基于热压块的不锈钢粉尘还原实验

为了从不锈钢粉尘中回收利用Fe,Cr和Ni等,对不锈钢粉尘热压块制备及其自还原过程进行了研究.在热压温度为200℃,热压压力为35 MPa条件下,抗压强度达到900 N/个以上.高温条件下,煤热解产生的挥发分可参与不锈钢粉尘还原反应,当还原温度为1 400,1 450℃时,挥发分还原作用率达到0.4.据XRD分析和热力学计算,自还原过程中含铬物质的物相转变顺序为Fe Cr2O4,Cr2O3,Cr7C3,[Cr]Fe-Cr-Ni-C.当还原温度为1 450℃,烟煤中固定碳与粉尘中可去除氧的物质量的比(xc/xo)为0.72时,不锈钢粉尘热压块不能完全还原;当xc/xo大于0.8,还原20 min时,不锈钢粉尘热压块能完全还原.     

真空碳热还原含锌粉尘制备锌热力学模拟研究

采用FactSage7.2软件模拟研究真空碳热还原高炉、电炉和转底炉粉尘在不同温度、配碳量条件下的热力学行为,分析了不同条件下锌的挥发率.结果表明:以高炉粉尘为实验原料,升高实验温度和增加配碳量有利于粉尘的还原和锌的挥发,在温度为700℃、配碳量为14％条件下锌被完全还原并挥发;以电炉粉尘为实验原料,升高温度和增加配碳...     

含碳球团还原法处理含锌电炉粉尘的试验分析

为综合利用含锌电炉粉尘,提出运用含碳球团的还原处理方法,并进行了扩大性试验,得到了还原焙烧法的合理工艺条件.试验表明:配碳的碳氧比C/O=1.2、还原温度1 150 ℃、料层厚度30 mm、加热时间65 min可取得较好的效果;还原后的球团为半金属化球团,其w(TFe)为50%左右,金属化率60%～70%,球团的残Zn含量在2%以下,是较好的高炉原料;Zn的还原挥发率达到90%左右,收集粉中ZnO含量在90%左右;PbO含量在2%以下,已达到等级氧化锌的标准,实现了含锌电炉粉尘的无害化和资源化利用.     

金属镁冶炼还原渣脱硫性能的实验研究

探讨了金属镁冶炼还原渣作为脱硫剂的可能性,对金属镁冶炼还原渣进行了成分分析,并利用TGA研究了金属镁冶炼还原渣在不同氧气含量、不同粒径、不同反应温度条件下作为脱硫剂的性能。     

钢铁厂含铅粉尘配碳球团的直接还原工艺

对钢铁厂含锌铅粉尘配碳球团直接还原工艺进行了研究。结果表明：生球碱度及还原时间对球团中铅发率有显著影响，而还原温度则对球团中锌、铅挥发率和铁的金属化率均有显著影响。     

微波碳热还原不锈钢厂电弧炉粉尘的热力学及实验研究

采用微波加热方法进行碳热还原不锈钢厂电弧炉粉尘,并计算粉尘中金属氧化物的理论开始还原温度.结果表明,微波碳热还原不锈钢厂电弧炉粉尘在热力学上可行.实际测量的粉尘中金属开始还原温度比理论计算值低.微波加热物料过程中形成的热点和电弧可能导致局部高温,有利于碳热还原反应的进行.在900 ℃下,有部分粉尘被还原,随着温度的升高,粉尘的还原程度增大.还原出来的金属相主要以Fe-Cr-Ni合金的形式存在,且成分分布不均匀,残余相主要以FeCr2O4、Fe3O4、CaSiO3、(Mg,Al)SiO3和CaMgSiO4形式存在.     

铁酸锌气体还原的热力学分析

根据热力学原理,计算并分析了含锌冶金粉尘中的重要成分ZnFe2 O4在CO- CO2气体还原过程中的热力学行为. ZnFe2 O4的气体还原遵循逐级还原规律,且ZnFe2 O4很容易被CO还原到ZnO和Fe3 O4.较高温度条件下,ZnO的气体还原易于FeO的还原.随着反应温度升高,锌完全反应和挥发所需要的CO含量不断降低,当反应温度从1100 K升高到1400 K时所需的CO体积分数由0.4降低到0.01以下.要达到还原分离金属锌的目的,不必将铁氧化物还原到金属铁,而只需将铁氧化物还原到Fe3 O4或FeO,同时满足锌的还原条件即可.在高炉炉身中上部,由于发生锌的还原反应和内部循环,给高炉生产带来危害,因此应减少和控制高炉的锌负荷.     

含锌粉尘内配碳球团还原模型

以转底炉处理钢铁厂含锌粉尘为背景,结合转底炉实际生产工艺条件,建立了含锌粉尘内配碳球团直接还原一维非稳态数学模型.模型不仅考虑了铁氧化物的还原反应和碳的气化反应,还加入了氧化锌的还原反应,并通过实验验证了模型的准确性.利用计算结果分析讨论了炉温、球团半径及孔隙率对球团还原的影响.炉温对球团的金属化率和脱锌率均有显著影响,孔隙率和球团半径仅对球团的金属化率影响较小,而对脱锌率基本没有影响.     

CO还原氧化锌速率的研究

电弧炉粉尘直接还原回收新工艺中,粉尘中的锌被还原挥发进入气相并于收尘系统中被氧化,分离出这部分含锌较高的物料可采用传统的方法回收锌.而含锌物料中ZnO成分不断变化．为探索其还原过程的规律,首先采用化学纯ZnO进行CO还原实验,研究还原过程的有关规律,这一还原反应也是其它冶金过程中常见的和十分重要的反应．经实验研究发现,氧化锌还原速率与CO的浓度和温度有关,在还原温度为910～1200℃,CO浓度控制在15%～100%(体积分数)范围的实验条件下,建立了还原过程的动力学方程,确定了条件恒温下还原过程的动力学参数表观活化能为251.57kJ/mol,并与CO和CO     

钢铁厂含锌铅粉尘配碳球团的直接还原工艺

对钢铁厂含锌铅粉尘配碳球团直接还原工艺进行了研究.结果表明：生球碱度及还原时间对球团中铅挥发率和铁的金属化率有显著影响，而还原温度则对球团中锌、铅挥发率和铁的金属化率均有显著影响.在此基础上确定的最佳工艺参数为：生球碱度～0.9，还原温度和还原时间分别为1250℃和25min.     

Ultrasound effects on zinc recovery from EAF dust by sulfuric acid leaching

In this work, an ultrasound-assisted leaching process was studied for the recovery of zinc from electric arc furnace (EAF) dust, in which zinc was mainly present in the form of franklinite (60%). Hydrometallurgy is emerging as a preferred process for the recovery of a variety of metals, and the use of ultrasound could offer advantages over the conventional leaching process, especially for the dissolution of franklinite. Franklinite is a refractory phase that is difficult to leach and represents the main obstacle in conventional hydrometallurgy processing. Atmospheric leaching with different sulfuric acid concentrations (0.2-2.0 M) at two temperatures (323 and 353 K) was performed. The tests were conducted using both conventional and ultrasound-assisted leaching. After the leaching tests, the solid residues were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, whereas the leach liquor was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP). The use of ultrasound facilitated the dissolution of franklinite at low acid concentrations and resulted in a greater zinc recovery under all of the investigated operating conditions.     

氨法处理高炉瓦斯灰制取等级氧化锌研究

以氨-碳酸氢铵混合液为浸出剂浸出高炉瓦斯灰中的有价金属锌,经净化、蒸氨、煅烧得到等级氧化锌,对相关工艺参数进行优化选择。结果表明,最佳浸出条件为:[氨水]/[NH4HCO3]=2、液固比为4、总氨浓度为5mol·L-1,浸出时间为3h,此条件下锌浸出率为82.55%;最佳净化条件为:锌粉用量为1.5g·L-1、净化时间为2.5h,此条件下铅的脱除率为97.70%;最佳蒸氨条件为90℃下蒸氨至终点溶液pH值为6~7,此条件下蒸氨后锌的沉淀率可达99.95%。沉淀物在500℃下煅烧1h,得到纯度为96.03%的氧化锌粉末,达到了HG/T2527—94的一级标准。     

Modeling and optimization of rotary kiln treating EAF dust

Electric arc furnace (EAF) dust from steel industries is listed by the United Sates EPA as a hazardous waste under the regulations of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act due to the presence of lead, cadmium and chlorine. The disposal of the approximately 650000 t of EAF dust per year in the U.S. and Canada is an expensive and unresolved problem for the majority of steel companies. The Waelz process has been considered as the best process for treating the EAF dust. A process model, combined thermodynamic modeling with heat transfer calculations, has been developed to simulate the chemical reactions, mass and heat transfer and heat balance in the kiln. The injection of air into the slag and the temperature profile along the kiln have been modeled. The effect of (CaO+MgO)/SiO₂ on the solidus temperature of slag has also been predicted and discussed. Some optimized results have been presented.     

Laboratory Investigation of Zinc Recovery from EAF Dust by Bath Smelting Reduction

Bath smelting reduction for recovering zinc from EAF (Electric Arc Furnace) dust has been investigated in the laboratory. A degree of zinc volatilization of more than 99% was obtained from the process. Temperature has a clear influence on the reduction rate of ZnO in slag. The reduction rate of (ZnO) by [C] is the first order with respect to the content of ZnO in the slag. The apparent activation energy of the (ZnO) reduction reaction is 312 kJ/mol at 1300-1500℃.     

活性碳-天然锰砂混合处理镀锌废水的初探

介绍活性炭和天然锰砂作反应剂,交互作用处理镀锌废水的研究.实验结果表明废水鼓氧(曝气)通过活性炭:天然锰砂=2:3滤材过滤后,Zn2+的去除率达95.1%,Fe3+的去除率达99.6%.废水pH值上升到6.0,达到国家废水排放标准.     

New pyrometallurgical process of EAF dust treatment with CaO addition

The non-carbothermic zinc pyrometallurgical processing of electric arc furnace (EAF) dust was investigated on a laboratory scale. The main objective of this process was to convert highly stable zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄), which accounts for more than half of total zinc in the EAF dust, into ZnO and Ca₂Fe₂O₅ by CaO addition. The EAF dust was mixed with CaO powder in various ratios, pressed into pellets, and heated in a muffle furnace in air at temperatures ranging from 700 to 1100℃ for a predetermined holding time. All ZnFe₂O₄ was transformed into ZnO and Ca₂Fe₂O₅ at a minimum temperature of 900℃ within 1 h when sufficient CaO to achieve a Ca/Fe molar ratio of 1.1 was added. However, at higher temperatures, excess CaO beyond the stoichiometric ratio was required because it was consumed by reactions leading to the formation of compounds other than ZnFe₂O₄. The evaporation of halides and heavy metals in the EAF dust was also studied. These components could be preferentially volatilized into the gas phase at 1100℃ when CaO was added.     

Interaction between endogenous nitric oxide and carbon monoxide in the pathogenesis of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension

Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, an important pathophysiological process in the development of a vari-ety of clinical cardiac and pulmonary diseases, has critical influence on the proceeding and prognosis of the dis- eases[1]. It is important to clarify the pathogenesis of the diseases. The discoveries of endogenous gas signal mole-cules, nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), have been moving the research of hypoxic pulmonary hyper-tension to a very new phase. Our foregoing experiments …     

一氧化碳在四氢呋喃中溶解度的测定

使用高压机械搅拌釜,应用气体间歇吸收技术,在温度100-220℃,压力4.0-10.0MPa,转速600r/min的实验条件下,测定了CO在THF及THF和MnCl2混合体系中的溶解度,实验表明CO在两种体系中的平衡溶解度均随温度、压力的增加而增加,本文还讨论了CO在两种体系下溶解度的差异。     

从高炉除尘灰中综合回收碳、铁和锌的试验研究

基于选冶联合工艺,对某厂排放的高炉除尘灰进行综合回收铁、锌、碳的试验研究。先采用浮选-磁选法回收碳和铁,再采用酸浸-除杂-电积湿法回收锌,重点对影响锌浸出的工艺因素和条件进行了考察。结果表明,通过选冶联合工艺处理高炉除尘灰获得较好的选别指标,且可回收碳品位为86.52%和回收率为92.80%的碳精矿、铁品位为54.16%和回收率为45.47%的铁精矿以及纯度为95.2%的锌产品,锌总回收率达到87%以上。