Antimutagenic unusual amino acids from plants

Summary Five unusual amino acids were identified as antimutagens against spontaneous mutation ofSalmonella typhimurium TA100: L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (1) from Liliaceae plants, -(methylenecyclopropyl)glycine (2) fromLitchi chinensis seeds, and 2-amino-4-methylhex-5-ynoic acid (3), hypoglycin A (4), and (2S, 4R)-2-amino-4-hydroxyhept-6-ynoic acid (5) fromEuphoria longana seeds. The absolute stereochemistry of5 was determined by its chiral synthesis from L-allylglycine, proving that5 is the C-4 epimer of the amino acid previously isolated from dried longan seeds.This work was partly supported by a Grant-in-Aid form the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture, Japan, No. 57740283 (to HK).     

Interaction ofRhizobium loti strain and host on the biosynthesis of unusual amino acids in leguminous plants

Summary The effect of differentRhizobium loti strains on the biosynthesis of 2,3-diamino-butanoic acid and 2,4-diamino-3-methyl-butanoic acid in root nodules ofLotus tenuis, Anthyllis vulneraria andLupinus densiflorus has been investigated. Results suggest that biosynthesis isRhizobium strain dependent, that the bacteroid is the site of synthesis of the compounds and that their biosynthesis is confined to the symbiosis.     

Conformations of amino acids calculated from molecular orbital theory

Zusammenfassung Die Konformation einiger natürlicher Aminosäuren wird auf Grund einer erweiterten Hückel-Molekular-Orbital-Theorie berechnet.

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Recipient of a Public Health Service Research Career Development Award No. AM1159.     

Free amino acids inLimnaea III

Résumé L'auteur a constaté que les acides aminés libres chez les gastéropodes du genreLimnaea, immédiatement après l'éclosion, sont les mêmes que chez les adultes. Il a essayé aussi d'identifier chez des sujets adultes les quatre acides-aminés libres les plus caractéristiques. Deux d'entr'eux sont probablement l'acide glutamique et la sérine.     

Free amino acids inLimnaea II

Résumé De nouvelles recherches ont amené les auteurs à constater l'existence de seulement 2 ou 3 acides aminés dans les ufs de la Limnée (Gastéropode), un jour avant l'éclosion. Ces acides sont très semblables à ceux que l'on trouve chez les jeunes escargots. Dans les produits hydrolytiques des protéines de l'escargot adulte, on constate la présence de 9 acides aminés.     

Photochemical synthesis of amino acids from paraformaldehyde catalysed by inorganic agents

Riassunto Viene confermato che la sintesi fotochimica degli aminoacidi da paraformaldeide catalizzata da composti inorganici avviene sia in presenza sia in assenza di una sorgente inorganica di azoto fissato (aria). Inoltre viene dimostrato che i tipi di aminoacidi prodotti come la velocità di formazione dipendono dal catalizzatore usato.

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Supported in part by the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, under Grant AF EOAR No. 63–116, through the European Office of Aerospace Research, United States Air Force.     

Concerning amino acids in human saliva

Résumé Dans les travaux de divers laboratoires on peut lire que l'acide-amino-butyrique (GABA) existe dans la salive humaine. Nos récents examens chromatographiques ont mis en évidence que cet acide avait été identifié par erreur et qu'il représente en fait l'acide-amino-valérique (DAVA), un constituant de la salive provenant de l'action bacterienne.     

Polypeptides and Leuches' anhydrides from carbamic acid derivatives of C-activated amino acids

Zusammenfassung Durch katalytische Hydrierung von C-aktivierten Carbobenzoxyaminosäurederivaten, z. B. von gemischten Anhydriden und aktivierten Estern, werden via die Carbaminsäurederivate die entsprechenden Leuchsschen Anhydride und Polypeptide erhalten.

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This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service (G.M. 06579 and G.M. 08795).     

A comparison of methods for the extraction of amino acids from fungal mycelium

Résumé En comparant plusieurs techniques pour extraire l'amino-acide libre de la mycose fongique on a observé de grandes différences entre elles. L'eau bouillante et la méthyléthylcétone HCl se sont montrés les solvents les plus efficaces et donnant chromatogrammes les plus clairs.     

Biosynthesis of deuteriated amino acids byCandida lipolytica

Summary Biosynthesis of a whole series of deuteriated amino acids has been carried out, by cultivation of the yeastCandida lipolytica in an artificial medium composed of a deuterio-alkane, heavy water, water and some mineral salts.Acknowledgments. This work has been carried out with the aid of grants from The Swedish Medical Research Council. Thanks are due to Mr Nils Engström for his skilful technical assistance during the yeast growth, and to Mrs Monica Olsson for the Moore-Stein analysis.     

Table of replaceable amino acids in proteins

Zusammenfassung Auf Grund vorausgegangener Experimente, besonders über degenerierte Triplettcodons, wird ein Verfahren entwickelt, aus dem sich die Austauschmöglichkeiten von Aminosäuren in Eiweißstoffe ergeben, dann nämlich, wenn im Codon nur je eine Base des Tripletts ersetzt wird.     

Syntheses of amino acids from unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid by contact glow discharge electrolysis

Summary Hydroxy amino acids are synthesized from unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid using aqueous ammonia under conditions of contact glow discharge electrolysis.This work was supported partly by a grant from the Ministry of Education.