AC法处理高锑低银类铅阳极泥--铜和铋的回收

用AC法处理高锑低银类铅阳极泥,其干馏渣水浸液经两段置换、硫酸浸铜、稀盐酸浸铋,综合回收了铜、铋、锑,并使其得到了较大程度的分离,Cu,Bi和Sb的置换率分别为99.75%,96.74%和99.45%;置换渣含铜53.73%,含铋20.79%.用硫酸浸铜法,实现了铜 锑、铜 铋的有效分离,最终铜以硫酸铜产出,品位为93.74%～96.21%,Fe含量为1.13%～1.47%,回收率为93.33%;用稀盐酸浸出铋 锑渣,铋以含Bi69.70%的铋精矿产出,直收率及总回收率分别为90.87%和94.73%,此外还产出Sb含量为36.21%的锑渣,返回氯化浸出过程,总回收率为94.06%.     

用AC法处理高锑低银类铅阳极泥--氯化浸出和干馏的扩大试验

为提高银的回收率和解决环境污染问题,用AC法进行了处理高锑低银类铅阳极泥流程中氯化浸出、干馏和蒸馏等过程的扩大试验;并用氯气再生的A#CA为氧化剂,循环氯化浸出,以实现"贵、贱"金属彻底分离.实验结果表明贱金属锑、铜、铋、锡的浸出率大于98%,银入渣率大于97%;用聚四氟乙烯筒内衬干馏筒,用热风直接加热和用搪瓷冷凝管冷凝干馏气体,干馏装置运转正常;锑馏出率为84.09%,锑和银的回收率分别为98.55%及98.97%,并产出含Sb高达650 g/L的纯SbCl3,杂质元素Cu,Bi,Sn,Fe,Pb与Sb的质量比为3.5×10-6～3.4×10-4的纯SbCl3溶液,蒸馏脱砷后液As与Sb的质量比为1.3×10-4,适合于对锑进行深度加工.     

用AC法从高锑低银类铅阳极泥中回收银和铅

用AC法处理高锑低银类铅阳极泥,其氯化浸出渣经转化脱氯、硅氟酸浸铅、氨水浸银和水合肼还原,得到含Ag大于95%的银粉,铅以硅氟酸铅溶液返回电解精炼.在V苏打溶液/m浸出渣=4mL/g,n苏打实=1.6n苏打理,转化时间为4h及温度为80℃的最佳转化条件下,铅、银、氯的平均转化率为91.42%;在V(H2SiF6)/m浸出渣=4mL/g,浸出时间为1h,温度为50～60℃的最佳浸铅条件下,硅氟酸浸铅率为85.74%～86.07%,硝酸浸铅率大于95%;在浸银过程中,银的浸出率约为94.0%,沉银率约为98.0%.在整个工艺中,银的直收率及总回收率分别为93.63%及98.80%,铅直收率为85.91%,总回收率98.99%.     

复杂高硫渣中有价金属的分离工艺

采用煤油脱硫-氯盐浸出-分步水解法对复杂高硫渣中有价金属的分离进行研究.研究反应时间、反应温度、液固比等因素对实验过程的影响.结果表明:在反应温度为95 ℃,反应时间为0.5 h,液固比分别为11-1时进行2次连续煤油脱硫实验,硫的脱除率为98%,脱硫渣中铋和锑富集,其含量约为复杂高硫渣的6倍.在硫酸质量浓度和氯化钠质量浓度均为150 g/L,液固比为10-1,反应温度为65 ℃时,锑的浸出率为96%,铋的浸出率为98%.采用分步水解,在氯盐浸出液中控制pH=0.8水解沉锑;在沉锑后液中控制pH=1.5水解沉铋,锑和铋的沉淀率分别为85.6%和98%.在整个优化工艺条件下,锑的回收率为82%,铋的回收率为96%.     

大洋多金属结核高压低质量分数碱浸过程中SiO_2溶出行为

为提高综合利用率,对大洋多金属结核碱浸进行预处理研究,考察大洋多金属结核高压低质量分数碱浸过程中Na OH初始质量分数、反应温度、液固比、浸出时间等因素对SiO_2溶出影响,并对高压碱浸脱硅动力学进行研究。研究结果表明:在浸出温度为180℃、质量分数为10%Na OH溶液、液固比为3.0:1.0条件下反应70 min,可制得118.51 g/L的Na2Si O3溶液,其余Na2Si O3以方沸石(Na(Si2Al)O6?H2O)形式析出,SiO_2高压浸出反应的表观活化能为50.08 k J/mol,遵循化学反应控制的收缩核模型。通过高压低质量分数碱浸可选择性浸出其中的SiO_2,并生成有良好吸附性能的方沸石,而不破坏有用金属元素晶格结构,所得浸渣锰质量分数为30.72%以上。     

高硅碱浸渣提铟

碱浸渣是碱熔-浸出提绪后的铟渣,含铟量和含硅量较高,采用常规酸浸时会产生硅胶而难以过滤.分别用高温高酸浸出、硫酸化焙烧-浸出和预处理-浸出方法对高硅碱浸渣提铟进行研究.研究结果表明:这3种方法都能解决过滤难的问题,但采用预处理-浸出方法时铟的回收率最高.采用预处理-浸出提锢方法,即碱浸渣经过特殊处理后用硫酸浸出,在液固比为5 : 1,硫酸初始质量浓度为120～150 g/L,温度为80～90℃时搅拌浸出2.0 h,铟的浸出率高达95%.采用萃取-置换方法从浸出液中提取ω(In)＞98%的粗锢,经电解精练制得了ω(In)＞99.99%的精铟;从碱渣到粗铟,铟的直收率为90%.     

硫化砷渣的碱性浸出及浸出动力学

采用氢氧化钠溶液浸出硫化砷渣,使As与Cu和Bi等金属有效分离,有利于硫化砷渣的综合利用。对氢氧化钠浸出硫化砷渣动力学进行探讨。研究结果表明：当反应温度为90℃,固液比为1：6,反应时间为1．5h,NaOH与As2S3的摩尔比为7．2：1时,氢氧化钠浸出硫化砷渣,砷浸出率达到95．90％,铜浸出率仅为0．087％;经过氢氧化钠浸出,渣中Cu和Bi质量分数分别从10．90％和1．85％增加到50．00％和10．63％,Cu和Bi得到高度富集;溶液中As2S3与NaOH反应为收缩未反应芯扩散控制,其表观活化能为3．682kJ／mol。     

由氢氧化铬渣制取工业氧化铬产品的工艺

针对氢氧化铬渣进行了无害化处理研究,考察了Na OH质量浓度、液固质量比、浸出温度、搅拌速率、浸出时间等条件对铬渣中Al的脱除率的影响.实验结果显示,在温度为100℃、Na OH质量浓度为150 g/L、液固质量比为7∶1、搅拌速率为400 r/min、浸出时间为3.5 h的条件下,铬渣中Al的浸出率可以达到92.69%.碱浸渣水洗脱碱后,在950℃条件下煅烧90 min,最终得到的产品中氧化铬的含量可达到97.23%,经过CIE L*a*b*表色体系测定,由铬渣制取的氧化铬产品偏绿,适用于工业用途.     

砷滤饼制备砷酸铜的影响因素及工艺优化

采用氢氧化钠溶液浸出硫化砷滤饼,有效实现As与Cu和Bi等金属的分离,对浸出液经氧化脱硫后配入黑铜泥的酸性浸出液制备砷酸铜.研究结果表明:当NaOH的浓度为1.5mol/L、液固比10∶1、反应温度70℃、反应时间1.5h、搅拌速度为400r/min时,硫化砷滤饼中As的浸出率达到96.56%,Cu浸出率仅为0.12%;经氢氧化钠浸出,浸出渣中Cu、Bi的质量分数分别从原来15.93%和1.96%增加到56.31%和6.92%,使Cu和Bi得到高度富集;所制备的砷酸铜w(Cu)>29.8%,w(As)>26.19%,砷酸铜的结构式为Cu5As4O15.9H2O.     

从铜镉渣中析出铜锌镉的氧化氨浸工艺

针对传统氨浸工艺浸出率较低现状,采用氧化氨浸工艺浸出回收铜镉渣中的镉、锌和铜.为了确定氧化氨浸工艺的最佳浸出条件,采用正交实验的方法研究了铜镉渣氧化氨浸的影响因素.结果表明:在氨水浓度3.7 mol/L,铵离子浓度5.0 mol/L和(NH₄)₂S₂O₈浓度30 g/L、液固比6∶1的条件下,镉、铜的浸出率达到99%,同时锌的浸出率达到96%,浸出率明显高于传统氨浸方法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has