K465合金的显微组织和性能研究

研究了铸态、热处理态及含0.02%(质量分数)Mg的K465镍基铸造高温合金的显微组织、力学性能.研究结果表明:铸态K465合金组织主要由γ基体、弥散分布的γ′相、(γ+γ′)共晶和碳化物组成,室温平均抗拉强度960MPa,伸长率6.0%,975℃/230MPa条件下平均持久寿命28.1h;经1210℃/4h+空冷的固溶热处理后,晶界MC碳化物部分转变为M6C碳化物,γ′相颗粒尺寸减小到0.1～0.2μm,合金室温平均抗拉强度1055MPa,伸长率4.0%,975℃/230MPa条件下平均持久寿命为50.3h;加入0.02%(质量分数)Mg后,合金中MC碳化物球化,室温平均抗拉强度990MPa...     

一种铸造镍基高温合金的高温蠕变断裂行为

研究了M963合金在975℃／225MPa条件下蠕变断裂行为。结果表明：M963合金的蠕变曲线表现出明显的蠕变三个阶段；蠕变过程中，γ’相粒子逐渐筏形化，由初始阶段的分布在γ基体中的立方状孤立相转变为蠕变后期的包围γ相的连续相；在枝晶干上有颗粒状M6C碳化物析出；蠕变变形机制从开始阶段的Orowan绕过γ’相粒子转变为蠕变后期的位错切过γ’相粒子。     

添加Al-Ti-B中间合金对ZnAl4合金显微组织及性能的影响

利用OM(光学显微镜)、SEM(扫描电镜)、拉伸测试等方法,研究了Al-Ti-B中间合金对ZnAl_4合金显微组织及力学性能的影响,研究表明:ZnAl_4合金中加入Al-Ti-B能够细化合金显微组织,抑制粗大的β-Zn枝晶析出,扩大共晶组织区域面积,同时析出α-Al相,随着Al-Ti-B合金添加量的增加,实验合金力学性能得到改善,本实验研究中,添加0.48%的Al-Ti-B对改善实验合金力学性能最为有效。     

新型Mg-Li-Al-Mn-Si-Ca合金的显微组织和力学性能

向Mg-Li合金中添加微量元素Al,Mn,Ca和Si,研究了合金的显微组织与力学性能.室温下合金具有良好的加工性能,能够轧制成薄板.通过金相观察可知,添加元素能够细化组织中的α相,并生成颗粒状及细条状物质,通过SEM和EDX分析可知,其为不同添加元素之间形成的化合物.室温下拉伸测试结果表明,合金具有较高的强度和延伸率,随着不同元素的逐步添加,合金强度不断提高,最终σ0.2可以提高17.06%,σb可以提高13.16%,而延伸率有所降低,但仍具有较高值,这是添加元素强化的结果.     

时效工艺对两种钴基高温合金组织和合金元素分布的影响

用不同的时效工艺对两种钴基高温合金进行处理,观察并分析其显微组织的变化,并有针对性地利用X射线衍射（XRD）,电子探针（XED）和透射电镜（TEM）等手段,对其中主要合金元素的分布和存在形式进行测定,结果表明：时效工艺的改变对GWC050合金的组织和合金元素分布的影响不大,而对GWCo20合金的影响很大,特别是在组织组成和碳化物构成方面变化很大。     

铬,硅含量对镍基高温合金组织及耐蚀性的影响

设计开发了四种不同成分的镍基合金，通过扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、能谱分析（ＥＤＳ）和Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）相结合的综合分析手段，研究了Ｃｒ、Ｓｉ含量对试验材料组织和相组成的影响。结果表明，当Ｃｒ、Ｓｉ含量适宜时，合金可实现碳化物、硼化物和硅化物的复合强化，使合金中长二相数量多、分布均匀、硬度高、耐熔盐腐蚀能力强。在８５０℃以下可替代钴基合金，有广阔的应用前景。     

Si和Sb对AZ31合金铸态显微组织和力学性能的影响

运用光学金相（0M）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）结合电子拉伸实验研究了0～1．5wt％Si和0—1．5wt％Sb对AZ31合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：Si能够细化AZ31合金组织,但生成的Mg2Si相极易呈现汉字状形貌,降低合金的力学性能11而Sb的加入,可以改善Mg2Si的形貌,同时细化合金显微组织,有助于合金室温力学性能的提高。当AZ31合金加入0．5wt％Si和1．0wt％Sb后,力学性能达到最佳,在保证合金延伸率不变的情况下,抗拉强度达到185MPa,比AZ31合金提高了23．5％．     

返回次数对一种钴基高温合金组织及冷热疲劳性能的影响

对铸造钴基高温合金K640S进行10次返回处理,研究了母合金和几种不同返回次数返回料的冷热疲劳性能,并进行了金相观察·结果表明:加热到815℃,然后水冷到25℃,保温5min,冷却5s,循环70次时,7返、10返合金首先出现微裂纹·随着循环次数的增加,返回料比新料疲劳裂纹生长快·循环200次时,无论新料还是返回料裂纹长度都达到2mm·随着返回次数的增加,合金中气体及夹杂物质量分数随之增加,枝晶组织越来越发达·     

一种铸造镍基高温合金的显微组织和冲击性能

通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜研究了试验K4648合金的显微组织及其冲击断口形貌,并分析了试验合金冲击吸收功偏低的原因.结果表明:试验K4648合金试棒经过1180℃×4 h空冷+900℃×16 h空冷热处理后,显微组织由γ基体和在γ基体上析出的捆编织针状α-Cr相和细小颗粒状M23 C6型碳化物以及分布在晶界和枝晶间的初生...     

浇注温度对GH625 合金铸态显微组织的影响

基于Thermo-Calc热力学模拟软件、扫描电镜和能谱仪等实验手段,研究GH625合金铸态试样棒的显微组织,并对比讨论浇注温度对其显微组织的影响规律. GH625合金的铸态显微组织为发达的树枝晶,枝晶间可见δ相与M6C型碳化物伴生析出. 一次枝晶臂间距λ1 和二次枝晶臂间距λ2 均随着浇注温度的升高而增大,而枝晶偏析程度则同时受扩散时间和扩散距离两方面因素的共同作用,综合相互作用导致1420℃浇注试样里Nb元素高度偏析,为枝晶间δ相的大量析出提供有利的浓度条件. 因此,在制定浇注工艺时,需要综合考虑扩散时间和扩散距离的影响程度,选取合适的浇注温度(或者冷却速率).     

Effect of carbon addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of a typical hard-to-deform Ni-base superalloy

In this paper, the as-cast microstructure, microsegregation, and mechanical properties of GH4151 superalloys with a carbon addition were studied by scanner electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscope(TEM), electron probe microanalysis(EPMA), differential thermal analyzer(DSC), and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD). The results show that the solid solution effect of carbon in alloys is limited, the addition of C from 0.01 to 0.08 wt% significantly refines the secondary dendr...     

Effect of Mo content on microstructure and stress-rupture properties of a Ni-base single crystal superalloy

The additional 1.5 wt% Mo was added in a Ni-base single crystal(SC) alloy with the composition of Ni–6.5Al–8.0Mo–2.4Cr–6.2Ta–4.9Co–1.5Re–(0.01–0.05)Y(wt%) to study the effect of Mo content on the microstructure and stress-rupture properties. The creep and stress-rupture tests under the conditions of 850 °C/500 MPa and 1100 °C/130 MPa were conducted, and the microstructure of as-cast, heat treated and stress ruptured specimens were analyzed. It was found that the 1.5 wt% Mo addition enhanced the stress-rupture lives at both intermediate(850 °C) and high(1100 °C)temperatures. The microstructure analysis showed that adding 1.5 wt% Mo in the basic alloy affected the microstructure dramatically, i.e., the Mo-rich phases formed in the specimens of as-cast and stress-ruptured specimens. It is considered that the improvement of the stress-rupture lives is duo to the strengthening effect of Mo to both γ and γ'phases and the decrease of stacking fault energy, diffusion constant and dislocation spacing. The Mo-rich phases precipitated under condition of 1100 °C/130 MPa did not affect the creep and stress-rupture properties obviously in the present study.     

Coupling effects of tungsten and molybdenum on microstructure and stressrupture properties of a nickel-base cast superalloy

In order to comprehensively understand the forming mechanism of abnormal phases solidified in a nickel-base cast superalloy with additives of tungsten and molybdenum, the coupling effects of W and Mo on the microstructure and stress-rupture properties were investigated in this paper. The results indicated that the precipitation of primary α-(W, Mo) phase depended tremendously on the amount of W and Mo addition. When the total amount of W and Mo was greater than 5.79 at%, α-(W, Mo) phase became easily precipitated in the alloy.With increasing of Mo/W ratio, the dendrite-like α-(W, Mo) phases were apt to convert into small bars or blockylike phases at the vicinities of γ′/γ eutectic. The morphological changes of α-(W, Mo) phase can be interpreted as the non-equilibrium solidification of W and Mo in the alloy. Since the large sized α-(W, Mo) phase has detrimental effects on stress-rupture properties in as-cast conditions, secondary cracks may mainly initiate at and then propagate along the interfaces of brittle phases and soft matrix. During exposing at 1100 ℃ for 1000 h, the α-(W, Mo) phases transformed gradually into bigger and harder M_6C carbide, which results in decreasing of stress-rupture properties of the alloy. Finally, the alloy with an addition of 14W-1Mo(wt%) maintained the longest stress lives at high temperatures and therefore it revealed the best microstructure stability after 1100 ℃/1000 h thermal exposure.     

Y对Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr铸造镁合金组织和性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和X线衍射仪等分析研究Y对Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr铸造镁合金组织和性能的影响,并测试其室温力学性能.研究结果表明:Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-xY(x=0,0.6％,1.2％,1.8％,质量分数)合金铸态组织主要由α-Mg和Mg12(NdaZn1-a)相组成,Y元素主要固溶在α-Mg和Mg12(NdaZn1-a)相中;合金经530℃/14h固溶处理后组织由α-Mg、残余的少量Mg12(NdaZn1-a)相以及方块状Mg24RE5相组成;固溶态合金经200℃/12h时效处理后有大量尺寸为10nm左右的β'和β”析出相生成,能有效地强化基体;随Y质量分数增加,合金室温抗拉强度和屈服强度逐渐上升,最高分别达到271 MPa和161 MPa,较基础Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr合金有较大幅度提高.     

Effect of phosphorus on the microstructure and mechanical properties of strip cast carbon steel

Carbon steel strips with different phosphorus and carbon contents were produced by using the twin roll strip casting process. Fine grains and dendrite structure were observed in high-P steels. Negative phosphorus segregation was found in strip cast high-P and high-C steels. For the steels with different carbon contents, phosphorus distribution in the thickness direction of the strip is obviously different. This is because solutes are redistributed in the melting pool and the phosphorus segregation rate is associated with the length of the mushy zone and the phosphorus solubility in different phases. Phosphorus as a solute in ferrite can lead to the higher hardness and strength with lower plastic propertyies.     

钼对金属型铸造高铬铸铁组织与性能的影响

分别用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X-ray衍射仪和微机控制电液伺服万能试验机等研究了钼含量的变化对高铬铸铁中碳化物的形态和分布以及力学性能的影响。结果表明:适量的钼可以细化组织和改变碳化物形貌及分布,碳化物由长条状转变为球状,对基体的割裂程度减小明显。在高铬铸铁中加入合金元素钼可在不牺牲其韧性的情况下有效地提高其硬度及耐磨性,其中一部分钼固溶于奥氏体中提高了高铬铸铁淬透性,一部分与碳形成新的化合物Mo2C,从而提高了高铬铸铁的耐磨性。当钼的总加入量为0.9%时,高铬铸铁的综合力学性能达到最佳。     

镍基高温合金的脱氮与脱硫

研究了采用CaO坩埚真空感应熔炼镍基高温合金过程中脱氮与脱硫行为。发现只用CaO坩埚并不脱硫 ;根据坩埚壁成分分析数据 ,讨论了CaO坩埚脱硫机理 ;加A1对脱氮有利 ,对脱硫具有重要的作用 ,加Ti则对脱氮有明显不利影响 ;计算了不同真空度及加A1和Ti条件下Ni- 6Cr- 5Co - 2Mo- 6W合金在 1 60 0℃时氮的溶解度 ;提高熔炼真空度是促进脱氮的有力措施。     

Mn含量对铸造高铌TiAl合金组织和性能的影响

选择两种Mn含量不同的高铌TiAl合金Ti46Al8Nb2Mn0.2B和Ti46Al8Nb1.3Mn0.2B,通过热等静压(HIP)及后续热处理,结合组织和力学性能的分析,研究了Mn含量对高铌TiAl合金的组织和性能的影响.XRD和SEM背散射电子实验结果表明:Mn含量较高的Ti46Al8Nb2Mn0.2B合金,经热等静压及循环热处理,得到的双态组织较粗大,并且有少量脆性β相存在;Mn含量较低的Ti46Al8Nb1.3Mn0.2B合金,经热等静压后直接在双相区长时间保温处理,得到了细小的双态组织,并且完全消除了β相.室温拉伸实验表明,Mn含量的降低提高了Ti46Al8Nb1.3Mn0.2B合金的力学性能,其延伸率、屈服强度和断裂强度分别达到2.4%、548MPa和660MPa.断口形貌分析表明,室温下两种合金都属于解理断裂.     

High temperature tensile properties and fracture behavior of cast nickel-base K445 superalloy

The tensile properties and fracture behavior of a cast nickel-base superalloy K445 in the temperature range of 25-1 000℃were investigated.The microstructure and fracture surfaces of the alloy were investigated by OM,SEM and TEM.The results revealed that an anomalous yield strength phenomenon exists in the alloy at medium high temperature.The yield strength decreases gradually with the increase of temperature,reaches the minimum value at 650℃,and then increases again to obtain 940 MPa,which is almost the ...     

FGH95镍基合金组织结构对持久性能的影响

通过对不同温度热等静压FGH95合金进行完全热处理、组织形貌观察、XRD谱线分析及持久性能测试,研究FGH95合金组织结构对持久性能的影响。结果表明:随着HIP温度升高,分布在原始颗粒边界处的粗大γ′相数量和尺寸逐渐减小,当HIP温度提高至1 180℃,晶粒明显长大。热等静压合金经完全热处理后,粒状碳化物沿晶界和晶内不连续分布,且细小γ′相在基体中弥散析出。经X线衍射分析,随热等静压温度升高,γ和γ′两相晶格常数略有增加,但错配度逐渐减小;在650℃,1 034 MPa条件下,由于1 120℃HIP合金完全热处理后具有较高的晶格错配度,致使合金具有较长持久寿命;合金在蠕变期间的变形特征是位错滑移,位错绕过或剪切γ′相。