手性蜂窝夹芯概念发动机罩行人头部保护性能仿真

为了减小汽车事故中的行人头部损伤,提出了一种具有四韧带手性蜂窝芯体的夹芯吸能式发动机罩概念设计.建立了头型冲击器、四韧带手性蜂窝以及传统六边形蜂窝夹芯的吸能式发动机罩有限元模型,仿真对比了两种机罩对行人头部的保护性能.结果表明:与六边形蜂窝相比,四韧带手性蜂窝夹芯机罩能更有效地减小行人头部碰撞损伤.建立的四韧带手性蜂窝夹芯吸能式发动机罩,可以为汽车事故中用于行人头部保护的新型吸能发动机罩设计提供参考.     

泡沫铝层合结构汽车发动机罩板研究

为了提高汽车的节能性、安全性,文章以某汽车发动机罩板为设计原型,以轻量化和刚度满足要求为约束条件,设计了泡沫铝层合结构汽车发动机罩板;利用有限元仿真分析方法对2种结构汽车发动机罩板的静态性能及其与行人头部碰撞保护性进行了分析。结果表明,泡沫铝层合结构汽车发动机罩板不仅可以实现汽车轻量化,达到节能减排的目的,而且还可提高汽车发动机罩板的静态性能及与行人碰撞的安全性。     

基于行人落地碰撞的车辆前部结构参数分析

在行人-车辆碰撞事故中,行人头部损伤不仅源于行人与车辆的一次碰撞,而且还有与地面的二次碰撞.为了综合分析车辆前部结构参数对一、二次碰撞中行人运动学及头部损伤的影响,本文在MADYMO中对车辆前部结构(挡风玻璃角度(WA)、发动机罩角度(BA)、发动机罩长度(BL)、发动机罩前沿高度(BLEH)和离地间隙(GC))进行参数调整,构建一系列行人-车辆碰撞多体模型,并采用多元线性回归方法分析车辆参数对行人运动学和头部损伤的影响.结果表明,一、二次碰撞中,BLEH对行人头部HIC值(车)和行人旋转角度的影响均最为显著(p0.01),BA对头部角加速度(车)的影响较BLEH更为显著,WA、BL和GC对行人运动学与损伤的影响均较小.较低的BLEH对一次碰撞中行人头部的保护更好,但BLEH过低易导致二次碰撞中行人头部首先与地面碰撞,这会增大头颈部的损伤风险.本文定量分析了车辆前部结构参数对行人一、二次碰撞的影响,研究结果可为车辆安全性设计提供理论参考.     

基于行人头部保护的某SUV发动机罩模态分析

对某SUV发动机罩优化前后进行了NVH模态性能研究.建立了车型发动机罩有限元模型,利用NASTRAN软件对车型发动机罩进行了前6阶模态分析,计算结果表明,优化后的发动机罩在满足EuroNCAP行人头部保护性能的前提下能够同时兼顾NVH模态性能,从而为开发以EuroNCAP五星行人头部保护为目标的车型提供改进与评价参考.     

头部撞击发动机罩板的力学响应分析

利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立了行人头部和发动机罩板的有限元模型,分析了其碰撞过程中的生物力学响应,并对其结果进行了讨论,得出了影响头部生物损伤的各种因素,为加强行人安全以及汽车安全性问题提供了参考.     

汽车车身碰撞性能的有限元仿真与改进

在碰撞仿真理论的指导下,以某型号小客车为研究对象,建立了整车正面碰撞有限元模型,并按照国家汽车安全法规CMVDR294的要求进行了整车正面碰撞试验的数值仿真,结果显示,与试验结果取得了较好的一致。根据仿真计算结果,对发动机罩及其铰链进行结构和材料两方面的改进设计,改善了发动机罩的变形吸能模式,在此基础上,为了更全面评价整车结构的耐撞性能,建立了整车偏置碰撞有限元模型,进行了偏置碰撞的数值模拟分析,计算了车身变形及其吸能特性。根据仿真计算结果,对前纵梁和前轮罩进行结构改进设计,提高了其吸能能力。     

面向轻量化的车身高强度钢覆盖件刚度仿真

基于壳体有限元理论,在满足车身设计规范前提下,进行车身外覆盖件轻量化定量仿真研究.以发动机罩板为对象,根据车身结构安全性能要求,建立抗弯和抗扭刚度仿真模型.以ST14传统钢板材料仿真结果为比较基准,进行以BH340高强度烘烤硬化钢板为替代材料的发动机罩板轻量化开发.结果表明:在满足车身刚度设计规范前提下,该方案能实现发动机罩板减重14.28%,满足轻量化设计要求.     

行人膝关节损伤的计算机仿真研究

参照某量产车型建立汽车模型,采用具有较好生物逼真度的多刚体行人模型,建立了汽车与行人碰撞的系统仿真模型.通过改变汽车保险杠、发动机罩等前部结构参数,研究了其对行人膝关节损伤参数的影响,分析了行人腿部与不同前部结构参数的汽车相碰撞的受力特点.提出了适当降低保险杠及发动机罩前端的高度、使汽车前部结构接近流线型、加宽保险杠前端面上下之间的作用宽度等改进汽车前部结构特性的主要措施.     

轿车与儿童行人碰撞事故重建研究

结舍MADYMO和PC-CRASH仿真分析软件重现了长沙地区一起汽车与12岁儿童行人碰撞事故的动力学响应过程.首先,根据事故现场采集的详细数据,利用PC-CRASH分析得到了与事故数据最吻合的碰撞参数;然后根据这些参数定义了MADYMO模型的边界和初始条件.建立了肇事车辆的多刚体(MBS-FACET)和有限元(FE)2种数学模型,应用MADYMO软件中的SCALER模块计算得到12岁儿童行人模型.通过仿真计算得到儿童行人与车辆碰撞的动态响应过程以及头部损伤的相关物理参数.结果表明,2种仿真模型均很好地重现了事故中行人的整个运动过程及头部碰撞情形,仿真计算得到的头部生物力学响应参数与儿童行人损伤诊断结果吻合较好.     

发动机罩气囊在人车碰撞事故中对行人的保护作用

为了减少人车碰撞事故中的行人损伤,在汽车前端设置发动机罩安全气囊.通过LS-DYNA软件对有无发动机罩气囊两种条件下的人车碰撞进行模拟仿真,对假人身体主要部位损伤结果进行对比分析.研究发现,有发动机罩气囊比无发动机罩气囊碰撞条件下假人头部损伤值HIC降低到838,颈部最大剪切力及最大弯矩分别降低40.60％和52.8％...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with