ICP-AES法测定中药材宣木瓜中21种元素

建立电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定中药材宣木瓜中21种元素含量的方法.采用微波消解处理样品,并考察了不同元素间相互干扰,采用ICP-AES同时测定21种元素.对所测定元素的相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于4%,回收率在98%~102%之间,结果可信度高.该研究所建立的方法具有简便、快速、准确、灵敏度高的优点,可用于质量控制,并为中药材宣木瓜中21种元素含量测定提供了方法,为进一步开发和利用宣木瓜提供了科学依据.     

藏药木藤蓼中20种无机元素质量分数测定

通过测定木藤蓼药材中无机元素的种类和质量分数,比较不同地区木藤蓼药材中无机元素的异同点.采用微波消解法消解木藤蓼药材,采用ICP-OES法测定铝(Al),硼(B),钡(Ba),钙(Ca),铁(Fe),钾(K),锂(Li),镁(Mg),锰(Mn),钼(Mo),钠(Na),磷(P),锶(Sr),钛(Ti),铜(Cu),锌(Zn)等16种元素的质量分数;采用原子荧光光谱法测定汞(Hg)和砷(As)两种元素的质量分数;采用原子吸收光谱法测定铅(Pb)和镉(Cd)两种元素的质量分数;采用聚类分析法分析不同地区木藤蓼中无机元素的差异性.结果表明:药材中20种元素质量分数最高的是K; Li和Mo两种元素在11批药材中均未检出;第9,10批药材中不含B元素.Hg, As, Cu, Pb, Cd等5种重金属元素质量分数测定结果显示,第7批药材Cu质量分数超标,其他批次药材的重金属元素质量分数均符合国家标准.不同批木藤蓼药材中无机元素的种类和质量分数存在差异性,重金属元素的超标可提示用药的安全性.     

X-射线荧光峰值法测定茶叶中无机元素质量分数

采用X-射线荧光光谱法(X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,XRFS)快速无损测定茶叶中Al,P,S,K,Ca,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn和Pb等11种元素的质量分数.传统的能量色散型X-射线荧光光谱仪大多是采用峰面积法建模,但由于不同的元素在出峰位置上往往会出现重叠的现象,因此容易对试验结果造成误差.文中尝试用峰值法进行建模分析,所测11种元素种元素采用PLS+ANN方法建立校正模型,除Ni的预测相关性较差(R=0.6)外,其余10种元素均取得了较佳的预测效果.其中Ca,Zn 2种元素的预测相关系数在0.7以上;P,S,K,Cu,Pb等5种元素的预测相关系数在0.8以上;Al,Mn,Fe等3种元素的预测相关系数均在0.9以上.结果表明采用多元线性峰值法在X-射线荧光光谱快速检测无机元素质量分数中可以达到较好的预测效果.     

隆尧鸡腿葱矿物元素含量分析

为了研究隆尧鸡腿怱的矿物元素含量,以莱芜鸡腿葱作对比,采用火焰原子吸收光谱技术,对两种地理标志产品的鸡腿葱及其对应产地土壤中K、Ca、Na、Mg、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn 8种元素进行了含量对比分析.结果显示,隆尧鸡腿葱中人体必需的矿物质元素含量(Ca、K、Mg等)明显高于莱芜鸡腿葱中的含量.8种矿物质元素的标准曲线均呈良好的线性相关性,相关系数R²>0.997 8,精密度为0.90%~3.61%,回收率为88.86%~105.56%,隆尧鸡腿葱中8种矿物质元素和对应土壤中的矿物质元素呈现显著相关性.隆尧鸡腿葱中Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu等元素含量与其土壤中对应元素含量呈极显著正相关.本研究结果将为隆尧鸡腿葱的种植提供科学根据.     

ICP-OES法测土壤中七种重金属含量

采用全谱直读电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-OES)对锦州某工厂附近土壤中七种金属元素含量进行分析,建立了一种土壤中Cu、Cr、Pb、Mn、Ni、Cd、Zn元素的准确的分析方法.本方法所有元素检出限均满足测试要求;七种元素在测试范围内线形关系良好;相对标准偏差在0.9%~4.2%之间;回收率均在87.8-109.2%之间.对土壤的测试结果发现,离工厂500米的农业用地镉元素含量略高,可能受到工厂的污染,其他元素含量均符合国标中农业用地的土壤标准值.     

紫苏全生长期16种无机元素的分布规律

测定不同生长期紫苏(Perilla frutescens)根、茎、叶部位中16种无机元素的含量变化,分析其分布规律.对紫苏进行人工栽培,分期采收,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)冷焰模式和CCT模式测定紫苏中16种无机元素含量.结果表明,16种元素总体上都随生长天数增加而含量呈下降趋势,有8种元素在紫苏茎中的含量都高于根、叶部位.研究发现紫苏中含有丰富的常量元素如K、Mg、Na、Fe、Al,以及Mn、Zn等人体必需的微量元素;毒害元素As、Cd、Pb的含量均符合中国药典的限度要求.幼苗期各种元素的含量最高,多种元素在茎中含量高于根、叶.     

煤燃烧中重金属释放的化学控制研究

采用形态分离法 ,研究了硫酸钙、氧化钙、铝土矿三种固体吸附剂在煤燃烧过程中对痕量重金属元素Cd,Pb,Co,Cu和 Ni释放的化学控制 .结果表明 ,三种吸附剂对重金属元素具有一定的捕获力 .三种吸附剂对重金属元素的吸附既有物理吸附 ,又有吸附剂与重金属之间的化学反应     

红江橙叶片矿质元素含量的测定及元素分布状态分析

本文采用等离子体火焰发射光谱法测定了红江橙5种叶片中氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铜、锌、铁、锰等9种矿质元素含量,并对其分布状态进行了分析.结果显示,红江橙5种叶片样品呈现的共性是锰含量合适,镁含量亏缺,铜含量过量,铁含量偏高或过量,其余元素状态各异.这种叶片元素呈现的状态可能与地域和树体对元素的富集能力有关.     

基于ICP-MS的高脂血症潜在元素标志物研究

为研究高脂血症模型大鼠毛发中无机元素的含量变化,基于毛发样品筛选高脂血症疾病诊断的潜在元素标志物.采用高脂乳剂灌胃的方式建立高脂血症大鼠模型,取健康对照组与高脂血症模型组大鼠背部毛发进行微波消解,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)建立毛发无机元素表达谱,分析模型组与对照组差异.对毛发中75种无机元素的相对含量进行检测,通过主成分分析(PCA)获得得分图和载荷图,筛选差异元素,并使用SPSS统计软件对差异元素进行独立样本t检验.结果显示,对照组与模型组毛发无机元素表达谱存在一定差异,PCA得分图中两组聚类明显,具有生物学功能的差异元素有Mg、Al、Cr、Cu、Zn等,毛发中上述元素相对含量在模型组中显著升高(P<0.001).基于ICP-MS技术从毛发中发现了高脂血症的潜在元素标志物,为深入研究高脂血症疾病机制及其临床诊断提供了新的研究思路和科学依据.     

虾中重金属含量的分析检测

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry)检测虾中Cu、As、Cd、Cr、Pb这五种重金属元素的含量.初步研究表明用该法测定虾中的重金属元素含量的可行性,可靠性和准确性都比较高.所测定的5种元素,在虾中含量的高低趋势与文献几乎一致.进一步表明该法具有操作简便、快速、准确、灵敏、重复性好等优点.对虾中重金属元素进行分析检测,对建立起安全、科学的食用虾体系有着指导性作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with