新型压电复合材料OPCM传感性能试验研究

传统的压电传感器不具有压电正交异性，因此不适合用于检测构件特定方向应力和应变．将压电陶瓷材料相与环氧树脂基材料相复合，构造出具有压电正交异性的新型压电复合材料，并对其传感性能进行标测．试验研究结果表明这种新型压电复合材料不但具有灵敏度高、线性度好和性能稳定等优点，可用作传感元件和驱动元件；而且还具有非常明显的正交各向异性，更适合于测定构件任一方向的应力和应变．     

铝-金属玻璃-铝复合板的抗破甲性能研究

利用爆炸焊接技术成功制备出铝-金属玻璃-铝三层复合板, 并对其抗破甲性能进行了试验及数值分析。针对复合板的尺寸较小的特点, 建立了适用于小试件( 特征尺寸小于 50 mm) 的破甲实验方案;基于动力学软件ANSYS/ LS-DYNA 提出了一套对破甲过程进行数值模拟的计算方案。研究结果表明, 破甲试验装置产生的聚能射流直径较小、稳定性良好, 铝-金属玻璃-铝三层复合板在聚能射流作用下其上表面呈大范围的花瓣形破坏, 中间层的金属玻璃材料呈粉末状破碎, 对后续的射流过程起到了干扰的作用; 计算方案可有效地模拟聚能射流的形成及其对铝-金属玻璃-铝三层复合板的侵彻; 数值模拟得到的破甲深度、稳定阶段侵彻通道的直径、材料的破坏模式与实验结果相符。     

TiAl合金及其复合材料的研究进展与发展趋势

TiAl基复合材料具有低密度、高强度、优异的抗氧化性和抗蠕变性等特点,尤其是高温下的优异性能使其成为汽车、航空等领域最具有潜力的材料。但同时也存在较低的断裂韧性、低室温塑性等缺陷,限制其广泛应用。本文对TiAl材料的分类、应用以及性能缺陷等关键问题进行综述,重点介绍了合金化、表面处理、合成复合材料等技术对其组织性能的影响;其次,简要概述TiAl基复合材料的研究进展及应用领域,并指出TiAl基自润滑材料将成为未来研究的热点之一。     

MgAlON-Al2O3复合材料的抗渣性能

采用坩埚法研究MgAlON-Al2O3系复合材料的抗渣性能，分析了复合材料的高温稳定性能和材料受渣侵蚀后的显微结构变化。研究结果表明，MgAlON的抗渣性能优于刚玉和刚玉-MgAlON系复合材料；同时在Mg-AlON-Al2O3系复合材料中，随着MgAlON含量增加，复合材料抗渣性能增加。     

关于陶瓷材料的脆性问题

陶瓷材料众多优点是其他材料所不能比拟的,但是它的致命弱点是它的脆性,陶瓷材料的脆性在很大程度上影响了材料性能的可靠性和一致性,研究陶瓷材料的脆性问题,并提出改善它的有效途径就成为陶瓷材料研究工作者所特别关心的,半个世纪的研究,从陶瓷材料脆性的基础认识研究到有效改善途径的实施,首先是材料中弱界面的建立,诸如纤维补强陶瓷基复合材料、复相陶瓷材料、自增韧陶瓷材料、叠层复合材料、陶瓷材料的晶界应力设计,还有氧化锆增韧陶瓷材料、功能梯度材料、纳米陶瓷材料等都是行之有效的,在此基础上又提出多相材料,同时也研究了多种途径强化与增韧的协同效应。总之,陶瓷材料的脆性问题是可以采用不同的途径在很大程度上使之改善的,但是否可以解决陶瓷材料的脆性问题,尚不能作定论。材料的研究方向向多功能发展,这是材料发展的总趋势。     

陶瓷基复合材料微观应力分析与调控

初步分析了陶瓷基复合材料内部的微观应力及其影响因素，并结合具体的陶瓷颗粒复合材料，阐明微观应力对材料力学性能的重要作用，并提出了通过调控材料内部的微观应力以改善材料力学性能。     

金属磁性颗粒构成的左手化复合材料

研究了具有色散现象的金属磁性颗粒无规地浸没在无色散基质中的复合材料有效折射率．考虑金属磁性颗粒的大小与入射波波长比较小得多时，采用有效介质近似的方法研究了金属磁性颗粒的体积分数变化，可实现系统由右手化复合材料向左手化复合材料的转变；通过理论分析和数值计算发现，对具有色散现象的金属磁性颗粒浸没在非色散现象基质中的复合材料，随着金属磁性颗粒体积分数的变化，其复合材料将由右手征材料向左手征材料渡越；且表征左手征材料的有效负折射系数n。实部的绝对值将随金属磁性颗粒体积分数f的增加而缓慢减小，左手征特性材料的频带将逐渐窄化。     

BaTiO3基抗还原陶瓷材料的研究

研究了ＢａＴｉＯ３基抗还原陶瓷材料的结构和介电性质,讨论了ＺｒＯ２、ＭｎＯ和ＢＴ系中摩尔比ｍ对瓷料抗还原性能和介电性能的影响。通过调整上述参量加入适量的添加剂,获得了在氮气中烧成并符合Ｆ组性能要求的ＢａＴｉＯ３基抗还原陶瓷材料。     

泡沫铝基高分子复合材料制备及其性能

为了提高泡沫铝基高分子复合材料的机械性能，通过向泡沫铝孔洞中浸渗入高分子材料的方法制备了四种泡沫铝基复合材料，并对其压缩、抗冲击和阻尼等性能进行了实验研究。实验结果与所预测的结果相一致，即制备的泡沫铝基高分子复合材料的如上三性能均较其复合相得以提高．研究结果既寻求到一种制备功能结构一体化材料的新途径，又有助于促进泡沫铝应用范围的扩展。     

烧结Fe基-TiC_p复合材料研究

分析了Ｆｅ基与ＴｉＣ直接反应制备ＦｅＴｉＣｐ复合材料的工艺及复合强化机制，初步优化了工艺参数。结果表明，一定的ＴｉＣｐ含量有其对应的最佳烧结温度；而烧结保温时间对材料的性能无显著影响。淬火处理后能显著提高Ｆｅ基ＴｉＣｐ复合材料的硬度及耐磨性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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