gD2 DNA疫苗诱导细胞免疫应答

用生殖器疱疹gD2 DNA疫苗pcDNA3-gD转染哺乳动物细胞COS-7,鉴定gD表达．再用其免疫BALB／c小鼠,测定脾细胞增殖、CTL细胞杀伤活性,以及CD4^ 和CD8^ 细胞群．结果表明：pcDNA3-gD能够在哺乳动物细胞COS-7中表达gD抗原,其免疫小鼠脾细胞增殖活性增加,CTL活性达37．69％,明显高于pcDNA3组和生理盐水组;CD4^ 占T细胞数量的33．38％,数量较pcDNA3组和生理盐水组显著增加．     

Protective effect of DNA-mediated immunization with liposome-encapsulated GRA4 against infection of Toxoplasma gondii

The dense granule protein 4 (GRA4) is a granular protein from Toxoplasma gondii, and is a candidate for vaccination against this parasite. In this study, the plasmid pcDNA3.1-GRA4 (pGRA4), encoding for the GRA4 antigen, was incorporated by the dehydration-rehydration method into liposomes composed of 16 mmol/L egg phosphatidylcholine (PC), 8 mmol/L dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), and 4 mmol/L 1,2-diodeoyl-3-(trimethylammonium) propane (DOTAP). C57BL/6 mice and BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly three times with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 to determine whether DNA immunization could elicit a protective immune response to T. gondii. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of sera from immunized mice showed that liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 generated high levels of IgG antibodies to GRA4. Production of primary interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-2 in GRA4-stimulated splenocytes from vaccinated mice suggested a modulated Th1-type response. 72.7% of C57BL/6 mice immunized with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 survived the challenge with 80 tissue cysts of ME49 strain, whereas C57BL/6 mice immunized with pGRA4 had only a survival rate of 54.5%. When immunized BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally challenged with 10³ tachyzoites of the highly virulent RH strain, the survival time of mice immunized with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 was markedly longer than that of other groups. Our observations show that liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 enhanced the protective effect against infection of T. gondii.     

CpG DNA enhances the immune responses elicited by the DNA vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease virus in guinea pigs

CpG DNA is DNA sequence that has immune stimulatory effects. Several lines of investigation over the past few years indicate that CpG DNA plays an important role in the induction of immune responses to DNA vaccines. In this study, CpG DNA-containing synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) was cloned into the eukaryotic expression plasmid encoding a fusion protein containing b- galactosidase from E. coli and immunogenic epitopes of foot- and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) type O, and the immune responses induced by the plasmid were assayed. The results showed that guinea pigs immunized with the recombinant plasmid containing CpG-ODN generated a higher level of FMDV-neutralizing antibody and a stronger T cell proliferative response and protection against viral challenge than those receiving the plasmid containing no CpG-ODN. Our study demonstrated that it is an effective route to enhance the efficacy of DNA vaccines by inserting exogenous CpG DNA into the plasmids, and the DNA vaccine developed here is a promising candidate to prevent FMDV infection.     

水动力转染技术建造慢性乙型肝炎动物模型特效研究

摘要: 目的比较不同质粒建立的水动力转染乙型肝炎小鼠模型的特性。方法将pcDNA 3. 1-1. 3-HBV-C 与PAAV-1. 2-HBV-A 两种质粒通过水动力转染法建立两种乙型肝炎小鼠模型,通过对建模成功率和小鼠外周血HBsAg 滴度及稳定性,T 细胞指数流式等检测分析,比较不同模型差异和特效。结果转染pcDNA3. 1-1. 3-HBV-C质粒建模成功率为78. 6%,转染后体内HBsAg 滴度最高达到220IU/mL; 转染PAAV-1. 2-HBV-A 质粒建模成功率为56%,转染后体内HBsAg 滴度最高达到2 300IU/mL。建模小鼠的肝脏进行切片,做免疫组化后,观察实验结果,转染pcDNA 3. 1-1. 3-HBV-C 质粒的小鼠肝脏切片的HBsAg 免疫组化较PAAV-1. 2-HBV-A 质粒小鼠颜色面积更大。实验小鼠转染质粒后6 周的外周血进行流式细胞术检测,结果显示特异性T 细胞CD4 +、CD8 + 和正常小鼠比较,两种质粒的造模小鼠未有差别。结论利用水动力转染法用不同质粒建造乙型肝炎小鼠模型在乙肝病毒指标水平和稳定性方面有着显著差异。     

GAGE-1 DNA肿瘤疫苗的构建及其抗肿瘤治疗效果的试验研究

目的 观察G antigen 1 (GAGE-1)核酸疫苗pcDNA3.1+/GAGE-1免疫小鼠后,对表达GAGE-1抗原的B-16/GAGE-1肿瘤细胞的保护作用.方法 将C57 BL/6小鼠随机分为4组,与0、2、4周分别接种pcDNA3.1＋/GAGE-1（实验组1）、pcDNA3.1＋/GAGE-1/白介素2（实验组2）、pcDNA3.1＋（对照组1）,pcDNA3.1＋/白介素2（对照组2）各三次.末次免疫后10d小鼠用于肿瘤细胞攻击试验：分别于左背部、右背部皮下种植B16肿瘤细胞、B16/GAGE-1肿瘤细胞.种植肿瘤细胞（荷瘤）后观察成瘤时间、肿瘤大小和荷瘤后小鼠的生存时间及生存率. 结果： pcDNA3.1+/GAGE-1/IL-2质粒免疫的小鼠在种植B16/GAGE-1、B16/pcDNA3.1+后,发现小鼠成瘤时间明显延迟,成瘤减小,生存期明显延长.结论:pcDNA3.1+/GAGE-1/IL-2 DNA 疫苗在体内能诱导出显著的GAGE-1特异性肿瘤免疫应答,且能抑制体内已经存在的少量肿瘤细胞的成瘤     

小鼠白细胞介素-18的克隆及真核表达质粒的构建

克隆小鼠白细胞介素-18（mIL-18）,并与真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/HisB重组,构建真核表达重组质粒.采用RT-PCR,从小鼠肝细胞中扩增IL-18的全长cDNA.经Hind Ⅲ,EcoR Ⅰ双酶切,将该cDNA片断插入表达载体pcDNA3.1/HisB.通过酶切、PCR及测序对重组体进行鉴定.经鉴定,重组质粒构建正确,成功构建了真核表达载体pcDNA3.1/mIL-18,为下一步进行IL-18的功能研究奠定了基础.     

乙型肝炎表面抗原基因DNA介导的体液免疫初步研究

用ＣＰＲ技术从纯化的乙型肝炎病毒核酸中扩增出ｐｅｒＳ２－Ｓ基因,并将其定向克隆于真核表达质粒ｐｃＤＮＡ３．１（＋）中,构建成带有完整的乙肝表面前Ｓ２抗原基因和Ｓ基因的重组质粒。重组质粒经酶切及部分序列分析鉴定后,瞬时转梁小鼠Ｌ细胞,ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测到培养上清液有ＨＢｓＡｇ表达。用纯化的重组质粒静脉、肌肉和皮下注射免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠,首次接种质粒ＤＮＡ３周后,血清抗体开始出现,再次加强２周后,阳性     

Immune responses of a designed HIV-1 DNA vaccine on rhesus monkeys

According to the UNAIDS/WHO report (http:// www.unaids.org/Epi2005/doc/report.html), there are about 40.3 million HIV/AIDS survivors, and the new HIV infection number amounts to about 4.9 million, while the death number is some 3.1 million in the world in…     

靶向基因疫苗pcDNA3/MDC-VP1的构建及免疫效果

用RT-PCR扩增小鼠巨噬细胞源趋化因子(macrophage-derived chemokine,MDC)基因,与柯萨奇病毒B组3型(CVB3)VP1基因通过一个编码10个氨基酸残基的接头序列(Gly4Ser)2相连,形成融合基因MDC-VP1,构建真核表达质粒pcDNA3/MDC-VP1,作为疫苗免疫BALB/c小鼠.3次免疫后,pcDNA3/MDC-VP1组小鼠血清中和抗体滴度明显高于pcDNA3/VP1组;而病毒滴度低于pcDNA3/VP1组.用10 LD50CVB3攻击,pcDNA3/MDC-VP1组小鼠生存率为50%,用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,生存率高于其他各组.     

Construction and anti-tumor effects of recombinant fowlpox virus expressing Newcastle disease virus hemagglutinin-neuramidinase gene

Hemagglutinin-neuramidinase (HN), a Newcastle disease virus-derived protein, not only mediates receptor recognition but also possesses neuraminidase (NA) activity, the ability to cleave a component of those receptors, N-acetylneuraminic acid (NAcneu, sialic acid). It is known that this protein in mammalian species, including human beings, has interesting anti-neoplastic as well as immune stimulating properties. To explore the use of the HN gene in cancer gene therapy, we constructed a recombi-nant fowlpox virus expressing the HN protein (vFV-HN) and compared the anti-tumor activity of the recombinant virus with that of wild-type fowlpox virus (FPV) in vivo and in vitro. Here we found that although B16 cells were somewhat resistant to the basal cytotoxic effect of wild-type fowlpox virus, infection with vFV-HN caused a pronounced cytotoxic effect and, the survival of tumor-bearing mice immunized with vFV-HN was significantly increased compared with the survival of mice immunized with the FPV alone. Furthermore, the immunization of mice with vFV-HN elicited a B16 tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response and clonal expansion of both CD4 and CD8 T cell populations in vivo. In addition, T cells from lymph nodes of mice vaccinated with vFV-HN secreted high levels of the Th1 cytokine IL-2 and IFN-γ, indicating that the regression of tumor cells is related to a Th1-type dominant immune response. These results demonstrate that vaccination with vFV-HN may be a potential strategy for cancer gene therapy.     

HIV-1和HBV复合型DNA免疫的初步研究

近年的研究表明,在啮齿类和非人灵长类免疫带有编码病毒和细菌抗原基因的质粒ＤＮＡ可以激发体液和细胞免疫应答．在本实验中,将ＨＢＶ的Ｓ基因和ＨＩＶ－１的ｇｐ１６０基因以融合形式插入到载体ｐｃＤＮＡ３中,其能表达ＨＢｓＡｇ和ｇｐ１６０的融合蛋白,并将此质粒ＤＮＡ分别直接注射到Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠和Ｓｗｉｓ小鼠．三次免疫后,用ＥＬＩＳＡ的方法初步检测ＨＢｓＡｇ和ｇｐ１６０抗原特异的抗体免疫应答均为阳性．结果说明,带有ＨＢＶ和ＨＩＶ－１融合基因的质粒ＤＮＡ直接免疫小鼠后,均激发了小鼠产生相应的免疫应答反应,这个结果为研究和生产多价疫苗提供了新的思路     

Recovery of immunodeficient mice from a vaccinia virus/IL-2 recombinant infection

Vaccinia virus recombinants that express cloned genes encoding antigens of unrelated infectious agents, such as hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), provide a new approach to the development of live vaccines. Although there is evidence that genetically engineered vaccinia viruses have reduced pathogenicity a major obstacle to their use as vaccines is that severe complications can occur after vaccination, especially in immunodeficient individuals. We describe here a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing murine interleukin-2 (IL-2) and show that athymic nude mice infected with the recombinant virus resolve the virus infection rapidly whereas mice infected with control virus develop a progressive vaccinal disease. By incorporating the gene for IL-2 in live virus vaccines it may be possible to prevent the severe complications that arise in recipients with an impaired immune system.     

小鼠结核分枝杆菌感染模型用于评价重组HBHA疫苗免疫效果的实验研究

目的通过复制小鼠结核病模型评价重组HBHA疫苗的免疫效果。方法将重组肝素结合血凝素(HBHA)疫苗接种BALB/c小鼠,观察其诱导的细胞免疫应答水平,并以MTB H37Rv毒株攻击免疫小鼠,研究重组疫苗诱导的保护力。结果重组HBHA免疫BALB/c小鼠后可诱发细胞毒作用,将体内MTB裂解。重组疫苗不仅能刺激CD4+T,CD8+T增殖、活化,还可诱导脾细胞分泌IFN-γ、IL-2等细胞因子。H37Rv毒株攻击后,被免疫小鼠的组织病理学症状减轻。结论本研究通过检测小鼠体内细胞免疫应答和肺脏组织病理学改变等指标,客观的反映了重组疫苗免疫小鼠结核模型的保护效果。     

HPV16E7-HSP70 Hybrid DNA Vaccine Induces E7-Specific Cytotoxic T Cells and Antitumor Immunity

0 IntroductionInbroicguhltat einxpge cDtaNtiAonvafcocri nper eivse ant ninegw aanpdp cruoraicnhg wdiits-heases . Due to the comparative weakness of cellulari mmunity that is purely induced by E7 DNA vac-cine,research on DNA vaccine is now focused onhowto enhance the i mmunogenicity of DNA vac-cine.It has been found in some research that thestrength of cellular i mmunity activity has things todo with the speed of antigen molecules’degrada-tion,i .e.the faster the degradation,the higher th…     

Protection against malaria by immunization with plasmid DNA encoding cholera toxin B subunit andPlasmodium falciparum epitopes

Cholera toxin B subunit is a good carrier protein and an effective adjuvant which can boost both cellular and humoral immunity. DNA fragments encoding B cell, Th cell and CTL epitopes of P. falciparum CS, MSA-1, MSA-2 and RESA antigens were cloned down-stream of cholera toxin B subunit gene in the same reading frame. Another modification using IL2 as adjuvant was also made. High titer of anti-malaria epitopes antibodies and strong cellular immunogenicity were elicited after Balb/c mice were immunized three times with 100 μg recombinant plasmid DNA dissolved in 100 μL PBS. 200 vaccinees were challenged with mouse Plasmodium yoelli to investigate if cross protection existed. The protective efficacy was about 50%. And it is found that the protective efficacy is correlated with CTL activity which was considered to be the primary effects of anti-sporozoite protective immunity. Better results might be expected when the DNA vaccine candidates were applied to primates.     

乙肝病毒核酸疫苗诱导小鼠细胞免疫应答的研究

研究利用核酸疫苗诱生乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)表面抗原 (S)细胞免疫应答的作用 .免疫前于BALB/C小鼠股四头肌注射 75 %盐酸布比卡因 ,三天后同样部位注射包含HBsAg基因片段的重组质粒pcDNAHBs .采用3H -TdR掺入法测定免疫小鼠脾细胞增殖能力 ;XTT法测定其脾细胞分泌IL 2活性 .结果表明注射乙肝核酸疫苗可以使小鼠脾细胞增殖 ,小鼠脾细胞分泌上清中可检测到IL - 2活性     

治疗性乙型肝炎疫苗研究反思

 “治疗性乙肝疫苗”是以乙肝病毒(HBV)的表面抗原(s抗原)为基础的生物制剂,目的是激发抗s抗原免疫反应,终止HBV慢性感染.HBV的e抗原与s抗原无抗原性关联,对e抗原的反应也与病毒及感染细胞的清除无关,因此以II期临床试验者血清有关病毒e抗原的数据结果,尚不能判断“治疗性乙肝疫苗”是否有效.疫苗的应用是抵御病毒入侵,而治疗性乙肝疫苗是在病毒已经进入人体后应用,在患者肝细胞可能广泛受累的情况下,疫苗一旦打破耐受激发抗s抗原免疫反应,除能清除血清中游离的病毒和s抗原颗粒外,将直接攻击被感染的肝细胞.由于无法估计慢性HBV感染者肝细胞感染程度,所以无法推测免疫反应发生后,免疫病理所致的肝损程度以及相应的风险.在应用上隐含如此风险,是“治疗性乙肝疫苗”走不出实验室的重要因素之一.     

藏猪白细胞介素-12基因表达对猪圆环病毒2 疫苗的免疫增强效应

为研究IL-12基因在猪体内表达对PCV2疫苗免疫应答的调控作用,本研究将藏猪IL-12基因克隆至VR1020载体,壳聚糖包裹重组质粒制备成壳聚糖纳米颗粒(VRIL-12-CNP)并与PCV2疫苗共同接种21日龄断奶仔猪.接种后第0d、7d、14d和28d采集猪前腔静脉血进行血细胞分析、PCV2抗体检测和相关免疫基因表达量检测,并记录体重.结果显示:接种VRIL-12-CNP和PCV2疫苗的实验组猪的CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+T细胞和PCV2抗体显著增长(P0.05),TLR2/7、IL-12/4/6/15、STAT1/3和Bcl-2基因的表达量显著高于对照组(P0.05);试验期间实验组体重净增长也明显高于对照组(P0.05).结果表明:VRIL12-CNP能增强PCV2疫苗的先天性和获得性体液、细胞免疫应答,是安全、有效的PCV2疫苗佐剂.     

Construction of multivalent DNA vaccines forMycobacterium tuberculosis and its immunogenicity

The coding regions of Ag85B MPT-64, and ESAT-6 secreted proteins were cloned initially into the eukaryotic expression vector pJW4303, then transformed to E. coli Top 10 strain for plasmid DNA extraction and further analysis. Plasmids containing the right insertion were sequenced to confirm their identity. COS7 cells were transfected with a mixture containing serially diluted plasmid DNA encoding three secreted proteins and Lipofectin (Gibco). The supernatants and pellets prepared from various cell lines were run on SDS-PAGE gel and the expression of these proteins in COS7 cells were demonstrated by immunoblot using polyclonal or monoclonal antiserum of M.TBH37Rv. 21 days after first vaccination of C57BL-6 mice by all three recombinant eukaryotic expressing vectors, antibody titer for Ag85B reached 1∶3200. 21 days after second vaccination, the antibody titer reached 1∶102400. The highest antibody levels induced by multivalent vaccines after the second injection were equal to or even greater than the highest antibody levels of single DNA vaccine reported in literature after third injections. Antibody titer of MPT-64 was 1∶50 after the first injection and it reached 1∶200 after the second injection. No antigen-specific antibody against ESAT-6 was detected in sera harvested from immunized mice 21 days after both injections. Antigen-specific IFN-g level of Ag85B was 110 pg/mL while no antigen-specific IFN- g level of ESAT-6 and MPT-64 was detected even after third injections. To our knowledge, it is the first time that studies of polyvalent recombinant DNA vaccines against TB were carried out in C57BL-6 mice. Our results indicated that multiple DNA vaccines could be used to enhance protective responses against M.TB.     

Specific immune responses induced by a multi-epitope antigen of hepatitis C virus in mice and rabbits

Five highly conserved and immunogenic epitopes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been chosen to form a multi-epitope antigen gene and fused with β-galactosidase gene to express a hybrid GZ-PCX antigen, which could be specifically recognized by human HCV sera. High level of anti-GZ-PCX IgG has been induced when mice or rabbits were immunized with GZ-PCX antigen emulsificated with complete Freund’s adjuvant or mixed with killed attenuatedSalmonella typhimurium SL3261. The specific anti-GZ-PCX IgG reached a high titer of 10^-6, which remained for several months. Specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) effects, delayed type hypersensitivity reaction (DTH) and proliferation of peripheral lymphocytes have been induced by GZ-PCX antigen or synthetic peptides. High level of anti-GZ-PCX slgG has been detected in mice’s intestinal washing fluids, which indicates that the antigen induced mucosal immunity as well as systematic immunity. The studies show that the HCV multi-epitope antigen induces high level of specific immune responses without obvious toxicity, which might be able to provide protectivity to any HCV genotypes and isolates.