Zircon U-Pb geochronology of the volcanic rocks from Fanchang-Ningwu volcanic basins in the Lower Yangtze region and its geological implications

The latest eruptions in two important Mesozoic volcanic basins of Fanchang and Ningwu located in the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River formed the bimodal volcanic rocks of the Kedoushan Formation and ultrapotassic volcanic rocks of the Niangniangshan Formation, respectively. The representative volcanic rocks of the two Formations were selected for LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb dating. The results indicate that there exist a large amount of magmatic zircons as indicated by high Th/U ratios in these volcanic rocks. The weighted mean age of 21 analyses is 130.7±1.1 Ma for the Kedoushan Formation, and that of 20 analyses is 130.6±1.1 Ma for the Niangniangshan Formation. These U-Pb ages are interpreted to represent the formation times of the volcanic rocks. In combination with other known geochronological data for Mesozoic volcanic rocks from the Lower Yangtze region, it is proposed that the latest volcanic activations in the Jinniu, Luzong, Fanchang and Ningwu volcanic basins probably came to end prior to ca. 128 Ma. There is no significant time interval between the early and later volcanic activities in the Luzong and Ningwu basins, suggesting a short duration of volcanic activities and thus implying the onset of an extensional tectonic setting at about 130 Ma in the Lower Yangtze region. Integrated studies reveal that the Early Cretaceous magmatic activities and their geochronological framework in the Lower Yangtze region are a response to progressively dynamic deep processes that started with the transformation of tectonic setting from compression to extension, followed by delaminating of the lower part of the thickened lithosphere, lithospheric thinning, asthenosphere upwelling, and crust-mantle interaction.     

Zircon U-Pb geochronology of basement metamorphic rocks in the Songliao Basin

Zircon LA-ICP MS U-Pb dating of six metamorphic rocks and a metagranite (breccia) from southern basement of the Songliao Basin are reported in order to constrain the formation ages of basement. The basement metamorphic rocks in the Songliao Basin mainly consist of metagabbro (L45-1), amphibolite (SN117), metarhyolitical tuff (G190), sericite (Ser) schist (N103), chlorite (Chl) schist (T5-1), biotite (Bi)-actinolite (Act)-quartz (Q) schist (Y205), and metagranite (L44-1). The cathodoluminesence (CL) images of the zircons from metagabbro (L45-1) and metagranite (L44-1) indicate that they have cores of magmatic origin and rims of metamorphic overgrowths. Their U-Pb isotopic ages are 1808±21 Ma and 1873±13 Ma, respectively. The zircons with oscillatory zoning from amphibolite (SN117) and Chl schist (T5-1), being similar to those of mafic igneous rocks, yield ages of 274 ± 3.4 Ma and 264 ± 3.2 Ma, re-spectively. The zircons from metarhyolitical tuff (G190) and Ser schist (N103) display typical magmatic growth zoning and yield ages of 424 ± 4.5 Ma and 287 ± 5.1Ma, respectively. Most of zircons from Bi-Act-Q schist (Y205) are round in shape and different in absorption degree in the CL images, implying their sedimentary detritals. U-Pb dating yield concordant ages of 427 ± 3.1Ma, 455 ± 12 Ma, 696 ± 13 Ma, 1384±62 Ma, 1649±36 Ma, 1778±18 Ma, 2450±9 Ma, 2579±10 Ma, 2793±4 Ma and 2953±14 Ma. The above-mentioned results indicate that the Precambrian crystalline basement (1808―1873 Ma) exists in the southern Songliao Basin and could be related to tectonic thrust, and that the Early Paleozoic (424―490 Ma) and Late Paleozoic magmatisms (264―292 Ma) also occur in the basin basement, which are consistent with the ages of the detrital zircons from Bi-Act-Q schist in the basement.     

东准噶尔红柳峡辉长岩锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义

准噶尔盆地基底性质及形成时期问题对研究新疆地壳演化、油气资源的勘探与评价均有重要意义,但长期以来一直存在很大争议。准噶尔盆地东部红柳峡地区是探讨准噶尔盆地是否存在前寒武纪基底的代表性地区之一,因此对该区进行同位素定年分析,以期获得古老锆石年龄的同位素证据。选取原定为中元古界札曼苏岩群中的大量发育的变质辉长岩进行了LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年研究。发现U-Pb表面年龄值分布的范围很宽,从385±7 Ma至2 322±45Ma.岩浆锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(396±5)Ma(MSWD=1.15,n=7),代表辉长岩的结晶年龄为早泥盆世晚期。此外辉长岩中尚有4粒年龄为(842~2 322)Ma捕获锆石,代表了岩浆上升溢流路经区围岩中的锆石形成时代。札曼苏岩群被划分为中元古代是不准确的,综合该区的变质砂岩和玄武岩锆石同位素定年数据,认为札曼苏岩群形成时期的下限不早于早泥盆世。结合区域地质综合分析认为,准噶尔盆地东部可能存在前寒武纪的古老结晶基底。     

准噶尔盆地东部石炭系优质火山岩储层特征及分布规律

为研究准噶尔盆地东部石炭系优质火山岩发育规律,通过野外踏勘、岩心观察、铸体薄片鉴定、孔渗分析、测井及地震分析方法研究了火山岩储层特征及分布。结果表明：石炭系火山岩主要岩性岩相以溢流相安山岩、爆发相凝灰岩为主,其次为溢流相玄武岩、爆发相火山角砾岩;火山岩储层中气孔+溶蚀孔和溶蚀孔+裂缝型孔隙为有利的孔隙组合类型,溢流相玄武岩、安山岩和爆发相火山角砾岩储层物性最好,为优质储层发育岩性;优质火山岩储层发育受火山喷发环境、岩性岩相及后期构造改造综合控制,火山岩喷发环境决定了储集空间的发育程度与规模,水上喷发环境造成火山岩原生气孔较为发育,后期淋滤溶蚀改造较为强烈,因此水上喷发环境的火山岩储集性能要好于水下喷发环境;石炭系火山活动具有沿断裂呈串珠-中心式分布的特征,受到构造活动影响,靠近断裂的储层发育有大量的裂缝,对火山物性的改善至关重要,靠近断裂还可沟通烃源岩与储层,为后期有机酸溶蚀创造有利条件。可见准噶尔盆地东部石炭系火山岩油气勘探潜力巨大,火山岩储层中靠近断裂的水上近火山口爆发相和水下近火山口侵出相是最有利储层发育带,有利的火山岩区带主要分布在准噶尔盆地东部滴西地区、五彩湾地区和东部大井地...     

准噶尔盆地东部隆起区磁场特征及对火山岩油气藏勘探的指示

火山岩型油气藏是准噶尔盆地十分重要的油气藏类型,近年来针对该类型油气藏的勘探在准东地区呈现出多点开花的场面。为了加快推进准东地区石炭系火山岩油气藏的勘探,本文通过高精度航磁、区域重力、地震和钻井资料对准噶尔盆地东部的断裂系统进行推断与解释,重点对该区磁性体的埋深开展分析。基于航磁计算的磁性体深度显示,准噶尔盆地东部隆起区磁性体最小埋深在0.5-2.2 km之间,清晰地呈现出南北分带,东西分块的构造格局。以隆起区中部一条近南北向深大断裂为界,东部和西部磁性体的深度、规模和形态存在明显差异。受次级断裂的影响,东部磁性体呈北东向展布,西部磁性体呈北西向和近东西向展布。依据断裂系统和磁性体埋藏深度对火山岩体油气成藏的控制,结合石炭系烃源岩生烃强度的展布,在准东地区预测出三个有利的火山岩油气藏勘探区带。     

准噶尔盆地中部钻井岩心凝灰质砂岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

对准噶尔盆地中央凹陷内部钻井岩心凝灰质细砂岩样品进行岩石学及LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,探讨研究区的地层沉积时代及基底构造属性。结果表明:(1)碎屑锆石的年龄分布范围为(270±2)Ma~(568±3)Ma,具有多峰的分布特征,表明其碎屑物质来源较为复杂。岩浆锆石样品最小年龄为270 Ma,代表该样品的沉积时代为中二叠世。(2)研究还获得(568±3)Ma新元古代和(1 790±14)Ma的古元古代锆石年龄,这可为准噶尔盆地存在前寒武纪古老结晶基底提供依据。同时研究还获得晚古生代363~401Ma,300~358 Ma,270~299 Ma的年龄纪录,反映准噶尔盆地基底经历了多阶段复杂陆壳演化过程。     

准噶尔盆地西北缘和布克赛尔玄武岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

目的确定准噶尔盆地西北缘和布克赛尔玄武岩的形成时代,并探讨其地质意义。方法在锆石阴极发光内部结构研究的基础上,进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年。结果玄武岩形成时限在291～310 Ma。结论玄武岩喷发形成时代不是晚奥陶世,而更可能是在早二叠世。其中,最老的继承性单颗粒碎屑锆石谐和年龄为(2 395±27)Ma,推测该区应存在前寒武纪古老地块。因此,准噶尔盆地西北缘由两条蛇绿岩、蛇绿混杂岩带围限的区带,应是由蛇绿岩、蛇绿混杂岩地体、岛弧岩浆杂岩和微古陆块共同组成的古生代增生带。     

Hf isotopes of zircon megacrysts from the Cenozoic basalts in eastern China

Cenozoic basalts are widely distributed in eastern China, and some of them contain zircon megacrysts which are considered to be constituent mineral of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle （SCLM） and petrogenetically related to mantle metasomatism induced by addition of crustal materials. Using the Laser Ablation Multiple Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry （LA-MC-ICPMS）, zircon megacrysts from the Cenozoic basalts at Changle in Shandong, Mingxi in Fujian, and Penglai in Hainan provinces have been used for Hf isotopic analyses. The data indicate that there is no significant deviation for the different zircon grains in each locale, except those from Penglai. The obtained ^176Hf /^177Hf ratios are 0.28302- 0.28308 for Changle, 0.28297-0.28300 for Mingxi, and 0.28288-0.28293 for Penglai, with corresponding ear values of 8.7-10.8, 7.0-7.9, and 3.9-5.7, respectively. These data display that there existed some regional heterogeneity, but the Hf model ages clustere in the Phanerozoic. Therefore, it is inferred that metasomatism of the lithospheric mantle beneath eastern China took place in the Phanerozoic, most probably in the Mesozoic-Cenozoic. However, the formation time of the iithospheric mantle is not clearly constrained based on the present Hf isotopic data.     

Zircon U-Pb ages of the basement rocks beneath the Songliao Basin, NE China

The basement of the Songliao Basin is mainly composed of slightly-metamorphosed or unmetamorphosed Paleozoic strata, granites and gneiss. Petrographical studies indicate that the gneiss was originally the granitic intrusions which were deformed in the later stage. One undeformed granitic rock sample gives a U-Pb age of (305±2) Ma, and the mylonitic granite yields a U-Pb age of (165±3) Ma. Both of the two samples contain no inherited zircon, which suggests that there is no large-scale Precambrian crystalline basement beneath the Songliao Basin.     

乌伦古地区石炭纪火山岩地球化学特征分析

乌伦古地区是准噶尔盆地重要的探区之一,目前已获工业油气流,但仍存在石炭系资源潜力不清、富集规律不明、勘探开发风险大等问题。采用元素地球化学方法,探讨区内火山岩地球化学特征、源区以及构造环境特征。结果表明:姜巴斯套组火山岩具有低TiO_2含量,且Nb、Ta等元素负异常的岛弧火山岩特征;而巴山组具有高TiO_2含量,轻稀土元素和高场强元素较为富集等特征,为大陆板内裂谷火山岩,但受到火山岛弧的混染;同时揭示上下石炭统火山岩均来自于壳源,在物质来源判别图和构造判别图解中也得到很好的印证。这也表明研究区石炭系经历了从岛弧环境向陆内裂谷环境演变的过程,该研究成果对本区及邻区构造演化及成藏条件研究均具有指导作用。     

巢湖地区侵入岩锆石定年

安徽巢北地区坐落着一个"M"型的山脉,近年来对该地区的构造、地层和古生物化石已有很多的研究积累,但对于岩浆岩,由于分布和发育有限而研究程度较低。文章应用LA-ICP-MS锆石微区分析技术对该地区出露的岩体进行了精确定年。结果显示,岩体中含大量岩浆成因锆石,以高的w(Th)/w(U)比和振荡结晶环带为特征。样品中16个测点的n(206Pb)/n(238 U)加权平均年龄为(100.8±1.3)Ma,代表该岩体的形成年龄。巢北地区位于下扬子北缘,近年来关于下扬子地区中生代岩浆岩研究的年龄数据尚无小于100 Ma的报道,而在本区西侧紧邻的郯庐断裂带南缘上,其岩浆岩的形成时代介于132~103 Ma之间。因此,巢北地区侵入岩在时代和成因上,和郯庐断裂带的联系更加密切。     

Petrogenesis of the Neoproterozoic bimodal volcanic rocks along the western margin of the Yangtze Block： New constraints from Hf isotopes and Fe/Mn ratios

High-precision major element and Hf isotope data are reported for the Neoproterozoic Suxiong volcanic rocks along the western margin of the Yangtze Block. These volcanic rocks have variable εHf（T） values and Fe/Mn ratios. The relatively primitive basalts have high Fe/Mn ratios and high Hf-Nd isotopic compositions, indicating that they were generated by partial melting of garnet clinopyroxene in mantle plume at high pressure. Thus, the Suxiong basalts are genetically related to the proposed Neoproterozoic superplume. On the contrary, a few differentiated basalts have low Fe/Mn ratios and low Hf-Nd isotopic compositions. They are likely to experience assimilation-fractional crystallization process. The Suxiong rhyolites have consistent Hf and Nd model ages of 1.3-1.4 Ga. They are likely generated by shallow dehydration melting of pre-existing young arc igneous rocks associated with the basaltic underplating/intrusion in a continental rift.     

新疆准噶尔盆地东北缘石炭系滴水泉组烃源岩评价

准噶尔盆地东北缘石炭系烃源岩在准东和腹部地区分布广泛,结合露头资料、钻井资料和地震资料,对准噶尔东北缘地区石炭系烃源岩的丰度、类型、成熟度特征进行了系统研究和评价,研究区烃源岩以凝灰岩和沉凝灰岩为主,是一套有机质丰度较高的混合偏腐殖型的成熟烃源岩,具有较高的成烃潜力。其油气主要分布在五彩湾凹陷、三个泉凸起上,该区的烃源岩有机质丰度以中等—好为主,有机质类型以Ⅱ型为主,有机质基本上处于成熟演化阶段,充分证实石炭系在准噶尔东北缘是一套有效的烃源岩,在该区寻找石炭系原油具有现实意义。     

新疆西准噶尔萨尔托海地区英安岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其对达拉布特蛇绿岩侵位时限的约束

新疆西准噶尔达拉布特蛇绿岩在其北东段萨尔托海地区被下石炭统火山岩-沉积岩不整合覆盖。对这套沉积-火山岩系中的英安岩进行 LA-ICP-MS 锆石 U-Pb 定年, 获得 ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U 加权平均年龄为 349±2 Ma(早石炭世杜内期)。英安岩REE 分配型式具有轻稀土富集、重稀土相对平坦、Eu 负异常明显的特点。微量元素原始地幔标准化图解中, 所有样品的标准化丰度都随着元素不相容性的增加而增大。与经典的弧英安岩以及埃达克火山岩相比, 太勒古拉组英安岩 Sr 含量平均值为 195 μg/g, Sr/Y 平均值为 5.2, La/Yb 平均值为4.6, 远小于经典的弧英安岩和埃达克岩。结合太勒古拉组变形、变质微弱的特点, 认为早石炭世英安岩形成于板内裂谷环境, 且在早石炭世之前达拉布特蛇绿岩已经就位。     

Petrogenesis of keratophyes in the Pingshui Group, Zhejiang: Constraints from zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotopes

Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages and Hf isotopic as well as whole-rock geochemical data are reported for keratophyes in the Pingshui Group, Zhejiang. The results are used to discuss their petrogenesis and geological significance. The keratophyes were dated at 904±8 to 906±10 Ma. These intermediate-felsic rocks are characterized by high LREE contents and depletion of HREE and HFSE (e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti, P), resembling arc-derived rocks. The keratophyes exhibit positive εHf(t) values of 8.6 to 15.4, consistent with the...     

准噶尔南缘糜棱岩锆石定年及其地质意义

目的确定准噶尔盆地南缘糜棱岩的侵位时代。方法在锆石阴极荧光内部结构研究的基础上,进行LA-ICP-MS锆石原位U-Pb定年。结果测年结果显示花岗岩侵位年龄可分为两组：418—460Ma和914—979Ma。结论准噶尔盆地南缘至少发生过二期主构造热事件：早古生代加里东期和元古宙吕梁运动期。     

Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating for the Cangshuipu volcanic rocks and its implications for the lower boundary age of the Nanhua strata in South China

Continental volcanic rocks and volcaniclastic sedi-mentary conglomerates of the Cangshuipu Formation oc- cur as wedge-shaped Neoproterozoic strata in the Yiyang region, Hunan Province. They overlie with a high-angle unconformity the Lengjiaxi Group of the Upper Meso- proterozoic Eonothem. The wedge-shaped Neoproterozoic strata of the continental clastic rocks and the Mesopro-terozoic deep marine flysch turbidites of the Lengjiaxi Group represent two distinct stages of basin-tectonic evo-…     

Age and genesis of the Myanmar jadeite: Constraints from U-Pb ages and Hf isotopes of zircon inclusions

Myanmar jadeite (jadeitite) is well known for its economical value and distinctive tectonic locality within the collisional belt between India and Eurasian plates. However, it is less studied for its genesis and geodynamic implications due to precipitous topography, adverse weather and local military conflicts in the area. By means of combined ICP-MS and LA-MC-ICPMS techniques, we have carried out in-situ trace elements, U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopes for zircon inclusions in a piece of jadeite gem sample. CL imaging suggests that the zircons are metasomatic in origin, and contain mineral inclusions of jadeite and omphacite. Seventy-five analyses on 16 grains of the zircons yield a U-Pb age of 158 ± 2 Ma. The Myanmar zircons differ from other types in that they have no significant Eu anomalies despite high HREE concentrations. Measured ¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf ratios range from 0.282976 to 0.283122, with an average value of 0.283066 ± 7; ε_Hf(t) value of 13.8 ± 0.3 (n=75). These results indicate that the Myanmar jadeite was formed in the Late Jurassic, probably by interaction of fluid released from subducted oceanic slab with mantle wedge. Therefore, its formation has no genetic relationship to the continental collision between Indian and Euroasian plates. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40673039) and the Science Plan Foundation of Guangdong (Grant No. 2007B031200005)     

东秦岭沙河湾岩体成因——来自锆石U-Pb定年及其Hf同位素的证据

目的 确定东秦岭沙河湾花岗岩体形成时代、源区性质及其成因.方法 在锆石内部结构的CL图像研究基础上,用LA-ICFMS和MC-ICPMS测定锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素组成,探讨寄主花岗岩、暗色闪长质包体及及围岩中闪长质脉体锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素组成特征.结果 寄主花岗岩、暗色包体及其围岩中闪长质脉体分别存在210 Ma和197 Ma,197 Ma和188 Ma以及230M a和210 Ma两组年龄的锆石;对应的εHf(t)值在一个略微偏正或负的范围内变化,指示该岩体非单一源区岩浆物质所能形成,至少是两个源区岩浆混合作用的结果.结论 该岩体是以新元古带古老地壳物质熔融为主体的壳源岩浆与源自略富集地幔的幔源岩浆高度混合的产物.这一壳、幔岩浆混合作用首先以230Ma的幔源岩浆活动为标志,并可能在210 Ma前就由于幔源岩浆活动热源的持续积累而诱发了该区地壳物质的部分熔融,形成以壳源岩浆为主的岩浆房.此后.约在200 Ma深部幔源基性岩浆进入壳源酸性岩浆房发生岩浆混合,并一直持续到185 Ma左右,证明了秦岭中生代壳、幔岩浆混合作用持续了大约60 Ma.     

准噶尔盆地西北缘二叠系佳木河组火山岩有效储层特征与定量评价

通过地质、测井及生产动态资料综合分析,对准噶尔盆地西北缘金龙2井区二叠系佳木河组火山岩储层特征进行研究。结果表明:佳木河组火山岩有效储层岩性主要为安山质(熔结)角砾岩、安山质/玄武质角砾熔岩及安山岩等,储集空间类型以气孔、溶蚀孔为主,其次为晶间孔及砾间孔,总体表现为中低孔、低渗特低渗特征;火山岩有效储层微观孔喉特征主要表现为单峰粗态、偏粗态及双峰偏粗态的细孔喉型;应用聚类分析方法与典型Fisher判别方法将火山岩有效储层进一步定量细分为3类;依据火山岩有效储层定量评价方法,优选试验部署区域,现场实际应用效果显著,为火山岩油藏高效开发部署提供了有力的技术支撑。