金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果良好;且织物在20～30℃透湿量增加较明显,显示较好温敏特性,织物在40℃时的透湿量达2480 g/(m2·d).     

功能性粘胶纤维及其织物的研究

简述TiO2、ZnO陶瓷粉纳米材料的性能、TiO2、ZnO陶瓷粉纳米功能性粘胶纤维的研制方法及含TiO2、ZnO等陶瓷粉纳米功能性粘胶纤维及其织物的性能分析.试验表明,用纳米材料制成的粘胶长丝与绦纶长丝复合丝(3.4tex/30f)制成的织物耐洗色率度、耐摩色率度、耐汗渍色牢度、燃烧性能均有不同程度改善,织物的服用性能提高,并具有屏蔽和抗菌性能.     

利用射线束在TiO2纳米管上负载铜颗粒及其光电性能研究

采用阳极氧化法在钛金属表面制备出致密有序的TiO2纳米管阵列,利用紫外光和电子束辐照沉积技术分别在其上沉积铜纳米颗粒以提高其光电性能.利用场发射扫描电镜观察两种不同技术制备的TiO2纳米管阵列负载纳米铜结构的表面形貌.研究比较了不同制备方法得到的样品在紫外光和可见光照射下的光电效应,并讨论不同浸泡溶液浓度对其光电性能的影响.     

纳米TiO2在纺织品抗菌、抗紫外线整理中的研究

首先对纳米TiO2表面进行化学和物理处理,以降低其团聚作用,实现纳米尺度优良的分散性.然后详细讨论了纳米TiO2在纺织品抗菌、抗紫外线辐射整理中的作用机理,以及在纯棉织物上的应用.处理后赋予织物优良的抗菌、抗紫外效果,且服用性能不受影响.     

负载纳米TiO2织物的制备及其对甲醛的降解特性研究

采用浸渍法制备了负载纳米TiO2织物,探讨了不同纳米溶胶制备条件及基质布料对负载纳米TiO2织物增重率和甲醛降解特性的影响。结果表明：不同基质布料的负载纳米TiO2织物的制备条件差异较大;基质布料为棉布,采用聚乙烯醇/纳米TiO2溶胶制备法得到的负载纳米TiO2织物增重率最高,降解甲醛的效果最佳。     

负载纳米TiO_2织物的制备及其对甲醛的降解特性研究

采用浸渍法制备了负载纳米TiO2织物,探讨了不同纳米溶胶制备条件及基质布料对负载纳米TiO2织物增重率和甲醛降解特性的影响。结果表明：不同基质布料的负载纳米TiO2织物的制备条件差异较大;基质布料为棉布,采用聚乙烯醇/纳米TiO2溶胶制备法得到的负载纳米TiO2织物增重率最高,降解甲醛的效果最佳。     

载银方式对TiO_2纳米管抗菌性能的影响

以碱水热法制备的锐钛矿型TiO2纳米管为载体,分别采用银镜反应和紫外光照还原反应两种不同载银方式制备了载银TiO2纳米管,并利用TEM,XRD及DRS测试对产物形貌、物相组成及光学性能进行了表征。研究发现:紫外光照还原反应在TiO2纳米管表面负载了直径在5~20nm的纳米银颗粒,载银后TiO2纳米管的光吸收能力增强且吸收边带从404nm红移至421nm;而银镜反应则在TiO2纳米管表面生成了单质银层,载银后产物在波长范围335~800nm的光吸收能力增强,但同时过厚的银层也抑制了TiO2光生载流子的产生。另外,通过抑菌圈法和震荡烧瓶法对载银TiO2纳米管进行的抗菌测试表明,紫外光照还原载银TiO2纳米管的抗菌能力优于银镜反应载银TiO2纳米管的抗菌能力;同时,可见光照条件下两种载银TiO2纳米管的抗菌能力均比暗态条件下的抗菌能力有所提高。     

纳米TiO2的光催化作用及其负载

纳米TiO2 由于具有光催化活性而被广泛用于废水处理、空气净化、材料表面抗菌和自洁净等环保和材料工程领域 ,纳米TiO2 的负载是其实用化的关键。本文介绍了纳米TiO2 的光催化作用机理 ,对纳米TiO2 的负载方法、原理和效果作了综合评述。     

纳米TiO2在棉织物抗紫外整理中的应用

利用溶胶一凝胶技术,以钛酸四正丁酯为前驱体,制得纳米TiO2水溶胶,以该水溶胶对纯棉织物进行抗紫外整理.采用x射线衍射(XRD)分析了TiO2的晶型,且用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)观察了TiO2粒子的形貌.并对织物整理前后的白度、撕破强力等物理性能进行了测试和比较.结果表明:利用溶胶一凝胶技术,在低温条件下,对纯棉织物进行功能整理是可行的,在织物表面生成了锐铁矿相纳米TiO2.经过整理的织物具有突出的抗紫外、抗静电性能和一定的拒水性.     

Preparation of TiO2 Coated on Fabrics and Their Photocatalytic Reactivity

Nanoscale titanium dioxide functional films were prepared on the surface of the cotton woven fabric and the polyester knitted fabric at room temperature by Radio Frequency （RF） magnetron sputtering process. The surface microstructure and morphology were characterized by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. Photocatalytic property of two treated fabrics was tested in solar and ultraviolet （UV） radiation respectively, and their photocatalytic activity was compared. The results showed that the nanoscale titanium dioxide deposited on the surface of the treated fabrics was at different anastasia phase. The treated fabrics have excellent photocatalytic property, and after 30 launderings, the photocatalytic activity still maintained at a high level. Also, it indicated that the photocatalytic activity of the treated fabrics in UV radiation was higher than in solar radiation, but the effect wasn＇t very distinct. And at the same experimental magnetron sputtering parameters, the cotton coated with the nanoscale titanium dioxide showed better performance than the polyester fabric coated with the nanoscale titanium dioxide in terms of the photocatalytic property.     

纳米无机复合抗菌剂制备棉类抗菌织物

目的研制一种新型的棉类抗菌织物。方法将自制的纳米无机复合抗菌剂及变色抑制剂与分散剂、粘合剂等按一定比例配制成整理浆料,然后用涂层法制备抗菌织物,并进行性能测试。结果当浆料中含抗菌剂2%(质量分数)、粘合剂15%(质量分数)、变色抑制剂0.1%(质量分数)时,制备的抗菌织物性能优良:2 h内对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌的抗菌率均达99.5%以上,且不变色,并有较好的耐洗性。结论本法制备的抗菌织物具有良好的综合性能。     

GEN@ZIF-8-TNT涂层的制备及抗菌能力的研究

钛及钛合金因其良好的生物相容性和力学性能被广泛用作骨科植入物,但其自身缺乏抗菌能力,易发生细菌感染而导致植入失败。为了提高其抗菌能力,在钛基植入物表面制备出了具有pH响应的抗菌涂层。通过阳极氧化在钛片表面制备了TiO₂纳米管（titanium dioxide nanotubes, TNT）涂层,采用水热法合成负载庆大霉素（gentamicin, GEN）的GEN@ZIF-8,并将其修饰在TNT涂层表面,制备出GEN@ZIF-8-TNT涂层。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对制备的样品进行表征,并测定了接触角。体外细胞培养试验表明,GEN@ZIF-8-TNT涂层没有明显的细胞毒性,表现出良好的生物相容性。抗菌试验表明,GEN@ZIF-8-TNT涂层具有较强的抗菌能力,得益于ZIF-8降解释放出的Zn²⁺,OH^-,GEN的协同抗菌作用。     

O-季铵化-N-水杨醛壳聚糖席夫碱的合成及抗菌性研究

以缩水甘油三甲基氯化铵（GTMAc）和水杨醛为改性剂,在羟基和氨基上分别引入季铵盐基团和席夫碱基团,合成得到含双抗菌功能基团的水溶性壳聚糖衍生物：O-季铵化-N-水杨醛壳聚糖席夫碱,并通过FTIR谱图、季铵化度的测定对壳聚糖衍生物结构进行表征.对合成条件进行了探讨,得到最佳的反应条件为：n（壳聚糖席夫碱）∶n（GTMAc）=1∶5,温度为70℃,时间为24 h,此时获得O-季铵化-N-水杨醛壳聚糖席夫碱的季铵化度和产率最佳,分别为93.7%和81.8%.将产物应用于棉织物抗菌整理,以5%O-季铵化-N-水杨醛壳聚糖席夫碱整理的织物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率分别达99.3%和94.0%以上.但该整理织物的耐洗性较差,经20次皂洗后基本失去抗菌性.     

Cellulase Activities and Finishing Effects on Cotton Fabrics

The relationships between cellulase activities and theproperties of treated labrics including weight loss,breaking strength,surface thickness and bending rigiditywere investigated.Three cellulases were used to treattwo kinds of cotton fabrics and the results were com-pared to their activities measured towards filter paper,CMC and dewaxed cotton.The results suggested thatamong the three activities,exo activity(measured to-wards dewaxed cotton)be mostly inclined to reflect theactual hydrolytic capability of the cellulase on cotton fab-rics,while endo activity(measured towards CMC)wasof little use in predicting cellulase efflciency in terms ofweight loss.The investigation also suggested that the rel-atively endo-rich cellulase(Cellusoft Plus)was inclinedto give biopolishing effects by cleaning the surface fibrilof fabrics while the exo-rich cellulase(Cellusoft L,alsoknown as total or full cellulase)tended to deliver soften-ing cffects by decreasing the bending and shearing prop-erties.     

Fabrication of cotton nano-powder and its textile application

A combination of chemical and mechanical treatment of cotton produced cotton powder （fibrils） with a mean diameter of 97 nm is analyzed by Laser Particle Size Analyzer. Transmission Electron Micro- scope （TEM） study showed that the diameter of the fibrils was about 10--30 nm and the length was from 70nm to over 400 nm. The powder was then coated onto fabrics （100% polyester fabric, 100% wool fabric and 100% cotton fabric）. Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM） study showed that cotton fibrils were adhered to the surface of treated fabrics （fibers）. The ultraviolet protection factor （UPF） value （AS/NZS 4399： 1996） for cotton fabrics increased about 20% after the treatment. This implies that the treated samples give a better protection from UV light. The moisture management test （MMT） of the fabrics such as wetting time at bottom, top maximum absorption rate, bottom maximum absorption rate, bottom maximum wetted radius and bottom spreading speed, et ah, showed that there were significant changes after the treatment. These changes gave better moisture management ability to the treated fabrics and thus made the fabric more comfortable. However, Wide-angle X-ray Diffraction and Fourie Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis proved that supermolecular structure and chemical struc- ture of treated fabrics were the same as the original fabrics. Other properties of the treated fabric such as thermal conductivity, wrinkle recovery, hand, et al., did not change. This implied that the basic func- tion of the treated fabrics for the clothing industry was the same as untreated fabrics. This study is a foundation for further researches on textile application.     

纤维素酶的活力与棉纤维的失重

研究了纤维素酶活力与织物失重率、断裂强力、表面厚度和弯曲刚度的关系.用三种纤维素酶处理两种全棉织物,将处理结果(失重率等)与以滤纸、CMC、脱脂棉为底物测得的酶活力相比较.结果表明,脱脂棉酶活最能反映纤维素酶对棉织物的水解能力,而CMC酶活与酶的实际水解能力不存在明显的依赖关系.研究还表明,外切酶活较高的Cellu-soft L有利于使织物柔软,内切酶活较高的Cellusoft Plus有利于生物抛光.     

Antimicrobial Materials: Synthesis of Reactive 5,5-Dimethylhydantoin Derivative and Application in Cellulose with Dyeing Process

The efficient and regenerable antibacterial properties of Nhalamines make them an ideal candidate for parapretion of antimicrobial textiles. In this study,a 5,5-dimethylhydantoin-based reactive N-halamine precursor, 4-( 4-( 3-( 3-hydroxypropyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin)-6-chloro-1,3,5-triazinylamino)-benzenesulfonate( HTB), was synthesized and characterized by ~1H-NMR. The synthesized compound was coated to cotton fabrics via reactive dye dyeing process. The coated cotton showed excellent antimicrobial activities against S. aureus( Gram-positive) and E. coli O157: H7( Gram-negative) with short contact times after exposing to diluted household bleach. The treatment method used in this study has a small effect on the tensile strength of cotton fabrics. The durability and regenerability of the chlorinated cotton samples were tested.Although the chlorine content decreased towards washing and storage,almost all of the initial oxidative chlorine levels could be regained after rechlorination.     

聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐的合成及其在纯棉织物上的应用(英文)

本文通过熔融缩聚法制得具有较高聚合度的聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐,将其作为织物抗菌整理剂整理纯棉针织物,显示了优良的抗菌性能,其中抗菌性能的测试采用了一种全新的测试方法,能更准确地反映整理织物在自然条件下的抗菌活性且操作简便快捷。     

稀土MOF改性棉织物的制备及荧光性能

基于水溶液的层层自组装方法,在棉织物表面以不同芳香酸和稀土阳离子为原料制备稀土金属有机骨(rare earth metal-organic framework,REMOF)材料,得到一系列REMOF改性棉织物。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、荧光光谱分析(PL)以及紫外吸收光谱(UV-vis)对REMOF改性棉织物进行表征分析。荧光强度对比结果表明,当以1,4对苯二甲酸或1,3,5均苯三甲酸为配体时,在324 nm波长激发下改性棉织物于617 nm处出现Eu 3+的特征红色荧光。所有改性棉织物的UPF(ultraviolet protection factor)值均为50^+,T(UV-A)和T(UV-B)值均小于5%,表明改性棉织物具有优良的抗紫外性能。