基于背景差分法和帧间差分法的车辆运动目标检测

针对背景差分法和帧间差分法在检测车辆运动目标时存在阴影的问题,提出一种结合背景差分法和帧间差分法去除阴影的车辆运动目标检测算法.首先采用均值法从图像序列建模获取背景,通过背景差分法对当前帧进行差分得到背景差分图,二值化得到二值图.然后利用改进Robert算子对二值图与背景差分图进行边缘检测.最后通过对两张边缘图像进行帧间差分,得到去除阴影的车辆运动目标.     

复杂场景下运动车辆实时动态自适应检测方法

针对复杂交通场景中运动车辆检测方法存在的局限性,提出了一种基于自适应背景与改进动态阈值相结合的运动检测算法.基于当前帧与背景相减得到的差分图像,利用自适应阈值选取方法分别对差分图像的三个颜色通道进行二值化,从而实现运动目标的精确检测.根据检测结果,采用中值更新策略实现背景图像的实时更新.实验结果表明,该算法可以从复杂交通场景图像序列中有效地检测出运动目标.而且算法计算量小,具有良好的鲁棒性与实时性品质指标,能够很好地满足智能交通监控系统中运动车辆实时检测技术要求.     

基于Kalman滤波和阴影消除的运动目标检测

研究基于Kalman理论的时域递归低通滤波、Ostu(最大类间差)阈值选取及形态学阴影消除在运动目标检测中的应用,并将它应用于实际的交通监控视频,实现对运动目标的自动检测.首先采用Kalman滤波实现背景的提取,然后把当前帧与提取的背景做差分运算,之后采用Ostu算法计算出阈值实时检测运动目标,最后采用基于边缘信息阴影检测方法消除阴影.实验以实际的交通监控视频为研究对象,依据运动图像序列与交通场景的特点,兼顾处理效果与实效性.实验结果表明,该方法应用于实时运动目标检测中具有有效性.     

基于背景重建的序列图像车辆目标检测方法

针对静态摄像条件下视频序列图像,提出一种基于背景重建的序列图像车辆目标检测方法.该法先选取一帧图像存入背景缓冲区,然后根据当前帧图像与前一帧图像、背景图像的差分信息对背景缓冲区的背景进行更新.通过运动区域检测、噪声去除、连通单元标记、目标提取、阴影检测等处理,能获取完整的车辆目标区域.实验结果表明,该方法快速、准确,具有较好的实用价值.     

基于三帧差分及Canny算子的运动目标提取

针对目前常用的运动目标提取方法易受到噪声、光线变化的影响,很难提取出完整的运动目标这一问题,提出一种基于三帧差分和Canny边缘检测相结合的运动目标提取算法.该算法首先对连续三帧图像进行差分;然后对差分结果其进行区域填充,得到运动区域;再对当前帧进行Canny边缘检测得到边缘图像,二者相“与”得到运动目标的精确边缘图像;最后通过区域填充得到运动目标图像,从而实现运动目标的提取.实验表明,该算法可以实时有效地将运动物体从图像序列中提取出来.     

基于改进的差分相乘运动目标检测

针对传统帧间差分在目标检测中的不足,提出了基于改进的差分相乘的运动目标检测方法.该算法通过四帧差分分别和混合高斯建模得到的背景图像差分之后再相与,然后通过阈值技术得到运动目标,背景自适应的更新减少了噪声和光照变化对检测的影响,从而解决传统帧差法可能出现的无法检测完整目标的现象.实验表明,改进算法改善了传统帧差法中存在的较多伪目标点与空洞现象,提高了运动目标检测的效率和准确性.     

基于视频流的运动人体检测方法研究

提出一种基于对称帧间差分与背景减除相结合的运动目标检测和自适应背景更新方法.该方法首先建立背景模型,采用帧间差分法将当前帧图像分别与其相邻两帧图像相比较得到运动目标前景部分,并将三帧中变化率小于某一阈值的像素点以一定的更新率实时更新到背景模型中.同时,采用背景减除法对所建立的背景模型进行前景提取,将两种方法所获得的前景图像进行融合,再通过数学形态学运算去除噪声及小面积非人体运动部分,最终得到完整可靠的运动人体二值图像.实验结果表明该方法准确高效,能很好地克服光线的影响,提高监控系统的稳定性.     

基于背景差分的运动目标检测方法

针对静止摄像机下的运动目标检测问题,提出了一种基于背景减法的运动目标检测算法.通过对一组连续视频进行处理,从中得到不含运动目标的背景图像.再利用背景差分的方法提取出运动目标.在确定比较阈值的过程中,一改以往通过实验不断调整的做法,提出了动态阈值的概念,从而增强了检测效果,提高了算法的可实施性.融入了高斯模型关于背景更新的算法,克服了由于背景突然改变而造成的误检测.实验结果表明,通过背景差分与高斯模型相结合的方法,在有诸多不确定性因素的序列视频中构建背景有较好的自适应性,能迅速响应实际场景的变化,为准确地检测出运动目标提供了必要的基础.     

基于帧间差分的ViBe运动目标检测

针对光线变化时现有前景检测方法易将背景检测为运动目标、形成大片阴影的问题,本文利用帧差法对光线变化的不敏感性,对基于ViBe的背景建模、前景检测算法进行改进。结合帧间差分的ViBe前景检测方法包括背景初始化、背景模型更新及后期图像处理三个模块。该方法在更新背景模型时,加入了帧间差分判别多阈值比较,并依据帧间差分的结果对背景更新率进行动态调整,最后对背景建模后的检测结果进行形态学处理,针对大的噪点进行轮廓提取及判定,最终检测出运动目标。针对不同条件下监控视频的试验结果表明,本文方法初始化速度快、实时性好,有效地抑制了由于光线干扰形成的大片鬼影区域。     

智能视频监控中的一种快速运动目标检测方法

为解决现有视频监控系统中目标检测算法无法应付复杂的环境且计算量较大等问题,结合背景模型算法和帧间差分的优点,对混合高斯背景方法和帧间差分进行改进,提出一种基于混合高斯模型背景法和混合差分相结合的运动目标检测改进算法.利用分块思想进行高斯背景建模,利用多帧差分实现混合差分,既能得到较高的灵敏度又能进一步提高检测效果和速度.通过实验证明该算法的可靠性和实时性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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