两种相邻分布的水稻U14 BoxC/D snoRNA

通过对酵母U14BoxC/DsnoRNA保守元件的分析,推测出水稻BoxC/DsnoRNA可能具有的保守序列,进而在水稻第二号染色体上找到可能编码两种BoxC/DsnoRNA的序列.这两个BoxC/DsnoRNA在染色体上相邻分布,具有典型的BoxC和BoxD序列,末端形成茎环结构,这也是BoxC/DsnoRNA一个显著的特点.它们含有一段相同的“引导”序列,此序列能与水稻18S核糖体RNA(rRNA)第414位到第427位互补配对,这两者可能行使相同的功能:介导此配对区域内rRNA的核糖的甲基化.通过实验证明:(1)水稻18S核糖体RNA的配对区域内的确存在甲基化修饰;(2)这两种BoxC/DsnoRNA存在于水稻细胞中.通过序列同源性比较发现与玉米U14snoRNA有很高的同源性.将这两种在水稻中发现的BoxC/DsnoRNA命名为U14.1snoRNA和U14.2snoRNA.编码这两种BoxC/DsnoRNA的基因已被GenBank收录,其编号为AF332622.     

萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)非混交雌体与雄体基因组DNA的RAPD分析

采用RAPD分析技术对萼花臂尾轮虫2种不同性别个体的基因组DNA进行对比分析,探讨萼花臂尾轮虫非混交雌体和雄体性别分化的遗传背景.所用的30条随机引物中,有10条引物在两者基因组中扩增出多态性片段,其中有二者共有条带,也有二者差异条带,显示了萼花臂尾轮虫非混交雌体和雄体遗传背景上的差异.其中引物B15和B18扩增条带具有良好的稳定性和重复性,进一步选取了用此二引物扩增出的雌雄特异性片段各一条进行回收、克隆和测序,测序结果已提交到GenBank数据库,序列号分别为:AY907696和AY898611,同源比较未发现有高同源性的已知序列与之匹配,表明它们可能是2条新的DNA序列.     

利用改良Nest-tetra-primer specific PCR技术对两种石斑鱼的鉴别

云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara)和褐石斑鱼(E.bruneus)为石斑鱼属内近缘种,外形相似常被混淆.本研究改良建立了Nest-tetra-primer specific PCR方法,获得了云纹石斑鱼和褐石斑鱼线粒体DNA ND2基因内的3个特异性条带,分别为内参序列NC1(394 bp)、特异性条带ND2-M(268 bp)和ND2-B(122 bp),以及核基因组中核糖体DNA ITS1区的5个特异性条带,分别为内参序列NC2(588 bp)、NC3(563 bp),特异性条带rDNA-M(426 bp)、ITS1-M(488 bp)和ITS1-B(304 bp).研究结果不仅为两种石斑鱼的鉴别提供了稳定、可靠、快捷的特异性分子标记,而且也为鱼类近缘种的DNA鉴别提供了新的途径.     

亚洲一型口蹄疫病毒YNAs1.1株结构蛋白VP1基因的核苷酸序列分析

提取BHK21细胞增殖的亚洲一型口蹄疫病毒（foot-and-mouth disease virus Serotype Asial)强毒株YNAs1.1的RNA,用一对引物P7,P13经反转录（RT）－PCR法扩增了约674bp的DNA片段。克隆目的基因后,采用双脱氧DNA链末端终止法测得了YNAs1.1的VP1基因36－633核苷酸序列。分析表明,病毒VP1基因的核苷酸序列与以色列以及印度已报道的Asia1型FMDV的同源性分别为82.11%与88.07%,对应的氨基酸序列同源性为87.94％与93.47％。该序列在GeneBank登陆号为AF241566。     

一株野生鹧鸪源冠状病毒主要结构基因进化特性分析

从野生禽类鹧鸪的喉气管拭子中分离到1株冠状病毒，命名为Partridge/GD/S14/2003（简写为S14）.通过RT-PCR扩增、克隆测序获得了该毒株的全基因组序列（AY646283），序列经DNAstar分析发现，S14毒株与肾型毒株JX1-99，TJ2-96 S1基因同源性最高，分别达到94.6%和93.4%，并且该毒株的S1基因还和QXIBV，LX4株也存在高度亲缘性，分别达到85%和84.3%，同时对S14 S1基因BLAST时发现只有上述毒株和S14有高度同源.由此推测该鹧鸪分离株S14的进化可能与IBV肾型和腺胃型病毒存在一定关系.序列分析表明，S14毒株与GenBank中注册序列QXIBV，LX4的S2基因同源性最高分别达到97.2%和90.6%，都处于Ⅱ群.M基因系统进化树研究发现，S14处于Ⅲ群，与SAIB20，GD698同源性最高，分别达到90.6%和90.2%；而与其S1，S2基因同源较高的BJ，QXIBV株，M基因的进化关系却较远.N基因同源性和系统进化树分析发现，Ⅰ群毒株可能为H52和Gray株发生重组的结果，Ⅱ群毒株可能为H120和D1466等毒株重组的结果，而S14株处于Ⅲ群，其N基因与QXIBV高度同源，达到95.7%，Ⅳ群为肾型分离株.而与其M基因亲缘性最近的SAIB20，GD698则分处Ⅰ，Ⅳ进化群.     

大熊猫核糖体蛋白L30亚基基因(RPL30)的cDNA克隆及序列分析

RPL30是核糖体大亚基60S的组成部分,由RPL30基因所编码,主要存在于真核生物中.根据已报道的部分哺乳动物核糖体蛋白L30亚基基因(RPL30)的相关信息设计引物,运用RT-PCR技术,以大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)的肌肉组织为材料,成功地克隆了核糖体蛋白L30亚基RPL30基因,并对其进行了测序及初步分析.结果表明:大熊猫L30亚基基因的表达序列长为388bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为348 bp,编码115个氨基酸的蛋白质,并含有6个功能位点.进一步分析发现,该基因的表达序列及其编码的氨基酸序列与已报道的人、牛、褐家鼠、小家鼠有很高的相似性,其表达序列同源性分别为93.97%,96.26%,89.66%和89.94%,其编码的氨基酸序列同源性分别为99.13%,98.26%,99.13%,99.13%,且其蛋白质的高级结构相似性也很高.     

大熊猫核糖体蛋白S26亚基基因(rps26)的cDNA克隆及序列分析

为了解大熊猫核糖体蛋白亚基rps26基因的结构特点及其与已报道的人和其他哺乳动物核糖体蛋白亚基基因rps26的异同,以大熊猫的肌肉组织为材料,根据已报道的部分哺乳动物核糖体蛋白S26亚基基因(rps26)的相关信息设计引物,运用RT-PCR技术,成功地克隆了核糖体蛋白亚基基因rps26的表达序列,并对其进行了测序及初步分析.结果表明:大熊猫rps26亚基基因的表达序列长为413 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为348 bp,编码115个氨基酸的蛋白质,该蛋白的相对分子质量为13.025 2×103,等电点为11.61.拓扑预测显示该蛋白含有3个功能位点:1个N-糖基化位点,1个酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ蛄姿峄?位点和1个核糖体蛋白S26e signature位点.进一步分析发现,大熊猫rps26基因与已报道的人、西藏黄牛、野猪、褐家鼠和小家鼠5个哺乳动物物种的表达序列其编码的氨基酸序列具有很高的相似性:编码序列同源性分别为90.23%、91.67%、92.82%、87.36%和86.78%;氨基酸序列同源性均为99.86%.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)H52疫苗株S1基因的克隆与序列测定

根据国外已发表的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)S1基因序列。设计了一对引物并以RT-PCR特异性扩增出IBV H52疫苗株的S1基因，基因产物大小为1．62kb，与设计相符，对其进行序列测定后，与其他标准毒株H120，M4l，BEAU株的S1基因进行同源性比较，结果表明，H52株与H120，M41和BEAU株的核苷酸序列的同源性分别为91．1％，96．9％和96．8％，由此可以看出，IBVH52疫苗株与标准毒株在Sl基因上具有高度的同源性。     

利用12S rRNA基因标记鉴定鱼翅真伪

为检测鱼翅样本真伪及鲨鱼种属,通过提取送检鱼翅、鱼翅羹样本DNA,扩增其线粒体DNA上的用于动物种属鉴定的12S rRNA基因片段,并进行DNA测序和序列分析,测序结果在GenBank上进行BLAST搜索,与数据库中相关物种序列进行同源性分析。结果表明,在送检的23份样本中,18份鱼翅羹样本、2份粉丝状鱼翅、1份翅状鱼翅中均未成功提取到DNA,未扩增出目的基因片段,而从2份鱼翅样本中成功地提取到了基因组总DNA,并成功扩增出了12S rRNA基因片段,这2份样本的12S rRNA基因片段的碱基序列分别与黑边鳍真鲨(Carcharhinus limbatus)、斜锯牙鲨(Rhizoprionodon terraenovae)的同源性达到99%。对鉴定出含有鲨鱼成分的2份样本进行高温泡发处理,高温泡发实验表明,1份样本(22号)有明胶析出。研究证实,12SrRNA基因序列测定技术能准确、快速鉴定待检样本中是否含有鲨鱼成分,结合高温泡发时是否有明胶析出可综合判定鱼翅真伪。     

利用改良Nest—tetra—primerspecificPCR技术对两种石斑鱼的鉴别

云纹石斑鱼（Epinephelusmoara）和褐石斑鱼（E．bruneus）为石斑鱼属内近缘种,外形相似常被混淆．本研究改良建立了Nest—tetraprimerspecificPCR方法,获得了云纹石斑鱼和褐石斑鱼线粒体DNAND2基因内的3个特异性条带,分别为内参序列NCl（394bp）、特异性条带ND2-M（268bp）和ND2-B（122bp）,以及核基因组中核糖体DNAITS1区的5个特异性条带,分别为内参序列NC2（588bp）、NC3（563bp）,特异性条带rDNA—M（426bp）、ITS1-M（488bp）和ITS1-B（304bp）．研究结果不仅为两种石斑鱼的鉴别提供了稳定、可靠、快捷的特异性分子标记,而且也为鱼类近缘种的DNA鉴别提供了新的途径．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has