Understanding atomic-scale phase separation of liquid Fe-Cu alloy

Using liquid Fe 60 Cu 40 alloy as a model, the structure of liquid Fe-Cu alloy systems is investigated in the temperature range 1200 2200 K, covering a large metastable undercooled regime, to understand the phase separation of liquid Fe-Cu alloys on the atomic scale. The total pair distribution functions (PDFs) indicate that liquid Fe 60 Cu 40 alloy is ordered in the short range and disordered in the long range. If the atom types are ignored, the total atom number densities and PDFs demonstrate that the atoms are distributed homogenously in the liquid alloy. However, the segregation of Fe and Cu atoms is very obvious with decreasing temperature. The partial PDFs and coordination numbers show that the Cu and Fe atoms are not apt to get together on the atomic scale at low temperatures; this will lead to large fluctuations and phase separation in liquid Fe-Cu alloy.     

形变对铁铜合金时效析出的影响

对铁铜合金分别进行50%和80%冷变形,利用金相显微镜以及高分辨投射电镜研究形变热处理过程中的微观组织与沉淀析出,分析形变量对时效析出的影响. 结果表明:变形有助于第二相的析出,大的冷变形量时沉淀相粒子形成的速率更快,所占体积分数更大. 优先析出为富铜过渡相,这种富铜过渡相所形成的GP区对合金起强化作用,其后随时效时间延长这种富铜相逐渐转转变成ε-Cu.     

Precipitation of ordered α2 phase in a near-α titanium alloy with duplex microstructure

The precipitation of ordered α2 phase in a near-α Ti-6.3A1-4.8Sn-2.0Zr-1.0Mo-0.34Si-0.9Nd (mass fraction) alloy with duplexmicrostructure, during aging at various temperatures, was investigated. It is concluded that the precipitation and growth of the α2 phasecan be controlled by suitable selection of the aging temperature. Aging at higher temperatures can result in the uniform precipitation andgrowth of α2 ordered phase in αp whereas the α2 ordered phase precipitated only at the lamella boundaries and dislocations in βt. Aging ata moderate temperature can promote the tendency of uniform precipitation of α2 phase in both αp and βt-Aging at a relatively low tem-perature is suitable for the uniform precipitation and growth of fine α2 particles throughout both the αp and βt matrix.     

非晶态合金Co_3B_2稳定结构、组成和电子性质

利用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法,在B3LYP/Lan12dz水平下,对设计出的十几种可能存在的构型分别在二、四重态下进行了全参数优化计算和频率验证,最终获得了6种稳定构型,其中二重态2种,四重态4种。对这些稳定构型的能量、组成和电子性质进行分析,结果表明:团簇Co_3B_2能够稳定存在的几何构型有平面形、三角双锥、单"帽"三角锥和变形四方锥;其中具有单"帽"三角锥结构的构型1~(2)最为稳定;团簇构型随能量的逐渐升高,所占比例逐渐下降,其中构型1~(2)所占比例最大,为27.11%;Co和B原子的电子得失与团簇Co_3B_2构型和重态密切相关;Co原子的3d,4s轨道对原子间成键有较大贡献。     

退火过程中AA3003铝合金的析出与再结晶

通过硬度测试、电阻测试以厦光学显微镜观察，研究不同冷变形量的AA3003合金在退火过程中析出与再结晶的相互作用厦其对显微组织的影响。研究结果表明：在300℃和500℃退火时均有大量第二相粒子析出，在300℃退火时，析出相优先在位错、亚晶界等点阵缺陷处形核，较大的冷轧变形量将导致更多的析出，而且在300℃退火时，析出发生在再结晶之前，导致再结晶晶粒粗大；而在500℃退火时，再结晶发生在析出之前，析出与冷轧变形量无关，并可获得晶粒细小的再蛄晶组织。     

Precipitation behavior and grain refinement of burnishing Al-Zn-Mg alloy

Burnishing is a unique strengthening approach to improve the strength of surface layer and remains the ductility of the interior of metallic materials. In this work, burnishing treatment was employed to improve the surface microstructure of naturally aged Al-Zn-Mg alloys after solid solution. Transmission electron microscopy, highresolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and nano-indentation were used to characterize the effects of the burnishing on the microstructures of surface layer and Guinier-Preston(GP) zones. It was indicated that GP zones uniformly distributed and dispersed in the matrix before burnishing, and the amount of GP zones decreased dramatically after burnishing processing. Additionally, the grains in the surficial layer were refined into nano-crystals with an average grain size of 78 nm. Burnishing treatment not only led to formation of large number of dislocation substructures in the sub-surface and near-matrix surface, but also promoted the precipitation of metastable η' phase at grain boundaries. The synergistic effects of the grain refinement, dislocation multiplication and the precipitation of η' phase strengthen the burnished layer of Al-Zn-Mg alloy.     

AM60B镁合金微弧氧化膜的电化学腐蚀行为

在硅酸盐体系中对AM60B镁合金进行微弧氧化处理,采用循环伏安(CV)法、Tafel极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究膜层在3.5% NaCl介质中的电化学腐蚀行为.结果表明:AM60B镁合金经微弧氧化处理后,膜层耐蚀性得以显著提高.相比低电压下的膜层,高电压下获得膜层微孔略大,但微孔数量明显较少,厚度显著增加,这使得膜层在整个腐蚀过程中呈现了极强的电阻性和优异的耐蚀能力,甚至测试结束时腐蚀介质仍未渗透至膜基面,而低电压下处理得到的膜层,腐蚀介质已渗透至膜基面且侵蚀了基体.     

过饱和7050铝合金固溶体中第二相粒子的析出动力学

利用差示量热法(DSC)并结合JMA方程与双峰分离法对过饱和7050铝合金固溶体中第二相粒子的析出动力学进行分析和计算。研究结果发现:GPⅠ区(367±1)K,η′相(507±1)K和η相(524±1)K的激活能分别为(76.5±0.6),(183.6±2.1)和(666.6±16)kJ/mol,常数k0分别为5.48×1010,5.48×1018和3.14×1066/s,同时得到了其相应的组织转变动力学方程。通过计算发现在本实验条件下,7050铝合金固溶淬火后在393 K时效的峰值时间约为280 h,而在453 K时效的峰值时间约为0.5 h。该计算结果与实验结果十分吻合,其对7050铝合金固溶淬火处理后的人工时效过程有一定的指导作用。     

Mg-6Gd-Y-0.6Zr的析出行为和力学性能

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X线衍射、透射电镜等手段研究添加1％Y(质量分数,下同)对Mg-6Gd-0.6Zr 合金析出行为和力学性能的影响.研究结果表明:添加合金元素Y能大大促进Mg-6Gd合金的时效析出;具有高过饱和度的Mg-6Gd-Y-0.6Zr合金在200℃表现出显著的时效硬化现象;随着时效温度的升高,晶界周围析出相极度粗化并且β'相体积分数降低、分布不均;尤其在250℃峰时效的组织中观察到Mg-6Gd合金所不具备的β'相.200℃时效72 h后,合金获得优异的力学性能,其室温抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为354MPa,292MPa和9.5％,250℃时抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为307MPa,220MPa和13.6％.     

冷凝气体对蒸发制备铁二元合金超细微粒组份的影响

在１３３．３２Ｐａ压强的Ａｒ，Ｎ２两种不同气体中制备了以Ｆｅ９０Ｂ１０为母材的超细微粒．两种微粒的粒径、形态基本一致，但晶化程度及磁性很不一样．通过化学滴定法对两种微粒进行的Ｆｅ含量分析表明二者差别很大．在两种冷凝气体中制取的微粒的组份差别可能是因为不同气体对熔体的活度系数影响不同所致     

La-Mg-Ni系A2B7型贮氢合金表面包覆铜及其电化学性能

以A2B7型贮氢合金La1.5Mg0.5Ni7为研究对象,研究未包覆和表面包覆Cu以及对包覆铜的贮氢合金进行再包覆Ni、Co处理的合金电极电化学性能.实验结果表明,表面包覆Cu和Cu-Ni后的贮氢合金电极循环稳定性有所提高,而包覆Cu-Co的合金电极稳定性较差,但电极容量有所提高.线性极化扫描和电化学阻抗图谱分析结果表明,包覆Cu、Cu-Co及Cu-Ni处理改善合金电极的交换电流密度I0,降低电化学阻抗,说明包覆处理改善合金表面的电催化活性,加快合金表面电荷的迁移速率,从而提高高倍率放电能力.     

云南大红山铁铜矿床隐爆角砾岩的岩石学特征

在云南大红山铁铜矿床,利用隐爆角砾岩探讨隐伏矿床的找矿标志。在外围的东么矿区,通过野外观测隐爆角砾岩的产状,利用宏观和微观的方法研究隐爆角砾岩的岩石学特征及与矿石的关系,将东么矿区隐爆角砾岩分为3类:复成分隐爆角砾岩、英安质隐爆角砾岩和隐爆角砾状矿石;矿化岩石多出现于强钠长石化的隐爆角砾岩附近。在大红山矿区,强钠长石化的隐爆角砾岩是寻找隐伏矿床的一个重要标志。     

化学镀铜对A2B7型贮氢合金电极电化学性能的影响

以A2B7型贮氢合金La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.44Al0.06为对象,系统研究了合金覆铜后进行不同温度退火处理的电极电化学性能。结果表明,表面包覆Cu及退火处理后的贮氢合金电极的活化性能及循环稳定性有所提高。线性极化扫描和电化学阻抗图谱分析结果表明,包覆Cu及退火处理后提高了合金电极的交换电流密度I0,降低了电化学阻抗,说明包覆处理改善了合金表面的电催化活性,加快了合金表面电荷的迁移速率,从而提高了高倍率放电能力。     

B2B企业信用评估模型的研究

分析了当前B2B企业信用评估方法上存在的问题,以网下认证与网上评估相结合的原则,建立了企业信用评估指标体系,构建了企业信用评估模型,为B2B企业进行全面、有效的信用评估提供较为科学的方法.     

B282C电子商务环境下供应链收益分配机制研究

通过对2009年李宁公司网络渠道外包的个案分析，研究了B282C电子商务环境下制造商、代客服务商渠道收益分配问题，得出最优收益分配机制。比较分析发现电子商务平台积分回馈的提高，将有助于系统利润的增加。     

Corrosion behavior of ultrafine-grained AA2024 aluminum alloy produced by cryorolling

The objectives of this study were to produce ultrafine-grained (UFG) AA2024 aluminum alloy by cryorolling followed by aging and to evaluate its corrosion behavior. Solutionized samples were cryorolled to ~85% reduction in thickness. Subsequent aging resulted in a UFG structure with finer precipitates of Al₂CuMg in the cryorolled alloy. The (1) solutionized and (2) solutionized and cryorolled samples were uniformly aged at 160℃/24 h and were designated as CGPA and CRPA, respectively; these samples were subsequently subjected to corrosion studies. Potentiodynamic polarization studies in 3.5wt% NaCl solution indicated an increase in corrosion potential and a decrease in corrosion current density for CRPA compared to CGPA. In the case of CRPA, electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies indicated the presence of two complex passive oxide layers with a higher charge transfer resistance and lower mass loss during intergranular corrosion tests. The improved corrosion resistance of CRPA was mainly attributed to its UFG structure, uniform distribution of fine precipitates, and absence of coarse grain-boundary precipitation and associated precipitate-free zones as compared with the CGPA alloy.     

固溶处理对2E12铝合金组织及疲劳断裂行为的影响

通过对2E12铝合金进行493 ℃/20 min和503℃/20 min固溶处理,研究固溶处理对2E12合金室温拉伸及疲劳性能的影响.采用X线衍射分析、扫描电镜和金相分析对合金组织及疲劳断口进行观察.研究结果表明:提高固溶处理温度对合金拉伸性能影响不大,但可明显减少合金中残留相(Al2Cu,A12CuMg)的含量;经503 ℃/20 min处理后合金的拉伸强度较经493℃/20 min处理后合金的拉伸强度略有提高,但其疲劳寿命延长约20％;合金中残留相在疲劳过程中容易开裂形成微小二次裂纹,在主裂纹扩展过程中起到桥接作用,从而加速疲劳裂纹扩展,降低合金疲劳性能.     

LuNi_2B_2C、YNi_2B_2C超导参量的研究

用二带G-L模型研究了非磁性超导LuNi2 B2C和Yni2B2C的相干长度ξ(T)、速率vc(T)、伦敦穿透深度λ(T)和临界电流密度j(T)在Tc附近对温度T的依赖关系.     

Ultrafine particles produced by evaporating FeB and Fe Si alloys

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酶诱发均匀沉淀法制备纳米SnO2

室温下以SnCl4·5H2O和尿素为原料,利用脲酶催化尿素分解,诱发均匀沉淀制备了纳米SnO2前驱物.TG-DTA和FTIR测试表明,得到的沉淀前驱物为水合二氧化锡.对该前驱物焙烧后进行的XRD和TEM分析显示,前驱物在500℃下焙烧2h后,所得的SnO2平均粒径约为11nm,粒子间有轻微团聚现象,但粒径分布仍较均匀;在800℃下焙烧2h后,平均粒径为43nm,团聚现象加剧.结果表明,利用脲酶的高效催化性,可以在短时间内诱发均匀沉淀,构晶离子在均一的化学环境下同时生成,保证了纳米SnO2粒子的单分散性.