甘蔗渣制备低聚木糖的工艺优化

甘蔗渣是一种常见的农业废弃物，对甘蔗渣制备低聚木糖的工艺进行优化，可为其高值化利用提供理论依据。本研究以甘蔗渣为原料，采用低浓度碱脱木质素-低强度酸水解-木聚糖酶酶解的工艺来制备低聚木糖，分别研究了碱处理浓度、碱处理温度和碱处理时间对木质素脱除率、木聚糖保留率的影响以及酸处理浓度、酸处理温度、酸处理时间对低聚木糖和木糖产率的影响，最后通过单因素试验结合响应面法对木聚糖酶酶解工艺进行优化。结果表明，低浓度碱脱木质素的处理参数为KOH溶液浓度0.3 mol/L、碱处理温度110℃和碱处理时间1.5 h,在此条件下木质素脱除率和木聚糖保留率分别达到57.8%和87.4%;低强度酸水解的处理参数为H₂SO₄溶液浓度0.1 mol/L、酸处理温度80℃和酸处理时间1 h,在此条件下的最优酶解工艺为酶用量22 U/g碱处理甘蔗渣(Alkali treated Sugarcane Bagasse, ASB)、酶解温度40.5℃、酶解时间4.3 h,得到的低聚木糖产量为12.66 g/L。本研究为甘蔗渣的高值化利用以及更好地制备低聚木糖提供了新思路和理论依据...     

活性炭—H202催化氧化处理氨基C酸工业废水的研究

研究了活性炭—H2O2催化氧化处理氨基C酸工业废水的氧化脱色效果，活性炭兼具吸附和催化双重作用．试验结果表明，在pH＝1．0，氧化剂的用量为H2O2/废水＝50mL/L，催化剂的用量为活性炭/H2O2＝0．5—0．75g／mL时，废水的CODcr去除率可达62.4％，脱色率达到94.6％．显示了该法处理氨基C酸工业废水良好的氧化脱色效果．     

低聚木糖对两歧双歧杆菌的增殖

以酶解低聚木糖为碳源，在严格厌氧条件下增殖两歧双歧杆菌。研究表明，低聚木糖可有效增殖两歧双歧杆菌，两歧双歧杆菌对该糖的转化率与对葡萄糖的相近。将低聚木糖在浓度为5.0-10g/L的范围内增加其初始浓度，可提高双歧杆菌的菌体浓度和增殖速率，低聚木糖对两歧双歧杆菌和青春双歧杆菌的双株混合培养效果明显优于单株培养，其功能完全符合人体的生理特点，适宜于低聚木糖在人体内自然增殖双歧杆菌菌群。     

蔗渣木聚糖制备低聚木糖的最优复合酶降解工艺研究

【目的】研究复合酶酶解蔗渣木聚糖制备低聚木糖的方法。【方法】采用混料试验设计中的单纯形质心方法对木聚糖酶 A,木聚糖酶B和α-L-阿拉伯糖苷酶3种酶进行配方设计试验,以低聚木糖得率为评价指标。【结果】低聚木糖得率的最优酶复合配比为木聚糖酶 A 39．5％,木聚糖酶B 25％,α-L-阿拉伯糖苷酶35．5％,在此条件下预测低聚木糖得率为85．20％。【结论】该配比能显著提高蔗渣木聚糖酶解效率和低聚木糖的产率。     

汉麻杆活性炭的制备及对竹醋液脱色脱臭的研究

为了研究自制的汉麻活性炭对竹醋原液的脱色脱臭的最佳工艺,以单因素试验考察活性炭的用量、吸附时间、温度对竹醋原液(100℃蒸馏液)脱色脱臭的影响.结果表明:最佳工艺条件为单位体积竹醋原液汉麻活性炭用量24mg/mL,单位体积竹醋蒸馏液汉麻活性炭用量10mg/mL,吸附20min,吸附温度60℃,pH值为3.0,磷酸汉麻活性炭脱色率达85%以上;氯化锌脱色率达60%以上,磷酸汉麻活性炭吸附量高达385.3～427.3mg/g.结论:磷酸汉麻活性炭脱色率比其他活性炭脱色、脱臭率高,可应用于竹醋液的脱色脱臭.     

絮凝-吸附组合工艺处理工厂高浓染料废水

采用絮凝-吸附组合工艺对工厂高浓的染料废水进行处理,系统考察絮凝剂的种类和用量,吸附剂的种类、用量、吸附时间和温度对染料废水的脱色率和浊度去除率的影响。实验结果表明：絮凝剂聚合AlCl3的效果优于FeCl3,聚合AlC13投放量为0．0375kg／L时,脱色率达到90．2％;絮凝后的清液经不同吸附剂进行脱色处理,活性炭的脱色效果优于盐泥和凹凸棒土吸附剂,在20℃的室温下,活性炭的投放量为0．0113kg／L时,吸附脱色约120min,染料废水的脱色率和浊度去除率分别达到99．0％和96．1％。     

芦笋多糖活性炭法脱色工艺

为优化芦笋多糖活性炭法脱色工艺条件,以综合吸附效应指数为考察目标,利用活性炭法进行芦笋多糖脱色,在单因素试验基础上,进行了均匀设计试验。结果表明,芦笋多糖活性炭法脱色的最佳工艺条件为脱色温度80℃,脱色时间60 min,活性炭的质量浓度25 g/L,溶液pH值7.0,该条件下综合吸附效应指数为68.24%,脱色率为67%,脱蛋白率为89%,多糖保留率为56%。     

青春双歧杆菌体外代谢低聚木糖的研究

研究了以酶法制备和以高温降解制备的低聚木糖体外对青春双歧杆菌的增殖作用以及双歧杆菌代谢低聚木糖的规律。结果表明:以酶法制备的3 g/L低聚木糖为碳源时,菌体浓度在18 h达到最大值0.43 g/L,增殖了3.73倍;以高温降解的3 g/L低聚木糖为碳源时,菌体的浓度24 h时达到最大值0.19 g/L,增殖1.16倍。酶法制备低聚木糖增殖效果优于高温降解低聚木糖。在代谢过程中发现青春双歧杆菌优先利用木二、木三糖,在利用聚合度3以上的低聚木糖的同时会释放出阿拉伯糖和木糖。青春双歧杆菌对木二、木三、木四、木五和木六糖利用率分别为94.00%、50.00%、83.87%、60.87%和48.28%,其代谢产物主要是乳酸、乙酸和丙酸。     

Fenton氧化-活性炭吸附组合处理印染废水的研究

对Fenton氧化-活性炭吸附组和处理印染废水进行了研究。利用正交实验确定了单独Fenton氧化处理印染废水的最佳条件：Fe2＋：0.05g/L;H2O2：40mL·L-1;处理时间40min;pH值3,脱色率为72.1%。考察了活性炭投加量、pH值、处理时间等因素对活性炭吸附效果的影响,结果表明,活性炭吸附处理印染废水的最佳条件：活性炭投加量0.4g·L-1;处理时间40min;pH值2～3,脱色率为69.2%。在Fenton氧化和活性炭吸附的最佳处理条件下进行三种不同组合方式处理印染废水,以二者同时进行处理的方式最佳,脱色率可达90%以上。活性炭对Fenton氧化具有一定的催化作用,二者组合处理印染废水具有较好的脱色效果。     

水处理活性炭的超声波再生技术

为研究水处理活性炭的再生,利用超声波处理技术,以甲基橙为有机化合物模型,进行吸附饱和木质活性炭的超声处理再生实验。结果表明,Fe^2＋、Cu^2＋的加入明显提高了超声反应的脱色率。在pH值为1．0,温度为30℃,声能密度为180W／L,Fe^2＋和Cu^2＋的投加量为0．6g／L的条件下,超声反应30min后,脱色率都可达到95．5％。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that