地铁隧道土体参数敏感性分析与正交反演

以郑州地铁工程为依托,现场监测数据为依据,采用敏感分析和数值模拟相结合的研究方法进行地铁盾构隧道土体力学参数的反演分析.利用MATLAB神经网络工具箱计算平台,计算分析土体变形量与其对应的力学参数之间的非线性关系,构建BP神经网络的训练结构;以地表竖向监测位移为输入样本值,对土体力学参数进行位移反分析.研究结果表明:影响地表变形的主要土体力学参数敏感度依次为内摩擦角(φ)、弹性模量(E)、内聚力(C)、泊松比(μ).应用FLAC3D软件模拟分析地铁区间隧道盾构施工过程的力学特征,并将其成果作为反演分析的样本数集;杂填土层弹性模量E1为7.60 MPa,内摩擦角φ1为22.5°;粉土层弹性模量E2为19.68 MPa,内摩擦角φ2为27.7°;粉质黏土层弹性模量E3为12.98 MPa,内摩擦角φ3为19.5°.现场应用证明了该方法的有效合理性.     

温、湿度对粉砂质泥岩边坡岩体抗剪强度的影响

为研究粉砂质泥岩边坡受温、湿度影响后的岩体抗剪强度参数变化规律,总结了基于Hoek-Brown准则的岩体抗剪强度参数的计算方法,并开展一系列单轴力学试验,得到粉砂质泥岩试样在不同温、湿度条件下的单轴抗压强度σ_c、劈裂强度σ_t及纵波波速V_(pi),根据试验结果及Hoek-Brown准则计算粉砂质泥边坡岩体抗剪强度参数并分析其变化规律。结果表明:温、湿度变化后σ_c、σ_t、V_(pi)均降低,且降幅与变温温差ΔT、变温循环次数n及含水率w相关;温度单独变化时,岩体抗剪强度参数黏聚力c、内摩擦角φ均衰减,且其衰减幅度均随温差幅度|ΔT|、变温过程平均温度、变温循环次数n增大而增大;岩体在恒温浸水时仅湿度变化,其含水率增速在前期较快而在后期趋缓,岩体抗剪强度参数c、φ与含水率w呈指数函数的递减关系;当温、湿度同时变化时,岩体抗剪强度参数c、φ均比天然状态时大幅衰减,且因温度变化影响了湿度变化,使得c、φ在降温循环时随温差幅度|ΔT|增大而增大,在升温循环时随温差幅度|ΔT|增大而减小;在相同变化时间下,湿度变化对岩体抗剪强度参数的影响大于温度变化,温、湿度同时变化对岩体抗剪强度参数的影响大于温度、湿度单独变化时的影响之和,表明温度与湿度之间存在协同增效作用;岩体抗剪强度参数中黏聚力c的衰减幅度大于内摩擦角φ。     

城市固体垃圾的抗剪强度参数

在垃圾填埋场设计中,合理地确定垃圾土的抗剪强度参数是十分重要但又困难的工作.城市固体垃圾的抗剪强度参数与正应力水平及轴向应变(或剪切位移)有相关性.根据大量的试验数据及近年来发生的垃圾填埋场失稳案例反分析的结果,建议采用双线性的抗剪强度包线来表征城市固体垃圾的抗剪强度,当正应力为0至60 kPa时,c'= 22 kPa, φ'= 36°,正应力大于60 kPa时,c'= 30 kPa 和φ'= 31°.     

非饱和玄武岩残积土剪切特性试验研究

非饱和土中的基质吸力对其抗剪强度特性有重要的影响。选取贵州毕威高速公路沿线的玄武岩残积土样,采用非饱和直剪仪进行控制基质吸力的剪切试验。试验结果表明,在不同的基质吸力和净法向应力作用下,重塑试样由于结构性遭到彻底破坏,应力应变关系表现为应变硬化型。在300 kPa的基质吸力范围内,基质吸力对黏聚力影响显著,对有效内摩擦角基本无影响。非饱和玄武岩残积土的抗剪强度与基质吸力基本呈线性关系,非饱和抗剪强度参数φ~b=19.4°,验证了非饱和土双应力状态变量抗剪强度公式的适用性。     

含水率对膨胀土力学性质和非等长双排桩支护变形影响分析

膨胀土的力学性质很不稳定,极易受到水的影响,引起重大工程事故。以成都东郊膨胀土基坑工程为背景,把含水率作为影响膨胀土力学性质和非等长双排桩变形的主要因素;对膨胀土进行室内直接剪切实验,利用Excel对实验数据进行线性回归,分析了含水率对膨胀土抗剪强度τ、黏聚力c和内摩擦角φ的影响规律及原因。结合有限元分析软件MIDAS/GTS对非等长双排桩支护结构进行建模分析,分别讨论了不同内聚力c和内摩擦角φ对桩体最大位移和A、B型桩最大弯矩的影响规律,并给出成都东郊地区膨胀土的建议含水率。     

三峡库区滑坡土体抗剪强度参数相关性构建的最优Copula函数

Copula函数是一种将联合分布函数与各自边缘分布函数连接在一起的函数,已经成功应用在多个领域.本文为了研究表征抗剪强度参数间相关性的二维Copula函数分布模型最优化识别,在收集的滑坡土体参数基础上,采用K-S检验法确定了抗剪强度参数的最优边缘分布模型,并利用最小平方欧式距离识别出表征抗剪强度参数间相关结构最优的Copula函数.结果表明:Copula函数是构造土体抗剪强度参数c、φ之间联合分布函数的一种有效方法;基于核密度参数估计值的Gaussian Copula函数具有更好地描述参数间相关性的能力,构造方法具有计算简单、适用范围广以及能更好地模拟原始参数间相关性等优点,建议优先采用.该方法应基于监测数据计算后进行Copula函数选择,为工程计算参数选取提供一种新的途径.     

不同含水率下细粒含量不同对土的抗剪强度的影响

由于土体的粒组成分不同,所以在不同含水率条件下土的物理力学性质存在差异.为研究某水电站右岸坝肩岩体层内错动带夹层土样(细粒含量少)与某水库右岸边坡滑带土土样(细粒含量多)的物理力学性质,本文将通过颗分试验、直剪试验等来探究不同含水率对细粒含量不同的土的抗剪强度、内聚力及内摩擦角的影响.研究结果表明:细粒含量少和细粒含量多的抗剪强度均与土的含水率有关,随着含水率的增加抗剪强度均减小,且都是先小幅降低,后在塑限处急剧降低.随着含水率的增加,内聚力均逐渐减小,且内聚力与含水率之间均有良好的对数关系.随着含水率的增加细粒含量多的土内摩擦角较细粒含量少的土内摩擦角变化明显,同时细粒含量多的土内摩擦角变化出现明显的分段现象,土的塑限即为转折点.     

凤滩电厂近坝库岸边坡稳定性分析与评价

通过现场钻探揭示了凤滩电厂近坝库岸永顺镇溪边坡的地层岩性,确定了滑裂面(带),并对地形地貌特征进行了分析.根据这些工程地质条件,确定了其沿破碎带滑动的破坏模式.通过对室内岩石力学试验数据的工程处理结果、现场推剪试验结果及滑坡反分析结果,得出了边坡破碎带岩体抗剪强度综合取值为:粘聚力Cm=28.6kPa,内摩擦角φ=29.4°.取3个代表性剖面采用Sarma法对其进行稳定性分析,分析时考虑了水和地震力的影响.计算了各种工况的安全系数,根据求得的安全系数对永顺镇溪边坡进行了评价,并对其综合治理提出一些建议.     

基于正交试验的柏堡滑坡变形敏感性分析

针对三峡库区柏堡滑坡,选取滑带土的粘聚力c和内摩擦角φ、滑坡体重度γ等作为影响因素进行正交试验,并对试验结果进行极差分析以及显著性试验.从分析结果可知,滑带土内摩擦角、降雨量是滑坡稳定性最为敏感因素;结合敏感性分析对滑坡发生滑动的诱发因素进行推断:降雨是引起滑坡的主要原因,持续多日的降雨以及日降雨量的突然涨幅加快了滑坡体上的雨水入渗,降低了滑带土的抗剪强度,从而引起滑坡的稳定性降低;滑坡的稳定性对库水位不敏感,库水位的变动对滑坡的稳定性有一定的影响但有限.     

深厚杂填土剪切强度参数的试验分析

通过对郑州市某工程场地内杂填土的现场直剪试验,采用数理统计的方法对数据进行分析可知,抗剪强度指标中黏聚力c值变化明显,变异系数0.742,离散性较大;内摩擦角φ,离散性变化分析可知其离散性相对较小。试验所测得的抗剪强度指标中内摩擦角φ值可取15.89°作为设计参考值,对于黏聚力c值的选取存在一定的不确定性,需进一步结合勘察资料、杂填土堆积的时间年限、颗粒组成分析和工程经验确定。在此基础上,文中采用新的方法确定黏聚力c值的大小并结合直剪试验的结果进一步分析,表明采用文中方法确定的粘聚力c值是合理的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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