下一代互联网中的智能QoS组播路由算法

设计了一种下一代互联网中的智能QoS组播路由算法,给定一个QoS组播请求和柔性QoS需求,包括带宽需求、组播端到端延迟区间,延迟抖动区间和出错率区间,寻找一棵QoS组播路由树.提出一种基于演化算法和单纯形算法的混合算法来构造满足上述需求且费用近优QoS柔性组播路由树,兼顾网络负载均衡.仿真结果表明,该算法是可行和有效的,明显优于基于传统遗传算法的QoS组播路由算法.     

NGI中立队竞争演化QoS组播路由算法

设计了一种NGI中的非NP类QoS组播路由算法.该算法以最小化费用为目标,基于立队竞争演化算法,寻找一棵延迟、延迟抖动、带宽及出错率受限且费用优化的组播路由树,一体化解决路由与波长分配问题,同时兼顾网络负载均衡.仿真研究表明,该算法是可行和有效的,不仅能够满足QoS约束,而且在组播树费用和运行时间上明显优于基于经典遗传算法的QoS组播路由算法.     

一种基于链路选择函数的时延约束组播路由算法

在分析基于链路选择函数的服务质量(Quality of Service, QoS)约束组播路由算法的基础上,总结了在构建组播树过程中目的地开销和网络开销的变化规律.并且根据实际应用要求,从综合优化网络开销和目的地开销的角度出发,提出了一种新的链路选择函数及相关组播路由算法,该算法不仅提出了新的链路选择标准,并且改进了节点的搜索过程,综合优化了网络开销和目的地开销.由算法的仿真分析得出,该算法在组播树的总代价和平均延迟上优于DDSP(Destination-Driven Shortest Path)算法,取得了良好的网络性能.     

基于双层递归神经网络模型求解最优组播路由

基于覆盖网络的组播作为一种新的IP网络组播解决方案已得到广泛关注.提出了一种利用改进的双层递归神经网络模型求解VPON网络环境下的QoS(服务质量)最优组播路由的方案.该方案在选择路由时综合考虑链路的可用带宽及节点的剩余处理能力,并运用一种基于改进的双层递归神经网络模型--MTLRNN进行求解,与其它启发式组播路由算法相比,该方案在满足应用的QoS要求的前提下,使全网的负载分配更加均衡,同时在解的有效性及接纳的组播应用会话数方面都有比较大的改善.     

一种满足多服务质量约束的动态组播路由算法

建立了网络模型，描述、简化了研究的问题，并提出了一种新的满足多服务质量(QoS)约束的动态组播路由算法(DMRMQ)．该算法采用Bellman—Ford算法作为路径搜索算法，能在满足带宽、延迟、延迟抖动和丢包率约束的前提下确定具有最小跳数和开销的动态组播路由．仿真实验表明，在假定网络节点输出链路容量相等的情况下，与Greedy、LeastHop两种不考虑QoS的算法相比，DMRMQ能在满足多QoS约束的前提下建立动态组播路由，且路由请求平均成功率提高约10％，路由平均延迟降低约20％，路由平均跳数基本持平．     

一种新的星座网络多业务类QoS路由算法

针对多媒体业务具有不同QoS要求的问题,提出了一种新的多业务类QoS星座网络路由算法,其目标是在保证高优先级业务性能的同时,提高低优先级业务的性能,从而高效利用网络整体资源.该算法以多种QoS要求和动态链路状态为依据,给出分类的链路代价.引入关键链路的概念,并将链路利用率、剩余带宽、期望负载结合起来定义分类的关键链路代价增量,尽可能减少业务类之间的影响,合理分配网络资源.通过VC和Matlab混合编程建立卫星网络和全球业务仿真环境,并对本文和其他三种路由算法进行仿真试验.结果表明,本文算法不仅保证了高优先级业务的平均路径时延、平均阻塞概率以及平均吞吐率,而且低优先级业务的以上性能具有显著提高,从而有效提高了网络负载均衡性和资源利用率.     

小生境粒子群优化ABC支持型QoS组播路由机制

针对ABC总最佳链接支持型QoS(服务质量)组播路由存在的链路参数不精确、用户QoS参数难以描述以及用户与网络运营商效用相矛盾等关键问题,提出了一种基于用户和运营商博弈的多目标模型,采用模糊数学的方法对链路参数和用户的QoS需求进行处理,利用用户和运营商在每条链路上效用的博弈达到纳什均衡下的Pareto最优,保证了用户和运营商的公平性.为有效求解该多约束QoS组播路由模型,提出一种基于动态Pareto解聚类分析的小生境粒子群的多目标算法.该算法采用聚类小生境保证解的多样性,引入动态更新Pareto最优边界加速寻得优质解过程.最后,基于NS2平台对路由机制及算法进行了仿真实现与性能指标评价.实验结果表明:该路由算法在可信度、用户效用、网络运营商效用等方面具有突出的优势,验证了其有效性与可行性.     

链路优化时延约束组播路由的遗传算法

针对网络的瓶颈路径易造成网络拥塞的现象,分析了链路负载不平衡的原因,重新给出链路代价定义,提出一种遗传算法求解该类组播路由问题.算法从链路代价权值转化开始,以满意的时延树为遗传算法的初始解集,然后在交叉操作过程中不断地用低链路代价的边代替树中高链路代价的边,以求得满足链路代价最优的组播树.仿真结果表明,该算法在考虑网络的负载均衡情况下,选择链路代价较低的空闲路径,快速、有效地构建满足时延要求,链路代价最小的组播树.     

Ad Hoc网络中基于模拟退火-蚁群算法的QoS路由发现方法

针对Ad Hoc网络的动态网络环境和链路、节点性能限制等不利因素，提出了一种新的QoS路由发现方法——SAANT．该方法利用蚁群算法增加了发现可用QoS路由的概率，利用基于概率的路由转发策略来减少洪泛造成的网络开销，从而强化所提算法的全局搜索能力和自适应性，减小了洪泛对Ad Hoc网络性能的影响．所提方法还利用模拟退火算法调整路由发现算法的搜索方向，以弥补蚂蚁算法收敛速度上的弱点，减少了搜索过程中的停滞现象．在包投递成功率、平均包延迟和吞吐量等方面，通过仿真实验对SAANT、仅基于蚁群算法的QoS路由算法和传统的按需路由算法的方法进行了性能比较，结果表明，在Ad Hoc网络环境下，SAANT的收敛速度、移动性能和网络负载性能均表现出更好的适应性．     

QoS组播路由算法研究综述

组播路由和网络服务质量(QoS)是目前和下一代Internet的两个重要研究课题。QoS组播路由作为这两个研究课题的融合,是亟待解决的NP-完全多目标优化问题。结合QoS组播路由算法的问题模型与数学描述,依照不同标准对现有的QoS组播路由算法进行了分类,就当前QoS组播路由算法的研究成果进行了总结,分析比较了典型的QoS组播路由算法,提出了目前算法研究存在的问题,并对以后的研究方向作了展望。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that