Wetern-blot方法分析研究SCH患者ABA

本文以Western—blot方法对精神分裂症(SCH)患者的同种和异种抗脑抗体(ABA)进行了分析研究,结果表明,同种和异种ABA均与SCH相关,而且同种ABA阳性患者的分裂症过种往往非常严重。     

人类巨细胞病毒感染致1型糖尿病机制的初步探讨

目的通过对1型糖尿病患者的HCMV感染标志物、空腹血糖、空腹C肽、胰岛素自身抗体及抗胰岛细胞抗体的研究,初步探讨HCMV致1型糖尿病的机制。方法检测1型糖尿病患者的HCMV感染标志物（包括HCMV—IgG及其相对含量、HCMV—IgM及HCMV—pp65）、空腹血糖、C肽、抗胰岛素自身抗体及抗胰岛细胞抗体并进行统计学分析。结果HCMV感染与1型糖尿病患者抗胰岛素自身抗体之间无明显相关性,但与1型糖尿病患者空腹血糖、空腹C肽、抗胰岛细胞抗体存在明显的相关性,HCMV—pp65阳性的1型糖尿病患者中其空腹血糖明显高于该指标阴性者;抗HCMV—IgG阳性的1型糖尿病患者空腹血糖水平、抗胰岛细胞抗体均显著高于抗HCMV—IgG阴性者,而空腹C肽水平则明显低于抗HCMV—IgG阴性者,且抗HCMV—IgG抗体指数在4．1以上者,其抗胰岛细胞抗体阳性率显著高于抗HCMV—IgG抗体指数在4．0以下者。结论HCMV感染可能通过直接损伤胰岛免疫病理反应损伤胰岛细胞最终导致1型糖尿病的发生。     

胶体金免疫层析技术同步检测甲、戊型肝炎病毒IgG抗体的研究

目的探索并建立胶体金免疫层析(GICA)同步检测血清中的甲、戊型肝炎病毒的IgG抗体的方法.方法采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒,标记鼠抗人IgG单克隆抗体,制成免疫层析测试条.血清中甲、戊型肝炎的特异性IgG抗体与测试条上金标抗体结合后沿着硝酸纤维素膜移动与膜上固相包被的抗原(HAAg,HEAg)、抗体(羊抗鼠lgG)结合形成肉眼可见的红色线条.结果自制的GICA试条与EIA对比检测血清标本188份,各单项指标抗-HAV IgG,抗-HEV IgG两法总符合率分别为98.9%,98.9%,检测灵敏度可达1μg/L.结论用于同步检测血清中的甲、戊型肝炎病毒特异性IgG抗体的GICA试条的制备条件已基本建立,其检测结果特异性强、灵敏度高、操作方法简便快捷且无需特殊仪器设备,有广泛的应用价值.     

高血压伴OSAHS患者血AT1受体自身抗体水平与呼吸暂停低通气指数的关系

目的探讨高血压伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者抗血管紧张素1受体(AT1)自身抗体水平与呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)的关系.方法选取200例高血压伴OSAHS患者为研究对象,纳入研究组,以同期确诊的单纯OSAHS患者100例为对照组,对比两组收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、AHI等基线资料,比较轻、中、重度OSAHS患者SBP,DBP水平,分析高血压伴OSAHS患者SBP,DBP与AHI的相关性,同时对比两组血浆AT1自身抗体、内皮素(ET-1)、内源性一氧化氮(NO)水平,分析AT1自身抗体与SBP,DBP,AHI,ET-1,NO的相关性.结果研究组体质量指数、颈围、腰围、SBP、DBP、AHI均较单纯SAHS组高(P0.05);随病病情程度加重,研究组SBP,DBP均显著增加,且研究组SBP,DBP显著高于对照组(P0.05);高血压伴OSAHS患者SBP,DBP与AHI呈正相关(P0.05);研究组AT1自身抗体、ET-1较对照组高,研究组NO水平与对照组比较明显低(P0.05);相关分析显示:AT1自身抗体水平与SBP,DBP,AHI,ET-1呈正相关,而与NO水平呈负相关(P0.05).结论高血压伴OSAHS患者血AT1受体的肾素-血管紧张素系统可能参与了OSAHS合并高血压的病变过程.     

卵黄抗体的研究进展

自从 1983年 ,Klemperer首次报道鸡蛋中存在抗体以来 ,人们对卵黄抗体 (IgY)的研究越来越多 ,认识也越来越深入 ,应用也日益广泛起来。卵黄抗体价格便宜、制备方便 ,具有其它抗体不可比拟的特点 ,是当今生物科学研究的一个热点。1　IgY与IgG的区别历史上 ,曾经有人认为在禽类血清中发现的低分子量 (MW )免疫球蛋白是IgG。但是研究分析发现禽类血清中的抗体不具有类似于IgG的 5 0kDa重链 (γ) [1] 。所以说禽类血清中的抗体不是IgG。现在认为IgY是禽类血清和卵黄中的主要抗体。IgG的重链 (γ)为 5 0kD ,由四个区域组成 :一个可变区 …     

ELISA法快速测定McAb培养上清中鼠源IgG质量浓度

用小鼠IgG纯品免疫新西兰大白兔,获得兔抗小鼠IgG多克隆抗体.以兔抗小鼠lgG多抗包被聚苯乙烯微孔板.配以辣根过氧化物酶标记的山羊抗小鼠IgG抗体和以3,3'5,5-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)为底物,建立了快速测定McAb培养上清中鼠源IgG的双抗体夹心ELISA方法.该方法的检测线性范围是7.02ng/mL至449.38ng/mL之间,回收率在94.83%-115.15%之间,变异系数在1.45%-9.94%之间.显然用该方法测定MeAb培养上清中鼠源IgG质量浓度是可行的.     

金黄色葡萄球菌蛋白A的荧光标记和应用

来源于金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphlococcus aureus)细胞壁的A蛋白(Staph ptotein A,简作SpA)能与各种抗体球蛋白G(IgG)的Fc区相结合,且不减弱抗体抗原的结合。V.Ghetie等人认为SpA是作为多价交联剂作用于IgG受体的。Jrgen Sjahl曾用胰蛋白酶(Trypsin,TR)和溶金黄色葡萄球菌酶(Lysostaphin,Ls)两种酶水解A蛋白,测     

抗促黄体激素单克隆抗体的研制：Ⅱ单克隆抗体的纯化及特性鉴定

在建立六株稳定分泌抗促黄体激素(LH)单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株后,用羟基磷灰石(HAP)吸附层折技术从小鼠特异腹水中一步纯化抗LH单克隆抗体,抗体纯度可达85％—90％,在纯化抗体的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)图谱上基本显示IgG一条带,每ml腹水回收IgG量为3.6mg,并保留大部分抗体活性。特性鉴定结果表明,在六种抗体LH单克隆抗体中,AL-02和AL-06两种抗体与促卵泡激素(FSH)不产生交叉反应,是抗LH-β亚单位上的抗原决定簇的:其它四种抗体与FSH产生完全的交叉反应,是抗LH-α亚单位上抗原决定簇的。用測定抗体与抗原相对结合力的方法估算了四种抗LH单克隆抗体的相对亲和力,结果是AL-01抗体相对亲和力提高,其后依次是AL-03,AL-04和AL-02抗体。     

1例抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体脑炎合并失眠的病例报道并文献复习

目的 探讨抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体脑炎(抗NMDAR脑炎)的临床表现以及诊治方法.方法 报道1例抗NMDAR脑炎患者的临床表现、影像学、脑脊液、多导睡眠监测(PSG)、诊断及治疗方法,并结合文献进行复习.结果 患者有失眠、视物模糊、发热、感觉异常、反应迟钝等临床表现,脑脊液检测出抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体脑炎抗体...     

人鼻粘膜中IgG、IgE抗体生成细胞的研究(摘要)

作者采用免疫荧光抗体标记技术(直接法)对6例正常人,28例变态反应性鼻炎患者及11例经特异性脱敏治疗后获得较好效果者(共45例)的鼻粘膜中IgG、IgE抗体生成细胞进行了研究,获得五个结果:1、正常人鼻粘膜中具有IgG抗体生成细胞;2、变态反应性鼻炎患者鼻粘膜中IgG抗体生成细胞与正常人无显著差异(P<0.05);3、经特异性脱敏治疗三个月后症状明显改善者鼻粘膜中IgG抗体生成细胞明显高于发作期(P<0.01)。由此推断特异性脱敏可以通过增加局部抗体生成细胞的数量来增加局部IgG封闭抗体的浓度,这     

HCV感染与多种自身抗体高检出率的关系

为探讨丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）感染后体内出现的自身抗体的病理意义及其引起的自身免疫的发生机制。方法：对１６１例ＨＣＶ感染者进行了八种自身抗体（抗核抗体、类风湿因子、抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体、抗甲状腺微粒体抗体、抗双链ＤＮＡ抗体、抗ＲＮＰ抗体、抗Ｓｍ抗体、抗精子抗体）的检测。结果：有５２例检出６９项次自身抗体,自身抗体检出率为３２．３％,显著高于健康人对照组（Ｐ＜０．００５）（未计抗精子抗体）。结论：ＨＣＶ感染可能是诱发自身免疫反应的一个重要因素     

IgM-autoantibodies against isologous erythrocytes also react with isologous IgG(Fc)

The mechanisms by which the adaptive immune system of animals discriminate between foreign and self components are not known. It is generally believed that antibodies are produced only in response to foreign agents. However, against this axiom there is mounting evidence that normal animals produce autoantibodies against a variety of self components. In two murine model systems, a high proportion of IgM-producing cells secrete autoantibodies. In one model, the autoantibodies are specific for isologous mouse IgG(Fc) and in the other, the autoantibodies are specific for antigens revealed on the surface of mouse erythrocytes (RBC) by proteolytic enzymes. The function of these two autoimmune responses is a mystery. Here we show that the two responses are related. The lysis of mouse RBC, modified with bromelain (brom) by IgM autoantibodies was completely inhibited by isologous IgG(Fc), and antibodies against mouse IgG(Fc) formed precipitin bands with solubilized membranes from mouse RBC. We conclude that mouse RBC membranes and IgG(Fc) have at least one antigenic determinant in common and that this determinant is the target for autoimmune responses in normal mice.     

Chromatin-IgG complexes activate B cells by dual engagement of IgM and Toll-like receptors

Autoreactive B cells are present in the lymphoid tissues of healthy individuals, but typically remain quiescent. When this homeostasis is perturbed, the formation of self-reactive antibodies can have serious pathological consequences. B cells expressing an antigen receptor specific for self-immunoglobulin-gamma (IgG) make a class of autoantibodies known as rheumatoid factor (RF). Here we show that effective activation of RF+ B cells is mediated by IgG2a-chromatin immune complexes and requires the synergistic engagement of the antigen receptor and a member of the MyD88-dependent Toll-like receptor (TLR) family. Inhibitor studies implicate TLR9. These data establish a critical link between the innate and adaptive immune systems in the development of systemic autoimmune disease and explain the preponderance of autoantibodies reactive with nucleic acid-protein particles. The unique features of this dual-engagement pathway should facilitate the development of therapies that specifically target autoreactive B cells.     

特异性抗体和特异性免疫复合物的检测对结核病的诊断意义

以ＥＬＩＳＡ检测１０８例活动性肺结核、３９例稳定期肺结核、３０例肿瘤、１０１例非结核性肺部疾病患者及２０２例正常人血清的抗结核菌纯蛋白衍生物（ＰＰＤ）ＩｇＧ抗体（简称抗－ＰＰＤ）和循环免疫复合物（ＣＩＣ）中的抗－ＰＰＤＩｇＧ抗体（简称ＣＩＣ－ＰＰＤ）。结果表明，活动性肺结核患者的抗－ＰＰＤ和ＣＩＣ－ＰＰＤ水平明显高于正常人和各疾病组患者的水平（Ｐ＜０．００１），但与其病变范围无关。单一测定活动性肺结核患者的抗－ＰＰＤ，敏感性为８５．２％，特异性为９８．５％；测定ＣＩＣ－ＰＰＤ，敏感性为８６．１％．特异性９６．９％。以两者任一项阳性作为诊断活动性肺结核的标准，则敏感性为９３．５％。此外，对１１例活动性肺结核患者的动态观察表明，随着治疗天数的增加和临床症状的改善，患者的抗－ＰＰＤ和ＣＩＣ－ＰＰＤ水平会逐渐降低，前者于治疗后第２０～２４周降至正常水平，后者则于治疗后第１２～１６周降至正常值。研究结果提示测定患者的抗－ＰＰＤ和ＣＩＣ－ＰＰＤ的水平，可用于结核病诊断，对结核病的疗效判定亦有帮助。     

Paramyxovirus SV5 and multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is commonly associated with a local humoral immune response within the central nervous system. A hallmark of this intrathecal response is the presence of electrophoretically demonstrable oligoclonal bands of IgG in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of up to 95% of patients. Observations indicating that a major part of the CSF IgG in some patients may represent antibodies to SV5, a simian virus closely related to human parainfluenza type 2 virus, were recently reported by Goswami et al. We have studied thirty patients with multiple sclerosis, but although we find intrathecal synthesis of IgG antibodies reacting with SV5 in seven of these, the antibodies were not associated with oligoclonal CSF IgG bands and could in each case be explained as potentially cross-reacting antibodies to other paramyxoviruses known to be human pathogens. We have therefore been unable to confirm that SV5 may be a major intrathecal immunogen in multiple sclerosis.     

戊型肝炎病毒抗体的研究

戊型肝炎病毒（ＨＥＶ）和戊型肝炎已被研究多年，许多作者从流行病学、血清学以及病毒基因方面，作了许多工作［１～３］，在诊断试剂方面，也有不少报告［４～６］．我们在研究中发现，ＨＥＶ抗体有不同亚型，现将初步结果报告如下．１材料和方法１．１材料ＨＥＶ抗原的...     

两种不同示踪剂用于蛋白质与抗原分子微阵列信号检测的对比研究

以氧化型琼脂糖凝胶膜为基片，制作蛋白质与抗原分子微阵列，建立了检测固相人IgG,游离IgG和自身抗体分子的免疫学测定模式，分别以辣根过氧化物酶－二氨基联苯胺一双氧水（HRPDAB－H2O2）和胶体金－硝酸银－对苯二酚2种示踪系统作为蛋白质与抗原分子微阵列信号显示剂，并对其作用的原理与特点进行讨论，检测结果发现基于胶体金的免疫金银染色法（IGSS）比固相酶免疫测定法（EIA）敏感，2种示踪系统对固相人IgG的最低检出量分别为0．05ng和0．5ng；而对血清游离IgG的最低检出量IGSS法比EIA法至少高出10倍，两法用于自身抗体的测定亦表现出较好的重复性，在14例HCV感染者中，自身抗体的总体检出率分别为38．6％和31．4％，结果具有显著的同步性，故同时辅以2种示踪剂并用于阵列芯片的联合测试，有助于提高自身抗体的总体检出水平。     

The RNA-binding protein FCA is an abscisic acid receptor

The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates various physiological processes in plants. The molecular mechanisms by which this is achieved are not fully understood. Genetic approaches have characterized several downstream components of ABA signalling, but a receptor for ABA has remained elusive. Although studies indicate that several ABA response genes encode RNA-binding or RNA-processing proteins, none has been found to be functional in binding ABA. Here we show that FCA, an RNA-binding protein involved in flowering, binds ABA with high affinity in an interaction that is stereospecific and follows receptor kinetics. The interaction between FCA and ABA has molecular effects on downstream events in the autonomous floral pathway and, consequently, on the ability of the plant to undergo transition to flowering. We further show that ABA binding exerts a direct control on the FCA-mediated processing of precursor messenger RNA. Our results indicate that FCA is an ABA receptor involved in RNA metabolism and in controlling flowering time.     

ELISA定量测定单克隆抗体方法改进

本文介绍了以亲和层析纯化的免抗鼠IgG类抗体及其酶标物作为捕获及检测抗体进行鼠杂交瘤培养上清及腹水中IgG类单克隆抗体的ELISA定量测定方法。结果表明:小牛血清(BS)、免血清(RS)、马血滑(HS)、人血清(HuS)及非抗体产生细胞的培养上清对本项εLISA实验无干扰,使测定的结果较可靠,测定的鼠IgG各亚类的标准曲线的线性范围均在5～100ng/ml之间,因此这个快速、可靠的方法可为鼠IgG类单克隆抗体的定量测定提供一种实用的手段。     

The role of clonal selection and somatic mutation in autoimmunity

Polyclonal activation has been proposed as the reason that autoantibodies are produced during autoimmune disease. This model denies a role for specific antigen selection of B cells and predicts instead a multiclonal population of unmutated or randomly mutated autoantibodies. We have found that the genetic features and clonal composition of spontaneously derived immunoglobulin G (IgG) antiself-IgG (rheumatoid factor (RF] autoantibodies derived from the autoimmune MRL/lpr mouse strain are inconsistent with both the predictions of this model and the actual outcome of experimental polyclonal activation. Instead we have found that MRL/lpr RFs are oligoclonal or even monoclonal in origin. They harbour numerous somatic mutations which are distributed in a way that suggests immunoglobulin-receptor-dependent selection of these mutations. In this sense, the MRL/lpr RFs resemble antibodies elicited by exogenous antigens after secondary immunization. The parallels suggest that, like secondary immune responses, antigen stimulation is important in the generation of MRL/lpr RFs.