作用于透空圆环墩柱的浅水波绕射波浪力与波浪渗流力

透空结构具有降低海浪作用的功效。该文基于椭圆余弦波一阶分量的浅水波理论和Biot渗流固结理论,分别推导了浅水区固立于可渗透弹性海床上透空圆环墩柱的绕射波浪压力以及由波浪所致海床内渗流压力的数学解,并据此对墩柱所受绕射波浪力与力矩以及渗流浮托力与倾覆力矩进行了实算。结果表明,海况条件和结构参数的变化对波浪所引起的各种载荷存在不同的影响效应,波浪渗流力与波浪直接作用可能具有相同量级。圆环柱外表面的可渗透性对浅水波的直接波浪作用具有明显的减弱效应,而对渗流倾覆力矩也具有一定的减弱效应。此外,圆环墩柱内外柱半径比存在优化取值,以使墩柱达到减载和稳定的双重效果。与Airy波浪理论计算结果相比,浅水波理论的结果能有效反映水波非线性因素的可能影响。     

透空双墩柱底部波浪渗流作用的解析计算

直立墩柱(群)是海工建筑中的典型结构,在近岸工程中应用十分广泛.文中基于线性水波绕射理论和Biot波浪渗流固结理论,应用特征函数展开法,推导了固立于可渗透海床上的大直径透空墩柱群所致绕射波浪场引起的海底下海床内渗流压力分布的解析解,据此计算了作用于双圆柱底部的波浪渗流浮托力和倾覆力矩,并与绕射波浪对透空双柱的直接作用进行了比较.计算结果表明:双圆柱侧表面的透空性对波浪直接作用产生的水平波浪力和力矩有明显的减弱效应,对波浪渗流压力所引起的作用于双圆柱底部的渗流倾覆力矩也有一定的减弱效应;海水波浪条件和双圆柱几何条件等的相对变化对波浪渗流作用均存在一定的影响,其中对渗流倾覆力矩的影响更为明显;在一定条件下,波浪引起的渗流作用与绕射波浪的直接作用具有相同的量级.此外,与密实双柱相比,圆柱结构表面透空将使两柱波浪渗流载荷随相关参数的变化形态更趋相似.     

二层海中立于可渗透海床上的大直径墩柱的波浪渗流力

 应用特征函数展开法,研究了作用在二层海洋中立于可渗弹性海床上垂直圆柱的波浪渗流力问题,给出了由表面波和内波分别所引起的渗流压力场的解析解式,由此推导了作用于固立墩柱底部上由波浪渗流压力所导致的浮托力和倾覆力矩算式,并进行了相应的计算。计算结果反应了二层海中渗流波浪力的各种可能变化趋势,说明内波对波浪渗流力可能存在明显影响。     

作用于透空复合圆柱的波浪渗流力的解析计算

基于Biot渗流固结理论和水波绕射理论,应用特征函数展开法,推导了对应透空复合圆柱的绕射波势和波浪引起的海床内渗流压力分布的解析解式,由此计算了作用于固立透空复合圆柱底部上由波浪渗流压力所导致的浮托力和倾覆力矩,并与水平和垂直绕射波浪力和力矩进行了相应比较。计算结果表明,复合柱上部圆柱侧表面的透空性对水平方向的波浪直接作用有明显的减弱效应,对波浪渗流倾覆力矩也有一定的减弱效应,而对垂直方向的波浪直接作用及波浪渗流浮托力影响较小。海况条件和复合圆柱几何条件等因素的相对变化对波浪渗流作用均存在一定的影响,其中对渗流倾覆力矩的影响更为明显。在一定条件下,波浪渗流作用与绕射波浪作用可以具有相同的量级。     

二层海洋中波浪对透空双圆柱的绕射作用分析

结构表面布孔可以减弱波浪载荷,而海水的层化将导致表面波和内波的二重绕射作用机制。对此,本文分析并计算了在二层海洋条件下大直径透空双圆柱的水波绕射作用,并分别与均匀海中透空和非透空双柱的相应结果加以比较。计算结果表明,在层化海洋中结构物的透孔性对减弱波浪力有一定影响,密度比变化对内波波浪力影响显著。     

双墩柱波浪渗流力

计算了在线性波或椭圆余弦波作用下双圆墩柱波浪渗流力，讨论了双墩 柱沿波向串列和并列布置时墩柱上渗流力随墩距的变化．计算中在内域采用 有限元方法，在外域使用了本文给出的外场解．进行了双墩柱波浪渗流压力 测量的模型实验．渗流压力的计算结果与实验结果符合较好．     

二层流体中圆弧型贯底式防波堤的绕射波浪力

基于二层流体的水波绕射理论,应用特征函数展开法,推导了圆弧型贯底式防波堤对二层流体中的表面波与内波绕射的波势解,并据此解析计算了作用于防波堤的波浪力和力矩。计算结果表明:二层流体中表面波与内波对防波堤的无量纲最大波浪载荷的影响可以具有相同量级。而波浪入射角度、二层流体密度比、海况条件以及防波堤几何条件等的变化对绕射波浪作用均存在一定的影响,且表面波与内波作用的变化规律存在一定差异。二层流体中表面波作用因内波的干扰而有别于均匀海表面波的对应结果。     

二层流体中透空大直径桩柱的波浪特性分析

 采用典型的海工结构物——大直径垂直圆柱研究层化海洋中波浪对透空结构物的绕射作用。通过分析二层海洋条件下边值的匹配问题,利用特征函数法提出内、外流场流体绕射势解析解,并在二层海况下计算透空圆柱所受水平波浪力及柱内、外的自由波面波浪爬高。计算结果分别与均匀海中透空桩柱和二层海中非透空桩柱的相应结果加以比较,分析得出在层化海洋中结构物的透空性对减弱波浪力和波浪爬高有很大影响。     

斜入射椭圆余弦波对直立防波堤的波浪渗流作用

基于椭圆余弦波的浅水波理论,结合对Biot波浪渗流固结理论的推广应用,给出了固立于可渗透海床上的直立防波堤在浅水波斜入射条件下的反射波问题的数学解,并据此通过特征函数展开法推导了浅水波引起的海床内渗流压力的解析解式,同时计算了作用于防波堤底部的浅水波波浪渗流浮托力和倾覆力矩且与水平波浪力和力矩进行了比较。计算结果表明,在一定条件下,椭圆余弦波的波浪渗流载荷与波浪的直接载荷可能具有相同量级。浅水波入射角、海水和渗流条件以及防波堤几何条件等因素的相对变化对波浪渗流载荷均存在一定的影响,其中对渗流倾覆力矩的影响更为明显。椭圆余弦波理论所给波浪渗流载荷的估值明显高于浅水条件下Airy波理论的对应估值,反映了水波非线性因素的影响效应。     

两层流体中水波与水面漂浮矩形箱的相互作用

研究了两层流体中表面波和内波模态的水波与水面漂浮矩形箱的相互作用问题.基于特征函数匹配理论，提出了在两种模态入射波作用下水面漂浮矩形箱的反射与透射能量，以及作用在其上的波浪力的解析计算方法.研究表明，对两层流体，两种模态水波的能量是可以互相转化的，而且除了表面波模态的波浪力外，还有内波模态的波浪力.基于所建立的求解模型，对矩形箱的反射与透射能量，以及作用在其上的波浪力进行了数值计算分析，表明了在某个频率范围内，流体的分层效应对这些水动力量的影响是不可忽视的.特别是当矩形箱的底部位于两层流体界面上时，两种模态的能量转化量是最大的，而且内波模态波浪力的影响更显著.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~