直流辉光放电等离子体增强化学气相法制备金刚石及氮化碳薄膜

采用直流辉光放电等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)技术方法 ,在Si(100)衬底上制备了金刚石薄膜 ,并在此基础上合成了含有少量晶态颗粒的非晶氮化碳薄膜     

氮气流量对氮化碳薄膜场致发射特性的影响

采用直流磁控溅射的方法,以镀Ti瓷片为衬底,改变N\-2和Ar的流量比,在衬底温度为400℃条件下制备了氮化碳薄膜,并对其场致发射特性进行研究,样品的开启电压为2.67V/μm,最大电流密度为17.31μA/cm2,比在同一系统制备的碳膜和用阴极电弧技术制备的氮化碳薄膜有更好的场发射特性.结果表明溅射气体中氮气含量对氮化碳薄膜的场发射特性有较大的影响.     

氮气流量对氮化碳薄膜场到场致发射特性的影响

采用直流磁控溅射持方法，以镀Ti瓷片为衬底，改变N2和Ar的流量比，在衬底温度为400℃条件下制备了氮化碳薄膜，并对其场致发射特性进行了研究，样品的开启电压为 2．67V／μm，最大电流密度为17．31μA/cm^2，比在同一系统制备的碳膜和用阴极弧技术制备的氮化碳薄膜有更好的场发射特性。结果表明：溅射气体中氮气含量对氮化碳薄膜的场发射特性有较大的影响。     

用PEM监控制备TiO_2薄膜及其光学性能的研究

使用金属钛作靶材,利用中频反应磁控溅射方法在玻璃基底上制备了TiO2薄膜.为使反应溅射的工作点能够稳定在"过渡区",使薄膜获得理想的化学配比和较高的沉积速率,使用了等离子体发射光谱监控法(PEM)对溅射过程进行控制.利用台阶仪测膜厚,用X射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜、分光光度计以及光学薄膜测试分析仪等手段对TiO2薄膜的结构以及光学性能进行表征,研究了不同工艺条件对薄膜结构和光学性能的影响.结果表明,较高的PEM工作点下制备的TiO2薄膜具有较高的折射率,使用PEM控制的中频反应磁控溅射方法可以制备出性能良好的TiO2光学薄膜.     

氮化碳薄膜的应用研究

探讨了氮化碳(CNx)薄膜在空间领域中的应用．用电子束蒸发离子束辅助沉积的方法制备的氮化碳薄膜，对其结构和成分进行了分析，并用地面模拟设备进行了耐原子氧腐蚀和防冷焊试验，结果表明氮化碳薄膜具有较好的防冷焊性能，掺有Ti和Sn的碳氮膜具有很好的防原子氧性能．     

氢化非晶碳膜导电机制的探索

采用电子回旋共振等离子体化学气相沉积 (ECR -CVD)方法 ,以苯为气源 ,在不同基片温度下制备了氢化非晶碳膜 (a -C :H) ,对样品进行了伏安特性测试。考察了基片温度对样品电阻率与击穿场强的影响 ,结合薄膜含氢量、SEM、Raman散射等分析手段探索了a -C :H膜的导电机制     

ECR新型低温等离子体技术及应用

介绍了新型电子回旋共振(ECR)低温等离子体技术以及其工业主要用途,电子回旋共振等离子体通过电子回旋共振吸收微波能量来产生高密度等离子体。该新型低温等离子体由于无内电极放电无污染、等离子体密度高、能量转换率高和电离度高等优点必将在高质量薄膜沉积、反应离子干法刻蚀及材料表面改性等方面得到广泛的应用。     

磁控溅射法制备非晶碳膜及其光学特性

利用射频磁控溅射法成功制备了类金刚石薄膜,研究了溅射功率和基片温度对所沉积薄膜的的影响,对所制备的类金刚石薄膜用拉曼光谱、紫外光谱进行表征,所沉积的类金刚石碳薄膜是簇状分布的ＳＰ＾２碳键和网状分布的ＳＰ３碳键互相随机交织的一起的非晶 研究了非晶碳膜的光学性质和电学性质,探索了制备各种不同带隙非晶碳膜的工艺条件,为该类的实际应用提供了可靠的实验依据。     

中频反应磁控溅射制备具有光致亲水性TiO2薄膜

采用中频反应磁控溅射方法在玻璃表面制备了TiO2薄膜,为使薄膜获得理想的化学配比和较高的沉积速率,使用了等离子体发射光谱监控法(Plasma Emission Monitor,PEM)对溅射过程进行控制。对部分样品进行了退火处理。利用台阶仪测膜厚,X射线衍射(XRD)对薄膜的沉积速率及结构进行测试分析,并对部分沉积态和经过热处理的薄膜样品进行了透光性测试和光照实验。研究了温度,PEM工作点等不同工艺条件对薄膜光致亲水性等性能的影响。部分薄膜经过1h左右的紫外光照射,得到了很好的亲水性效果,其表面的水接触角达到了小于1°的水平。     

CN_x薄膜的制备及电子结构

采用反应溅射方法制备了氮化碳薄膜,研究了反应气体压力、溅射功率对薄膜形成的影响,并用Ｘ射线电子能谱（ＸＰＳ） 和富里叶变换红外光谱（ＦＴＩＲ）对样品的电子结构进行了分析．结果表明：反应气体Ｎ２ 的压力太高或太低、溅射功率太大或太小,均不利于氮化碳膜的形成;在Ｎ２ 压力为８ Ｐａ、溅射功率为２００ Ｗ 时,薄膜的氮原子数分数得到最大值４１％ ;ＸＰＳ和ＦＴＩＲ分析结果揭示了膜中没有自由的Ｎ原子,所有的Ｎ原子均与Ｃ原子作用形成化学键,而且Ｃ Ｎ 单键、Ｃ Ｎ 双键、Ｃ Ｎ 三键共存．膜中Ｃ Ｈ 和Ｎ Ｈ 振动模式的存在,说明沉积在Ｓｉ 衬底上的氮化碳薄膜有较强的从空气中吸收氢的能力．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with