鼠白细胞介素15真核表达质粒的构建及活性鉴定

从经PMA刺激的小鼠脾细胞中提取总RNA, 采用RT-PCR技术获得鼠白细胞介素15(mIL-15)基因, 将其克隆至真核表达质粒VR1012中, 转染COS-7细胞, 将转染细胞裂解, Western blot检测. 表明获得了mIL-15真核表达载体, 其具有完整的带有信号肽的mIL-15序列, 重组结果正确, Western blot检测阳性. 并获得有生物活性的mIL-15蛋白.     

斜纹夜蛾SlSCP-2真核表达载体的构建及对胆固醇的吸收

构建pcDNA5/FRT-SlSCP-2和阳性对照pcDNA5/FRT-GFP真核表达载体,将斜纹夜蛾固醇转运蛋白SlSCP-2和绿色荧光蛋白GFP分别整合进入Flp-In~(TM)CHO细胞基因组中的FRT位点上,利用western blotting方法和荧光倒置显微镜观察鉴定SlSCP-2和GFP蛋白在CHO细胞的表达情况.结果表明,重组质粒瞬时转染CHO细胞24h后,pcDNA5/FRT-SlSCP-2和pcDNA5/FRT-GFP均能正确表达目的蛋白,SlSCP-2能够增加细胞对胆固醇的吸收.同时确定了筛选稳定转染细胞株合适的潮霉素浓度.     

小鼠CD47-Fc融合蛋白表达载体构建、表达纯化及其生物学活性研究

构建CD47重组蛋白真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)-CD47-Fc.在真核细胞293T中成功表达重组蛋白,经亲和层析获得较高纯度重组蛋白CD47-Fc.通过免疫荧光染色、流式细胞技术和细胞黏附实验测定重组蛋白CD47-Fc的生物学活性,结果显示制备的CD47-Fc蛋白可与腹腔巨噬细胞表面的SIRPα很好地相互作用,制备的CD47-Fc具有较高的生物学活性.     

表达HIV-1复合多表位基因的p815细胞稳定株的建立和评价

建立稳定表达HIV-1p24MEG复合多表位基因的p815细胞克隆.设计引物,以HIV-1标准株全长cDNA序列为模板,PCR扩增获得p24基因片段;合成改造后的多个表位基因MEG并且与p24片段相连接,克隆入pcDNA3.1(+).在阳离子聚合物作用下重组真核质粒转染的p815(H-2d)细胞, 以G418压力筛选,RT-PCR检测mRNA表达,间接免疫荧光检测蛋白表达.通过PCR获得了HIV-1 p24片段,获得了与多表位基因连接后的p24MEG融合基因,成功构建了p24MEG基因的重组真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)/p24MEG.转染p815细胞后, RT-PCR检测到融合蛋白mRNA表达,间接免疫荧光显示 p815细胞内有融合蛋白的表达.结论:建立了稳定表达HIV-1p24MEG融合蛋白的p815细胞克隆,为评价多表位抗原p24MEG在BALB/c小鼠体内诱导的细胞免疫应答奠定基础.     

Construction of Eukaryotic Expression Vector of Human PSF and Identification of its Expression in CHO Cell Line

目的是构建人PSF基因真核表达载体pEGFP-N1-PSF,并在检测其在CHO细胞株中的表达情况.应用DNA重组技术和PCR方法从人宫颈癌Hela细胞中扩增PSF基因,插入pEGFPNL真核表达载体,构建重组质粒pEGFP-N1-PSF并测序鉴定.将pEGFP-N1-PSF瞬时转染CHO细胞,通过Western blot和RT-PCR方法检测PSF的表达,荧光显微镜下观察绿色荧光蛋白表达.结果CHO细胞转染pEGFP-N1-PSF真核表达载体后,RT-PCR和Western blot实验发现,在RNA和蛋白水平有PSF的表达,在荧光显微镜下可以观察到融合蛋白EGFP/PSF的表达.成功构建pEGFP-N1-PSF真核表达载体,证实其在CHO细胞中可以表达.     

GLP-1-Fc融合蛋白在DG44细胞中的表达及其质量分析

构建GLP-1-Fc蛋白真核表达载体,并在DG44细胞株中实现表达。利用基因工程等方法构建表达GLP-1-Fc融合蛋白的重组DG44细胞株,通过甲氨喋呤的加压筛选及有限稀释法挑选出表达量较高的单克隆细胞株,经无血清驯化培养获得悬浮生长的细胞株。收集发酵培养上清,通过离心、过滤及亲和层析等方法对目的蛋白GLP-1-Fc进行分离纯化,并利用Dot blot、十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、高效液相色谱法、Edman降解等方法进行目的蛋白的质量分析,以建立GLP-1-Fc融合蛋白发酵、纯化工艺,探索该融合蛋白的质量检测方法。本实验成功构建了表达GLP-1-Fc融合蛋白的重组DG44悬浮型细胞株,通过该工艺流程,GLP-1-Fc融合蛋白表达量达到400 mg/L,纯度达95%,分子量约为3.0×10~4。该生产工艺能够获得与理论目标蛋白相一致的、且结构稳定GLP-1-Fc融合蛋白,其质量检测方法稳定可靠。     

人白细胞介素32的真核表达、纯化及生物学活性鉴定

摘要:目的：构建人白细胞介素32（IL-32）和IgG4基因Fc段的融合基因真核表达载体IL-32-IgG4(Fc)-pOptiVEC,建立稳定转染的中国仓鼠卵巢细胞（CHO/DG44）克隆,并检测重组蛋白的表达及相应的生物学功能.方法：采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)从LPS激活的人CD4+T细胞cDNA中扩增出IL-32基因,并克隆到构建IL-32融合基因的真核表达载体 IL-32-IgG4(Fc)-pOptiVEC.经脂质体法转染CHO/DG44 细胞, 通过RT-PCR检测,筛选出实验组细胞,并对筛选的阳性克隆细胞再进行氨甲喋呤（MTX）加压筛选,利用ProteinG-Agarose亲和纯化培养上清中表达的融合蛋白,并通过SDS-PAGE、免疫印迹鉴定检测目的蛋白的表达,最后以 HeLa细胞为靶细胞测定重组蛋白的生物学活性.结果：构建了一个IL-32融合基因真核表达载体IL-32-IgG4(Fc)-pOptiVEC;筛选出了能稳定表达IL-32-IgG4(Fc) 融合蛋白的CHO/DG44细胞克隆; 亲和纯化后的IL-32-IgG4(Fc)融合蛋白在SDS-PAGE电泳后与预期分子质量大小相符,能够与羊抗人IgG-HRP 抗体特异结合,并能促进HeLa细胞的死亡.结论：成功构建了人IL-32融合基因真核表达载体IL-32-IgG4(Fc)-pOptiVEC,获得了能够表达具有生物学活性的IL-32-IgG4(Fc) 融合蛋白的CHO/DG44细胞克隆.     

野生型人DNA polβ高表达中国仓鼠卵巢细胞系的建立及其生物学特征

脂质体转染法将野生型人DNA聚合酶beta(polβ)重组绿色荧光蛋白表达载体转染入中国仓鼠卵巢细胞系(CHO),经G418筛选得到稳定高表达人野生型polβ的CHO细胞.通过RT-PCR方法检测转染细胞polβmRNA的表达水平,流式细胞仪测细胞周期,软琼脂实验测细胞恶性增殖能力,6-TG实验测细胞自发突变率,以探讨转染细胞的生物学特性.结果显示,转染细胞polβ的mRNA的表达较空载体转染细胞、对照细胞增加,细胞周期多被阻滞在S期,细胞软琼脂集落形成率增高,自发突变率增加,表明polβ的过表达与细胞周期的分布、细胞恶性增殖程度、遗传稳定性相关.     

人凝血Ⅸ因子乳腺特异性表达载体在离体细胞和小鼠乳腺组织中表达的初步研究

以小鼠MAR（matrixattachmentregion）元件,牛β－酪蛋白（β－casein）基因5＇端2．0kb调控顺序,人凝血Ⅸ因子小基因（hFIXminigene）构建乳腺组织特异性表达载体,表达载体和质粒pSV－neo共转染中国仓鼠卵巢细胞（CHO）,兔皮肤纤维细胞（RSF）和人胚肾上皮细胞（293细胞）．发现hFIX基因在CHO细胞中获得低水平表达,最高表达量为7．2ng／ml．在皮肤成纤维细胞中的表达量低于2ng／ml．在293细胞中没有表达．表达载体用stearylamine（SA）脂质体包埋后尾静脉注射哺乳期小鼠,hFIX蛋白在小鼠乳汁中表达水平高达87．34ng／ml．     

人PSF真核表达载体构建及其在CHO细胞中的表达

目的是构建人PSF基因真核表达载体pEGFP-N1-PSF,并在检测其在CHO细胞株中的表达情况。应用DNA重组技术和PCR方法从人宫颈癌Hela细胞中扩增PSF基因,插入pEGFP-N1真核表达载体,构建重组质粒pEGFP-N1-PSF并测序鉴定。将pEGFP-N1-PSF瞬时转染CHO细胞,通过Western blot和RT-PCR方法检测PSF的表达,荧光显微镜下观察绿色荧光蛋白表达。结果 CHO细胞转染pEGFP-N1-PSF真核表达载体后,RT-PCR和Western blot实验发现,在RNA和蛋白水平有PSF的表达,在荧光显微镜下可以观察到融合蛋白EGFP/PSF的表达。成功构建pEGFP-N1-PSF真核表达载体,证实其在CHO细胞中可以表达。     

抗癌胚抗原纳米抗体与人Fc融合蛋白在毕赤酵母和HEK293细胞中的表达、纯化和性质比较

通过对不同系统表达的肿瘤标记物癌胚抗原(CEA)纳米抗体与人Fc融合蛋白(11C12-Fc)的表达、纯化及抗体性质等的比较分析,比较不同表达系统的特点及其对融合抗体性质的影响;从而为CEA融合纳米抗体在体内检测方面的应用提供理论依据。构建两种11C12-Fc表达系统(Pichia pastoris和HEK293)相应的表达载体和菌株,分别进行诱导表达、分离纯化;并对其纯化产物的生物学活性等进行初步研究。成功构建了毕赤酵母、HEK293细胞两种CEA纳米抗体融合蛋白(11C12-Fc)表达系统并实现11C12-Fc的胞外分泌表达;通过protein A柱及阴离子交换层析纯化,获得了较高纯度和浓度的11C12-Fc样品;通过突变糖基化位点的方式有效去除了毕赤酵母表达11C12的过度糖基化作用;并且其抗体亲和力较突变前未发生明显改变,与HEK293细胞表达的11C12-Fc都表现出较高的亲和力。毕赤酵母和HEK293系统均能够表达具有较高生物活性的11C12-Fc,后续的科研或生产可根据实际需要和条件来合理选择表达系统。为后续的纳米抗体融合蛋白规模化生产、体内诊断与靶向治疗的应用提供了理论和技术参考。     

T-cell co-stimulation through B7RP-1 and ICOS

T-cell activation requires co-stimulation through receptors such as CD28 and antigen-specific signalling through the T-cell antigen receptor. Here we describe a new murine costimulatory receptor-ligand pair. The receptor, which is related to CD28 and is the homologue of the human protein ICOS, is expressed on activated T cells and resting memory T cells. The ligand, which has homology to B7 molecules and is called B7-related protein-1 (B7RP-1), is expressed on B cells and macrophages. ICOS and B7RP-I do not interact with proteins in the CD28-B7 pathway, and B7RP-1 co-stimulates T cells in vitro independently of CD28. Transgenic mice expressing a B7RP-1-Fc fusion protein show lymphoid hyperplasia in the spleen, lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. Presensitized mice treated with B7RP-1-Fc during antigen challenge show enhanced hypersensitivity. Therefore, B7RP-1 exhibits co-stimulatory activities in vitro and in vivo. ICOS and B7RP-1 define a new and distinct receptor-ligand pair that is structurally related to CD28-B7 and is involved in the adaptive immune response.     

Development of Th1-type immune responses requires the type I cytokine receptor TCCR

On antigen challenge, T-helper cells differentiate into two functionally distinct subsets, Th1 and Th2, characterized by the different effector cytokines that they secrete. Th1 cells produce interleukin (IL)-2, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and lymphotoxin-beta, which mediate pro-inflammatory functions critical for the development of cell-mediated immune responses, whereas Th2 cells secrete cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 that enhance humoral immunity. This process of T-helper cell differentiation is tightly regulated by cytokines. Here we report a new member of the type I cytokine receptor family, designated T-cell cytokine receptor (TCCR). When challenged in vivo with protein antigen, TCCR-deficient mice had impaired Th1 response as measured by IFN-gamma production. TCCR-deficient mice also had increased susceptibility to infection with an intracellular pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes. In addition, levels of antigen-specific immunoglobulin-gamma2a, which are dependent on Th1 cells, were markedly reduced in these mice. Our results demonstrate the existence of a new cytokine receptor involved in regulating the adaptive immune response and critical to the generation of a Th1 response.     

Exocytotic fusion is activated by Rab3a peptides.

Studies of intracellular traffic in yeast and mammalian systems have implicated members of the Rab family of small GTP-binding proteins as regulators of membrane fusion. We have used the patch clamp technique to measure exocytotic fusion events directly and investigate the role of GTP-binding proteins in regulating exocytosis in mast cells. Intracellular perfusion of mast cells with GTP-gamma S is sufficient to trigger complete exocytotic degranulation in the absence of other intracellular messengers. Here we show that GTP is a potent inhibitor of GTP-gamma S-induced degranulation, indicating that sustained activation of a GTP-binding protein is sufficient for membrane fusion. We have found that synthetic oligopeptides, corresponding to part of the effector domain of Rab3a, stimulate complete exocytotic degranulation, similar to that induced by GTP-gamma S. The response is selective for Rab3a sequence and is strictly dependent on Mg2+ and ATP. This suggests that sustained activation of a Rab3 protein causes exocytotic fusion. The peptide response can be accelerated by GDP-beta S, suggesting that Rab3a peptides compete with endogenous Rab3 proteins for a binding site on a target effector protein, which causes fusion on activation.     

丙肝患者PBMC mIL-2R及T细胞亚群检测

为了探讨丙型病毒性肝炎( 丙肝)患者膜白介素- 2 受体( mIL- 2R) 和 T 细胞亚群的表达水平及其在丙肝发病机理中的作用,用生物素- 链霉亲和素法对 203 例抗- HCV 阳性患者外周血单个核细胞进行 T 细胞亚群及植物血凝素( PHA) 诱导前后mIL- 2R 的检测. 总体结果显示丙肝患者外周血单个核细胞( PBMC) mIL- 2R 和 T 细胞亚群表达水平降低,与正常对照组相比,差异显著( P < 0. 01) .其中, 在静息状态和在 PHA 诱导状态,其 mIL- 2R 表达水平与正常对照组相比均低下( P < 0. 01) , 但急慢性丙肝患者中T 细胞亚群及 mIL- 2R 表达水平类似( P > 0. 05) . 急慢性丙肝患者与正常对照组相比,外周血 CD⁺₃ , CD⁺₄ 百分率降低, CD⁺₈ 百分率增高, CD⁺₄ / CD⁺₈ 比值下降( 从 P < 0. 05 降至 P< 0. 01) .说明丙肝患者体内存在明显的细胞免疫功能紊乱, T细胞活化障碍, 并与肝病的慢性化有关.     

Specificity in Toll-like receptor signalling through distinct effector functions of TRAF3 and TRAF6

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are activated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns to induce innate immune responses and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interferons and anti-inflammatory cytokines. TLRs activate downstream effectors through adaptors that contain Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains, but the mechanisms accounting for diversification of TLR effector functions are unclear. To dissect biochemically TLR signalling, we established a system for isolating signalling complexes assembled by dimerized adaptors. Using MyD88 as a prototypical adaptor, we identified TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) as a new component of TIR signalling complexes that is recruited along with TRAF6. Using myeloid cells from TRAF3- and TRAF6-deficient mice, we show that TRAF3 is essential for the induction of type I interferons (IFN) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), but is dispensable for expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In fact, TRAF3-deficient cells overproduce pro-inflammatory cytokines owing to defective IL-10 production. Despite their structural similarity, the functions of TRAF3 and TRAF6 are largely distinct. TRAF3 is also recruited to the adaptor TRIF (Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-beta) and is required for marshalling the protein kinase TBK1 (also called NAK) into TIR signalling complexes, thereby explaining its unique role in activation of the IFN response.     

Inducible expression pattern of rice Bowman-Birk inhibitor gene<Emphasis Type="Italic">OsWIP1-2</Emphasis> and its protease inhibitory activity

The WIP1-2 gene was cloned from rice. It be-longs to the Bowman-Birk inhibitor gene family. Northernblot showed that expression of this gene was induced bywounding and jasmonic acid (JA). It indicates that the OsWIPI gene plays an important role in the rice defense sys-tem. The OsWIP1-2 was cloned into pET28a and expressed inE. coli. Its expressed product was purified in the form offusion protein and tested for the inhibitory activities againsttrypsin and chymotrypsin. It was found that the fusion pro-tein could inhibit chymotrypsin, but not trypsin. It was alsofound that the His tag at its C-terminal affected its inhibitoryactivity significantly. The fusion protein with a naturalC-terminal had the inhibitory activity, while no inhibitoryactivity was detected in the fusion protein with a (His)6-tag atits C-terminal. This implies that extra amino acid residues atthe C-terminal of OsWIP1-2 may interfere with its correctfolding. The inhibitory assay indicated that the members ofrice Bowman-Birk inhibitor gene family probably differenti-ated both in their structure and function.     

The adaptor molecule TIRAP provides signalling specificity for Toll-like receptors

Mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) function as sensors of infection and induce the activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Upon recognizing conserved pathogen-associated molecular products, TLRs activate host defence responses through their intracellular signalling domain, the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain, and the downstream adaptor protein MyD88 (refs 1-3). Although members of the TLR and the interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor families all signal through MyD88, the signalling pathways induced by individual receptors differ. TIRAP, an adaptor protein in the TLR signalling pathway, has been identified and shown to function downstream of TLR4 (refs 4, 5). Here we report the generation of mice deficient in the Tirap gene. TIRAP-deficient mice respond normally to the TLR5, TLR7 and TLR9 ligands, as well as to IL-1 and IL-18, but have defects in cytokine production and in activation of the nuclear factor NF-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinases in response to lipopolysaccharide, a ligand for TLR4. In addition, TIRAP-deficient mice are also impaired in their responses to ligands for TLR2, TLR1 and TLR6. Thus, TIRAP is differentially involved in signalling by members of the TLR family and may account for specificity in the downstream signalling of individual TLRs.     

EGFP-IgG4融合基因真核表达载体的构建及其表达

构建增强型绿色荧光蛋白（Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein, EGFP）和IgG4基因的融合蛋白真核表达载体pMM-EGFP-IgG4/WG，转染至中华仓鼠卵巢细胞(Chinese Hamster Ovary，CHO)中成功表达，并发出绿色荧光，证明pMM-EGFP-IgG4/WG是一种良好的生产分泌型外源融合蛋白的阳性对照.     

Alternatively activated macrophages produce catecholamines to sustain adaptive thermogenesis

All homeotherms use thermogenesis to maintain their core body temperature, ensuring that cellular functions and physiological processes can continue in cold environments. In the prevailing model of thermogenesis, when the hypothalamus senses cold temperatures it triggers sympathetic discharge, resulting in the release of noradrenaline in brown adipose tissue and white adipose tissue. Acting via the β(3)-adrenergic receptors, noradrenaline induces lipolysis in white adipocytes, whereas it stimulates the expression of thermogenic genes, such as PPAR-γ coactivator 1a (Ppargc1a), uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1 (Acsl1), in brown adipocytes. However, the precise nature of all the cell types involved in this efferent loop is not well established. Here we report in mice an unexpected requirement for the interleukin-4 (IL-4)-stimulated program of alternative macrophage activation in adaptive thermogenesis. Exposure to cold temperature rapidly promoted alternative activation of adipose tissue macrophages, which secrete catecholamines to induce thermogenic gene expression in brown adipose tissue and lipolysis in white adipose tissue. Absence of alternatively activated macrophages impaired metabolic adaptations to cold, whereas administration of IL-4 increased thermogenic gene expression, fatty acid mobilization and energy expenditure, all in a macrophage-dependent manner. Thus, we have discovered a role for alternatively activated macrophages in the orchestration of an important mammalian stress response, the response to cold.