固态二元合金超额热力学函数的计算方法

基于Miedema二元合金生成热模型,结合自由体积理论,充分考虑超额熵,针对实际固态二元合金熔体,提出全浓度范围内的超额热力学函数的计算方法,分别推导出对有序、无序固态二元合金的全摩尔超额函数、偏摩尔超额函数、组元活度计算式·分别计算了固态无序合金AgAu、有序合金CoPt在800K、1273K温度下的各种超额热力学函数值,计算结果与实验值吻合良好·     

ErCl3在DMF中活度系数的测定及热力学性质的研究

应用电导法在293K-313K温度范围内测定了ErCl3在DMF溶剂中的电导率,利用Debye-Hücker和Osager-Falkenhangen公式计算了ErCl3在DMF溶剂中的平均活度系数γ±,讨论了温度和浓度对活度系数的影响其活度系数随溶液浓度的增加而降低,随实验温度的升高而降低.计算了ErCl3在DMF溶剂中的相对偏摩尔自由能(-CB,R)、相对偏摩尔焓(-H B,R)、相对偏摩尔熵(-SB,R),并对其相对偏摩尔性质的某些变化规律作了初步的讨论.     

KBr-H2O、NH4Br-H2O和ZnBr2-H2O作用浓度计算模型

建立了强电解质水溶液KBr-H2O、NH4Br-H2O和ZnBr2-H2O作用浓度的计算模型,计算了上述三个溴化物二元水溶液体系在温度为298.15K、质量摩尔浓度达到饱和前的作用浓度.热力学模型计算的组元作用浓度以纯物质为标准态和摩尔分数为浓度单位,与文献报道的组元活度以无限稀为标准态和质量摩尔浓度为浓度单位经过活度的标准态转换后可良好地吻合,且转换系数在计算的浓度范围内基本守恒.以上热力学模型计算的组元作用浓度能反映出强电解质水溶液的结构本质;在本模型的假设下电解质水溶液呈现理想溶液特征,组元的作用浓度在计算的浓度范围内严格遵守质量作用定律.     

胺化超高交联吸附树脂的制备及其吸附热力学

超高交联树脂上负载不同的胺基,制备了3种不同质量摩尔浓度的胺基修饰的吸附树脂,研究了其对水体系中苯酚和苯胺的静态吸附行为和热力学性质.结果表明:树脂对苯酚和苯胺的吸附量均随着胺基质量摩尔浓度增加而下降,但树脂对苯胺的吸附量下降更大.回归方程的相关因子都大于0.99,表明Langmuir和Freundlich方程均能较好地描述苯酚和苯胺在3种树脂上的吸附行为,对苯酚的吸附是物理吸附和氢键吸附的共同作用,而对苯胺的吸附以物理作用为主.所有Freundli-ch拟合方程的指数均大于1,对苯酚和苯胺的吸附均为优惠吸附.热力学数据表明:吸附均是放热过程,吸附质在树脂表面的吸附是自发过程.吸附嫡变绝对值随树脂中胺基质量摩尔浓度增加而增加,胺基使吸附质与树脂结合更为紧密.     

基于Ti-Nb-Zr三元系合金的相图优化

利用Pandat软件优化和计算了Ti-Nb-Zr三元系相图。采用SGTE(scientific group thermodata Europe)数据库中的表达式描述纯组元的吉布斯能,选取置换溶体模型和双亚点阵模型来描述液相和固溶体相。利用Pandat软件的PanOptimizer模块并结合文献中相平衡和热力学性质的实验数据,重新评估了Ti-Nb和Ti-Zr二元系的热力学参数以改善Ti-Nb-Zr三元系的热力学描述。利用优化得到的热力学参数进行相平衡和热力学性质的计算,计算结果与文献实验结果吻合较好,该结果对Ti-Nb-Zr三元系生物医学材料的开发有重要的指导意义。     

手性离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基-咪唑乳酸盐及其与水二元混合物的体积性质和表面性质

在293.15~343.15 K和常压下对手性离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基-咪唑乳酸盐的密度和表面张力进行了测定,并根据密度和表面张力对其体积性质和表面性质进行了计算;在298.15~318.15 K和常压下,对离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基-咪唑乳酸盐与水二元混合物的密度和表面张力在全摩尔浓度范围内进行了测定。在此基础上,对二元混合体系的过量摩尔体积进行了计算,根据Redlich-Kister方程对其进行了拟合,并对体系的热膨胀系数、偏摩尔体积、过量偏摩尔体积以及离子液体和水的表观摩尔体积进行了讨论,对二元混合物的表面性质进行了计算。     

Si-Ca-Ba三元合金熔体热力学性质的计算

根据Miedema二元合金生成热模型和Toop非对称几何模型,对1 873 K时Si-Ca-Ba三元合金熔体过剩自由能、生成热、过剩熵以及各组元间的活度交互作用系数等热力学性质进行了计算.结果表明,在1 873 K时Si-Ca-Ba合金熔体的过剩自由能、生成热和过剩熵均为负值.在富硅区域和硅含量较少的区域,各热力学性质的变化趋势较大.过剩自由能、生成热和过剩熵的最小值均出现在xSi=55%,xCa=45%,xBa=0成分处.Si-Ca-Ba合金中组元钡的加入,对合金的过剩自由能、生成热和过剩熵影响不大,随钡含量的增加,各热力学性质无显著变化.     

Al-Li系统性质的第一原理计算(英文)

用第一原理方法对铝、锂及铝锂二元系统金属间化合物的稳定和亚稳相的原子体积、弹性性质及形成焓等热力学性质进行了计算,结果表明:计算的平均原子体积略大于实验值,计算的体积模量与已有的实验值符合得比较好,对铝锂系统来说,计算的体积模量随锂的浓度的增加单调下降.对铝锂系统的稳定和亚稳定相的形成焓的计算表明,最稳定相为B32结构的Al-Li金属间化合物.     

CrN弹性和热力学性质的第一性原理研究

本文采用平面波赝势密度泛函理论方法研究了立方相CrN平衡态的结构和弹性性质,计算结果与已有的实验值和理论值符合较好.首次利用准谐德拜模型计算了CrN的热力学性质,得到了不同温度下,CrN的体积随压强的变化关系,以及德拜温度、摩尔热容量、熵和内能随压强及温度的变化关系.     

Be—Cr二元体系热力学优化

在评估现有文献实验相图数据的基础上,采用Calphad技术优化和计算了Be--Cr二元合金体系平衡相图.液相和端际固溶体相采用替换式溶体溶液模型,化学计量比中间化合物CrBe2和CrBe12采用Neumann--Kopp规则描述它们的热力学函数.利用优化所得的热力学参数计算相图,结果能很好地解释大部分实验数据.本工作还采用Miedema模型估算了中间化合物CrBe2和CrBe12的摩尔生成焓,并与热力学计算值比较,所得结果符合良好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has