单纤维对惯性颗粒稳态过滤捕集效率的数值模拟分析

采用计算机对单纤维稳态过滤捕集效率进行模拟分析,所选研究对象为惯性单分散颗粒,模拟分析中考虑拦截机理及碰撞机理作用,同时忽略扩散机理的影响.采用Kuwabara流场来表征单纤维表面的气流绕流特征,以计算粉尘颗粒运动的轨迹,计算分析了斯托克斯数St、拦截系数R及填充率c对稳态单纤维捕集效率的影响.研究结果表明:单纤维稳态过滤捕集效率均随St、R及c的增大而增大,单纤维稳态过滤捕集效率与填充率近乎呈线性增加的关系.模拟计算结果与文献研究结果基本吻合.     

考虑反弹行为的单纤维过滤稳态捕集效率的数值模拟

采用稳态单纤维表面粉尘树枝生长随机模拟,并考虑纤维过滤中气溶胶粒子碰撞反弹行为,讨论稳态下斯托克斯数(St)与哈梅克常数(H)对粒子运动轨迹的影响,计算分析了St与H对稳态单纤维捕集效率的影响.研究结果表明:当H值一定时,考虑反弹的捕集效率与不考虑反弹的捕集效率可以按斯托克斯数临界值St_c为分界点写成分段函数,通常1.0≤St_c≤3.5,在St≤St_c的阶段,考虑反弹的捕集效率与不考虑反弹的捕集效率相等,且与文献研究结果基本吻合;在StSt_c阶段,考虑反弹的捕集效率小于不考虑反弹的捕集效率,需对文献研究结果进行修正,修正结果为文献研究结果乘以反弹系数k,k是St、拦截系数Rp、填充率c及H的函数.     

方形截面纤维惯性与拦截耦合捕集效率数值计算与分析

采用数值方法计算方形截面纤维的过滤阻力和粒子的惯性与拦截耦合捕集效率。分析讨论纤维迎风角度(θ)和填充率(C)对粒子惯性与拦截耦合捕集效率、过滤阻力以及粒子沉积分布的影响。结果表明,纤维迎风角度对粒子捕集效率、过滤阻力的影响较弱,但对粒子沉积分布的影响显著。对于以拦截为主导捕集机理的小粒子过滤,方形纤维的捕集效率明显高于圆截面纤维,综合过滤性能更优。而对于大粒子过滤情形,方形纤维未表现出更优的过滤性能。在粒子惯性与拦截捕集机理均起重要作用时,迭加捕集效率严重低估了实际纤维的过滤效率。     

含尘单纤维过滤捕集效率的数值模拟

利用单纤维过滤介质表面颗粒沉积的随机计算模型,通过离散相模型(DPM)模拟方法,讨论单纤维非稳态过滤过程中捕集效率随沉积颗粒数增加的变化情况,模拟分析了颗粒沉积形态、斯托克斯数(St)、无量纲粒径(Nr)及纤维雷诺数(Ref)对含尘单纤维捕集效率的影响.研究结果表明:在过滤的初始阶段,St值对单纤维捕集效率起决定作用,St值越大,捕集效率越高;随着过滤的进行,单纤维的捕集效率随沉积颗粒数的增多而增加,其线性关系及增长的幅度与St、Ref和Nr有关,且相同情况下,沉积的颗粒在迎风面上形成的横截面积越大,则越有利于颗粒的捕集.     

植物叶片表面捕集气溶胶粒子特性数值分析

为研究单叶片植物表面捕集气溶胶粒子的效率与叶片长度、风速及迎风角的关系,采用数值方法在相似理论基础上求解描述植物叶片表面绕流特征的Navier-Stokes方程,考虑粒子布朗扩散和惯性碰撞捕集机理的联合作用,应用拉格朗日法追踪粒子运动轨迹信息,求解捕集机理联合作用下植物叶片表面粒子的捕集行为.由数值分析结果拟合出捕集效...     

柴油机颗粒捕集器捕集效率的数值模拟及试验验证

为研发高过滤效率的颗粒捕集器,通过填充床捕集理论建立其综合捕集效率的数学模型,并利用Matlab和试验对所建立的数学模型进行验证.结果表明:在整个微粒捕集过程中,布朗扩散起主导作用,减小排气流量和提高排气温度均能提高布朗扩散捕集系数和综合捕集系数,而排气流量和排气温度对直接拦截捕集机理的影响不大;当微粒粒径小于100 nm时,布朗扩散捕集机理起主导作用,综合捕集系数随微粒粒径的减小而迅速增加,数值与布朗扩散捕集系数相差不大;当微粒粒径大于100 nm时,直接拦截捕集机理作用增强,综合捕集系数随微粒粒径的增大而减小缓慢,数值大于布朗扩散捕集系数,但仍较小;当微粒粒径为100~500 nm时,由于各种捕集机理相互竞争,综合捕集系数出现最小值.     

微米木纤维纹孔对超微粒子稳态捕集效率的模拟

微米木纤维纹孔对柴油车排放的动力学当量直径为0.01～1 μm的超微粒子具有较强的吸附作用,可有效降低柴油车尾气中PM_2.5的排放量。利用微粒浓度控制方程及纤维捕集理论,将纹孔周围的捕集介质假设为圆柱体,对微米木纤维纹孔处的稳态捕集效率进行数值分析。结果表明:微米木纤维对直径为0.4～0.6 μm的粒子捕集效率相对较低,对其他粒径粒子的捕集效率较高,其中对粒径趋近于0.01 μm微粒的捕集效率可达90%以上,对柴油车超微粒子的捕集有显著作用。在捕集效率的影响因素中,表面渗流速度的降低和管胞壁厚的增加都会提高木纤维的过滤效率,而排气温度对捕集效率的影响较小,可忽略不计。     

纤维截面形状对纤维捕集效率及压力损失的影响

为研究纤维截面形状对纤维过滤器性能的影响,采用Visual Basic的应用程序版(VBA)随机生成不同几何截面形状的虚拟纤维过滤介质,通过计算流体动力学(CFD)技术求解流体在纤维介质流动的动量方程,得出不同几何截面形状纤维的压力损失.采用拉格朗日方法统计被纤维捕集颗粒数,获得纤维介质的捕集效率.采用质量因子综合评价模拟纤维过滤介质的过滤性能,研究不同几何截面形状纤维的异型度和形状系数对其捕集效率、压力损失以及质量因子的影响.模拟结果表明:压力损失随着形状系数的增大而增大;在填充率小于0.20时,三叶形纤维的捕集效率最高且压力损失最大;异形度、形状系数大的纤维对直径小于2μm的颗粒具有较好的捕集效果;在纤维直径为30μm时,对于颗粒直径小的粒子,三叶形纤维的综合过滤性能最好,而当纤维直径为5μm时,圆形纤维的质量因子最高.     

柴油机排气微粒壁流式陶瓷过滤体过滤机理及影响因素

在建立壁流式陶瓷过滤体微粒过滤捕集模型的基础上,详细计算分析了壁流式陶瓷过滤体的3种过滤机理:惯性碰撞机理、拦截机理和扩散机理,以及微粒粒径、过滤体微孔孔径、排气流速、气流温度等因素对3种微粒过滤捕集机理下的壁流式过滤体的微粒捕集系数及综合微粒捕集系数的影响及规律,在此基础上分析了提高壁流式过滤体微粒捕集系数的技术途径.研究结果可以为柴油机排气微粒壁流式陶瓷过滤体微粒捕集效率的定性与定量研究以及过滤体的结构优化设计提供依据.     

纤维过滤介质在容尘阶段的非稳态过滤效率

基于黏性牛顿流体的N-S方程,从一般控制方程的通用形式,结合纤维过滤介质的积尘填充率与粉尘颗粒或气溶胶微粒沉积量,推导出纤维多孔过滤介质内粒子浓度分布的非线性微分方程.分析了过滤效率经验公式中无量纲参数之间的内在联系及其对纤维滤料在容尘阶段过滤效率的影响,利用非线性回归方法拟合出纤维过滤介质的非稳态过滤效率经验公式.结果表明:微粒的Re数均小于1,即空气的流动均处于斯托克斯区域,同时其流动状态为层流;计算得到的拦截参数为0.086～0.559.根据实验结果拟合的纤维滤料在容尘阶段的过滤效率经验公式适用于St小于1的场合.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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