基于改进YOLOv7的输电铁塔塔基检测算法

输电塔作为整个电力传输系统最重要的组成部分之一,需要及时对输电塔进行检测保证塔基的稳固以保障后期的使用。针对无人机采集到的输电塔图像存在背景复杂、背景与目标塔基对比度低、小目标及塔基不完整等问题,提出了基于改进YOLOv7的输电塔塔基检测算法。首先,通过无人机采集不同地形地貌的输电塔图像,构建高质量数据集。然后,在原始YOLOv7的Backbone层中加入卷积注意力模块CBAM注意力机制,以提高输电塔塔基特征的提取能力。最后,引入WIoU v3代替原坐标损失函数CIoU,以提高目标检测任务的准确性和稳定性。在该数据集上,使用改进后的YOLOv7算法与目前主流的目标检测算法进行对比实验,实验结果中所提算法的mAP值高达99.93%,比原始YOLOv7提高2.19%,FPS值为37.125,满足实时检测需求,算法的整体性能较好。实验验证了所提算法在塔基检测上的可行性和有效性,为后续塔基区周围水土情况的研究奠定了基础。     

基于振动特性的铁塔螺栓完全松动检测方法

螺栓是输电铁塔上重要的连接件,由于输电铁塔在运行过程中长期受到外界条件的影响,导致螺栓逐渐松动、输电铁塔刚度下降,严重影响输电铁塔正常运行。针对输电铁塔螺栓连接完全松动故障,提出了一种基于铁塔振动特性的螺栓完全松动快速检测方法,首先利用脉冲激振法实测了输电铁塔螺栓完全松动前后振动信号,分别得到了激振点所在塔材的振动信号,以及通过螺栓相连接的塔材振动信号。然后采用自相关-变分模态分解(variational mode decomposition, VMD)方法进行振动信号处理,得到了振动信号频谱图。对比频谱图得出结论：当螺栓紧固时,各个塔材为一个整体,产生脉冲激振下的自由振动,在其固有频率处出现峰值;当螺栓完全松动时,激振点所在的塔材为自由振动,依旧在其固有频率处出现峰值,而另一塔材受到激振点所在塔材振动的作用导致其振动性质发生改变,受迫振动成分增加,两塔材振动频谱较为接近。螺栓相连接的两塔材振动频谱的变化特征可作为该螺栓是否完全松动的判断依据,为铁塔局部螺栓松动离线检测提供了一个新的思路和方法。     

基于层次分析法的输电杆塔基础混凝土开裂评估

输电杆塔基础承载的输电线路是高负荷电能输送的载体,也是重要的生命线结构工程,其安全性直接影响整个电网的稳定性与可靠度.本文首先对杆塔基础开裂特点及原因进行分析,然后结合输电杆塔实际情况,提出分级检测方法.针对不同的级别确定不同的检测项目,并对不同的检测结果进行分级量化.依照状态检修的思想,采用层次分析法,对不同的检测项目进行量化评估,得到总分,根据总分范围给定处理方案,为输电杆塔基础裂缝运行与维护提供依据.     

基于代理模型的输电塔半刚性节点弯矩-转角曲线预测方法

为了准确、高效地评估输电塔半刚性节点的力学特性,提出了一种基于代理模型的输电塔半刚性节点弯矩-转角曲线预测方法,通过引入代理模型方法近似半刚性节点几何尺寸与极限抗弯承载力、初始转动刚度之间的函数关系,建立具有较高精度的预测模型,进而结合Kish-Chen幂函数模型拟合输电塔半刚性节点的弯矩-转角曲线。结果表明,提出的基于代理模型的输电塔半刚性节点弯矩-转角曲线预测方法能减少实验和数值模拟的成本,较好地模拟输电塔半刚性节点实际受力-变形情况,为输电塔半刚性节点的工程设计和理论研究提供了参考。     

采空区对输电线路塔基影响的安全评价及应急处理

针对贵州六盘水市煤层采空区上产生垂直方向的下沉、倾斜、曲率变形和水平方向的水平移动、拉伸与压缩变形,导致输电线路塔基基础发生不同程度的移动和变形的情况.结合贵州六盘水市煤层采空区输电线路地质灾害状况,搜集了有关矿区地质、采矿等资料,应用概率积分法预计采空区及输电线路杆塔地基地表移动和变形的最值,定性评价塔基最终稳定程度,并对输电线路的运行安全性作出评价,得出,典型煤矿区上的水滥线056塔、盘红011塔,普滥Ⅰ回线187塔、188塔均处于潜在不稳定和运营不安全状态,从而提出了带电扶正铁塔、基础带电复位、基础加固和改线四条措施,对输电线路的设计、排除危险塔基安全隐患、保证输电线路的安全、正常运营有重要意义.     

输电塔线体系动力特性及风振响应分析

基于110 kV高压输电塔项目,建立了输电塔线体系有限元模型,并验证了输电线有限元模型的准确性.对单塔及塔线体系的动力特性进行分析,分析表明,塔线体系平面外振动耦合效应大于平面内.以谐波叠加法对输电塔线体系风载荷时程进行了数值模拟,对单塔和塔线体系的风振响应进行了时域分析.结果表明,输电塔和输电线风振响应均以一阶振型为主.塔线体系塔顶位移响应均方根值在0°风向角下是单塔的1. 73倍,而90°风向角情况下是单塔的4. 95倍.90°风向角情况下塔线体系塔顶位移背景响应分量增加较大,塔线耦合效应大于0°风向角情况.输电塔和输电线的平面内耦合效应通过输电线端部动张力差实现.输电塔塔身第2层主材所受应力大于其他各层,是倒塌破坏的危险位置.     

浅淡输电线路杆塔基础施工方案的优化

本文结合当前输电线路的杆塔基础施工情况,提出高压输电线路塔脚方案、基础施工、基面处理等有关技术方案.     

滑坡灾害下500 kV铁塔安全性分析

输电线路铁塔基础周围发生滑坡时,将引起铁塔基础的变形,威胁到输电线路的安全运行.采用有限元法运用ANSYS软件建立了500 kV输电铁塔仿真模型,模拟滑坡灾害下输电铁塔基础的变形,分析了不同工况输电铁塔的应力变化.结果表明:90°大风A腿水平滑移工况为滑坡灾害下铁塔基础变形的控制工况;输电铁塔转角外侧和顺线路方向基础周围发生滑坡时对铁塔的安全性影响大;铁塔塔材首先发生屈服破坏的位置处于铁塔第一道横隔材与其斜材的连接处,其次为铁塔塔脚处.     

输电塔-线体系振动控制研究进展

目的综述振动控制技术在输电塔-线体系减振方面的研究进展,并对未来研究方向提供建议.方法搜集整理了近来输电塔-线体系振动控制方面的研究成果,按照被动控制、主动控制和半主动控制3个方面,详细介绍了各类阻尼器的研究方法及减振效果,并针对现有研究的难点及不足提出了建议.结果被动、主动及半主动控制技术均可有效降低输电塔-线体系的动力响应,目前研究主要采用数值分析的方法验证各类阻尼器的减振效果,参数优化研究较少,试验验证及工程应用较少.结论被动控制技术中的吸振和消能减振技术无需能量输入、安装维护方便,更适用于输电塔-线体系.     

考虑SSI效应的特高压输电塔风致响应试验

为了研究风荷载作用下输电塔-基础-地基耦合效应(SSI效应)对输电塔风致响应的影响,以一座特高压输电塔-基础-地基体系为例,按照离散刚度法设计其气弹模型,采用一个刚性质量块来模拟基础,U型弹簧和阻尼器来模拟地基,对气弹模型进行风洞试验,并研究地基阻尼和刚度对输电塔结构风致响应的影响规律。研究表明:1)考虑SSI效应后,模型的振动衰减要慢于刚性地基模型;同时,随着地基刚度的减小,模型的综合刚度减少且自振周期增大;2)地基刚度的减小会使上部结构位移和加速度响应逐渐增大,对塔脚反力基本没有影响;随着地基阻尼的增大,塔身加速度逐渐减小,但位移和塔脚反力几乎保持不变。因此,在进行输电塔结构设计时应考虑SSI效应的影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that