纤维素酶产生菌的筛选及其固态发酵初步研究

用预处理的天然纤维素为碳源，从土壤中定向筛选出8株产纤维素酶能力较强的真菌，选取其中CMC糖化力（CMCase)和滤纸糖化力（FPA）均较高的JZ－H进行固态发酵实验，初步研究发现：该菌以杂草为碳源、（NH4）2SO4和蛋白胨为氮源、500mL三角瓶装干料10g、自然pH、30℃培养72h，发酵物的CMCase达128.5IU/g,FPA达75.8U/g。     

一株纤维素分解菌的分离选育

以天然秸秆纤维素为碳源,从土壤、酒糟及牛粪中共分离到5株能分解纤维素的真菌菌株.分别对其进行了滤纸分解度、羧甲基纤维素酶活力(CM C ase)、滤纸糖化力(FPA)和天然纤维素酶活力的测定.结果表明:F-25菌株对滤纸的分解能力最强,不到12 h滤纸全成糊状;同时羧甲基纤维素酶活力、滤纸糖化力和天然纤维素酶活力也最高,分别为2.884(m g/mL).30 m in、0.36(m g/mL).h和2768(m g/mL).d.     

高产纤维素酶菌株的筛选及产酶条件研究

从霉变的玉米芯中筛选到一株高产纤维素酶的菌株，经18S rRNA基因序列分析和菌株形态特性分析，确定该菌株为灰绿曲霉(Aspergillus glaucus)．利用固体纤曲培养产生纤维素酶，研究了培养基起始pH值、培养温度、培养时间、接种量、氮源、稻草粉与麸皮比例、表面活性剂等对菌株产酶的影响．在最适条件下菌株培养72h后，羧甲基纤维素酶(CMCase)活力高达6812U／g(干曲．下同)，滤纸酶活力(FPA)达172U／g．利用该菌株对蔗渣进行分解．其糖化率达36．4％．     

产辅酶Q10热带假丝酵母菌株C-1发酵过程优化

该文以热带假丝酵母（candida tropicalis）C-1为CoQ10的生产菌,通过发酵过程的优化,重点考察了碳源、氮源、接种量、酸碱度和装液量等对生物量和CoQ10产量的影响。发现氮源对产物合成影响最大,其次分别是酸碱度、装液量和碳源。优化后的发酵条件是：碳源,葡萄糖26g／L＋蔗糖26g／L;氮源,酵母膏7．5g／L＋蛋白胨7．5g／L;pH为6．5,装液量为40mL,发酵时间为30h,培养温度为30℃,CoQ10的得率为10．8mg／L。此外,加入适量的维生素B1、烟酸和铁离子等有利于CoQ10微生物细胞的生长和CoQ10产量的提高。     

粪产碱杆菌青霉素酰化酶在枯草芽孢杆菌中的表达优化

在5L发酵罐中进行了表达粪产碱杆菌青霉素G酰化酶的重组枯草杆菌WB600(pMA5)的发酵研究。实验表明，发酵液中的葡萄糖浓度和菌体产酶能力密切相关，维持低葡萄糖水平，可以提高枯草杆菌WB600(pMA5)青霉素G酰化酶的合成能力。采用混合碳源进行发酵，在生长阶段流加葡萄糖，并维持低浓度，在发酵12h菌体浓度达到约13．8g／L时停止流加葡萄糖，使茵体利用发酵液中的可溶性淀粉作为碳源，避免葡萄糖的代谢副产物对茵体产酶能力的抑制，青霉素G酰化酶的表达水平从原来的55u／L提高到582u／L。     

康氏木霉产酶发酵固体培养基优化研究

为利用廉价的培养基生产纤维素酶复合制剂，本实验采用培养基配方选择试验和双温度培养法对康氏木霉F244产酶特性进行了研究．在测定滤纸酶(FPA)、棉花酶、羧甲基纤维素酶(CMCase)、β-葡萄糖苷酶和果胶酶活力的基础上利用SPSS建立回归方程，全相关系数分别达到0．852，0．941，0．964，0．703，0．899，而后通过无约束规划求解找到最佳配方，并对酶活进行了预报和对比．结果表明：各酶活最大时对培养基各成分的含量要求不同；应用稻草粉质量分数20．3％，麸皮质量分数26．1％，(NH4)2SO4质量分数7．9％，水分质量分数45．7％的配方发酵时，F244的FPA、棉花酶、CMCase、β-葡萄糖苷酶、果胶酶活可望达14．1，20．1，43．9，21．6，16．8IU／g，基本与里氏木霉Q9414在其推荐培养基上的产酶水平相当，而且该配方用料来源广泛，成本低廉，工艺简单，产品安全无毒．     

一种新型生物膜反应器处理污水的研究

研究一种新型生物膜反应器-水力旋转生物膜反应器对生活污水的处理，研究表明最佳水力停留时间为4hr，本装置脱氮效果较好，停留时间为8hr时TN去除率达62．5％，氮的去除通过同步硝化反硝化反应．BOD面积负荷设置为5-7g／(m^2．d)较合适。     

秸秆微生物降解及发酵生产乙醇的研究

目的 研究提高微生物降解秸秆的产糖率及利用秸秆降解物发酵生产乙醇的产率.方法 利用单一微生物纯培养和多种微生物混合培养降解秸秆产生可发酵糖,并对秸秆降解物采用非等温同时糖化发酵法(nonisothermal simultaneous saccharification and fermentation,NSSF)和同步糖化发酵法(simultaneous saccharification and fermentation,SSF)进行发酵生产乙醇.结果 采用黑由霉和康宁木霉混合培养降解秸秆时的纤维素酶活力显著高于其他5种降解形式,CMC糖化力(CM-CA)可达到3676U,滤纸糖化力(FPA)可达到680U;采用NSSF法发酵的乙醇产率显著高于采用SSF法发酵的乙醇产率,其最高可达到0.14 g/gDS.结论 采用黑曲霉和康宁木霉混合培养降解秸秆,并采用NSSF法进行发酵生产乙醇,与直接用酶降解秸秆发酵生产乙醇的产率相当,但是成本低于采用商品化的酶.     

微生物转化法制备雌酮的研究

从实验室保藏菌种中诱变筛选到一株简单节杆菌（Arthrobacter simplex）DW5，该菌株能将底物雄烯二酮衍生物转化为雌酮。本文主要对DW5菌株转化培养基和转化条件进行研究。结果表明，当转化培养基碳源为葡萄糖，氮源为蛋白胨，转化初始pH为7．0，装液量25mL／250mL三角瓶时，当投入底物浓度为5g／L，14h后雌酮转化率达90％。     

铁系新型固体超强酸Fe2O3/S2O2-8/La3+的制备及其对环己酮缩乙二醇的合成研究

以自制铁系新型固体超强酸Fe2O3／S2O^2-8／La^3 为催化剂，用环己酮和乙二醇为原料合成环己酮缩乙二醇的反应进行了研究。探讨了酮醇比、催化剂用量、反应时间等对缩合产率的影响。结果表明：n(环己酮)：n(乙二醇)=1：1．2，催化剂用量为0．5g，带水剂环己烷为15ml，反应时间2h，常压下，收集174-178℃的馏分，缩合产率达91．8％。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that